Writing Dinosaur Large and Mosquito Small: Prephonological Spellers’ Use of Semantic Information

One influential theory of literacy development, the constructivist perspective, claims that young children believe that writing represents meaning directly and that the appearance of a written word should reflect characteristics of its referent. There has not been strong evidence supporting this idea, however. Circumventing several methodological concerns with previous studies, we examined written spellings of young children who did not yet use letters to represent the sounds of words, that is, prephonological spellers. We identified 38 prephonological spellers (M age = 4 years, 2 months) and measured the area of their writing productions. Prephonological spellers made significantly larger productions for words representing large objects than those representing small objects. This effect held true after controlling for the influences of other variables, including size of writing on previous trials and order of trial in a session. Our results suggest that young children sometimes use drawing-like features to communicate the meaning of words when writing.     

协同视域下的高职院校文化产业人才培养与产教融合研究

我国文化产业的快速发展对人才培养提出了更高要求,协同视域为产教融合下的高职院校文化产业专业人才培养提供了有效的实践路径。协同视域下的高职院校文化产业人才培养,应以生产与教学协同为基础,建立科学的人才培养体系;应立足于区域协同发展战略,确立院校文化产业专业人才培养特色;应格外重视“人”的关键要素作用,开创校企合作全面协同机制。产教融合不是高职教育的新概念,但产教融合的全过程协同与全要素效率提升,值得包括文化产业专业在内的学界和业界持续深入研究。     

数字图像处理技术的综述及其未来发展

本文简述了数字图像的一些基本概念,系统地分析了目前较为成熟的数字图像处理的常用方法、计算机软件开发平台及其应用领域,并提出了数字图像的未来发展方向。     

Finite-time control for soft landing on an asteroid based on line-of-sight angle

Motivated by the requirement for safe and pinpoint soft landing in future asteroids missions, a soft landing control method based on finite-time control (FTC) technique is developed in this paper. Firstly, in order to utilize the design philosophy of cascaded system, the landing error dynamics of asteroid probe are divided into two subsystems, including a position error subsystem (PES) and a line-of-sight angle error subsystem (LOSAES). Secondly, homogeneous system theory is employed to design the control law for LOSAES such that the states of LOSAES will be stabilized to the origin in finite time. For the reduced PES subsystem, a FTC law is designed such that the rest of states will converge to zero in finite time. Strict analysis shows that the whole system satisfies the finite time stability. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed method provides faster convergence rates and better disturbance rejection properties compared with the traditional asymptotically stable control (ASC) method.     

基于刚柔组合搅拌浆增强重金属离子污水处理

重金属离子污水对于环境的污染巨大,对于重金属离子污水一般采用离子分离的方法将污水中的重金属离子提取出来,然后再对污水进行下一步处理,从而降低重金属离子含量的比例。传统的重金属离子污水处理方法采用同一种搅拌浆进行分离搅拌,由于不同离子量下搅拌浆不同时,对于离子的分离特性不同,受限于搅拌浆的固定特性,无法有效对所有的离子进行最优化分离。提出一种基于离子度分布指导的刚柔组合搅拌浆增强技术,通过对不同重金属离子特性的度分布特性进行研究,提取离子度特性,对于不同的离子,采用不同的度分布指导下的刚柔组合搅拌浆进行离子分离搅拌处理,有效提高不同重金属离子下的分离特性。采用4组不同的离子进行比对测试,采用该方法使重金属离子的平均分离特性平均提高了39%,具有很好的指导意义。     

舆情视角下群体性事件的成因及对策研究

近几年群体性事件发生频率升高、规模扩大、冲突程度增强,严重影响构建社会主义和谐社会.及时做好科学防范工作,提高应对群体性事件的能力是政府部门面对的新课题.本文试从舆情视角出发,以舆情和群体性事件的互动关系为基础,阐述了舆情作用下群体性事件的成因、预防机制及处置策略,以助于减少群体性事件的发生,维护社会稳定.     

基于条件价值法的武夷山风景名胜区遗产资源非使用价值评估

武夷山是我国4个世界文化与自然双遗产地之一,武夷山风景名胜区作为遗产地内文化和自然遗产资源最为集中、开发最早的对外旅游窗口,其遗产资源价值高,在武夷山双遗产地中具有重要地位。运用条件价值法对武夷山风景名胜区受访者支付意愿与非使用价值进行评估。结果表明:在考虑不确定性因素影响下,2009年武夷山风景名胜区受访游客人均支付价值为29.67元/年。收入、学历、对旅游的热爱程度、遗产保护意识4个受访者特征变量在各分组水平下的支付意愿存在显著差异(p0.05);性别、年龄无显著差异(p0.05)。收入越高、学历越高、对旅游的热爱程度及遗产保护意识越强烈的受访游客有更高的支付意愿;而性别、年龄与支付意愿不相关。     

基于HHM的公共危机事件网络舆情风险管理研究

分析公共危机事件网络舆情风险因素,构建网络舆情风险管理的HHM框架,确定重要风险场景,重点研究“官方行为---舆情热度”风险场景,并将HHM框架转换为指标体系,应用AHP法和ABC法进行风险量化和评级,为政府公共危机事件网络舆情风险管理提供参考。     

中国科研人力资本补偿:问题、成因与对策

人力资本是科研活动中最宝贵的资源,科研人力资本的补偿力度深刻影响着科研人员开展科研工作的积极性与行为,乃至决定着整个国家科技创新体系的产出水平与产出质量。本文深入分析了当前中国科研人力资本补偿存在的问题与成因,科研人员工资收入低、人力资本双轨制以及重物轻人等现象的存在严重制约了中国科学研究的长期发展,而造成这些问题的原因在于保障性拨款比例过低、工资管理政策未能做到分类指导以及与时俱进、科研劳动价值尚未得到足够尊重等。本文最后提出了优化中国科研人力资本补偿体制的政策建议。     

The construction of an interfacial valve-based microfluidic chip for thermotaxis evaluation of human sperm

Thermotaxis has been demonstrated to be an important criterion for sperm evaluation, yet clinical assessment of thermotaxis capacity is currently lacking. In this article, the on-chip thermotaxis evaluation of human sperm is presented for the first time using an interfacial valve-facilitated microfluidic device. The temperature gradient was established and accurately controlled by an external temperature gradient control system. The temperature gradient responsive sperm population was enriched into one of the branch channels with higher temperature setting and the non-responsive ones were evenly distributed into the two branch channels. We employed air-liquid interfacial valves to ensure stable isolation of the two branches, facilitating convenient manipulation of the entrapped sperm. With this device, thermotactic responses were observed in 5.7%-10.6% of the motile sperm moving through four temperature ranges (34.0-35.3 °C, 35.0-36.3 °C, 36.0-37.3 °C, and 37.0-38.3 °C, respectively). In conclusion, we have developed a new method for high throughput clinical evaluation of sperm thermotaxis and this method may allow other researchers to derive better IVF procedure.