Involvement and growth of students in three academic programs

The purpose of this study was to provide further evidence on potential determinants of college student involvement in curricular and cocurricular campus activities, particularly on the importance of student enrollment in three academic programs. The study focused on how students in two special academic programs—an honors program and a transition program to assist academically disadvantaged students adjust to college—as well as students in the regular curriculum become engaged in a variety of experiences and how their quality of effort (involvement) in the activities is related to student growth and development. The relationship between level of student activity and achievement supports the claims of previous research that involvement contributes to students' development and gains in intellectual and interpersonal areas. However, the strength of relationship between student effort and gain varied for the three groups. Overall, the honors and transition students appeared to get more for their effort than did the regular students.     

Letter from the Editors

Journal of Science Teacher Education -     

Self-Concept/Ideal-Self-Concept Congruence and Rated Effectiveness of Counselor Trainees

Sixty-nine counselor trainees in Alberta, Canada, completed the Interpersonal Check List at the beginning and end of their training year. On both occasions trainees responded to a “set” for self-concept and self-ideal. The congruence between self and ideal (S-I) was tested for both linear and curvilinear relationships with supervisor ratings and final practicum grades of students. A curvilinear relationship was found between (S-I) congruence and final performance measures for full-time male practicum students, suggesting the presence of an optimal range of S-I congruence.     

The Gateway Science Workshop Program: Enhancing Student Performance and Retention in the Sciences Through Peer-Facilitated Discussion

Minority student attrition and underachievement is a long-standing and widespread concern in higher education. It is especially acute in introductory science courses which are prerequisites for students planning to pursue science-related careers. Poor performance in these courses often results in attrition of minorities from the science fields. This is a particular concern at selective universities where minority students enter with excellent academic credentials but receive lower average grades and have lower retention rates than majority students with similar credentials. This paper reports the first year results of a large scale peer-facilitated workshop program designed to increase performance and retention in Biology, Chemistry, and Physics at a selective research university. After adjusting for grade point average or SAT-Math score, workshop participants earned higher final grades than nonparticipants in Biology and Chemistry, but not in Physics. Similar effects on retention were found. While, positive effects of the program were observed in both majority and minority students, effect sizes were generally largest for minority students. Because of practical constraints in Physics, implementation of the program was not optimal, possibly accounting for the differential success of the program across disciplines.     

Market structure and institutional position in geographic market segments

Marketing and market research have formally entered the world of college recruiting in recent years, and market structure, market segments, and institutional positioning are concepts that have gained currency among academic marketers. In this paper a variety of analytic techniques—comparisons of frequency distributions, cross-tabulations, multidimensional scaling, and regression analysis—are used to examine the structure of a college's competition and institutional market position in relation to students' market behavior—the decision to accept a college's offer of admission. The analysis focuses on how these phenomena vary between two geographic market segments. Brief mention is made of some of the marketing implications of the data.An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Annual Forum of the Association for Institutional Research, Houston, Texas, May 1978.     

Prior experience shapes metacognitive judgments at the category level: the role of testing and category difficulty

Most metacognition research has focused on aggregate judgments of overall performance or item-level judgments about performance on particular questions. However, metacognitive judgments at the category level, which have not been as extensively explored, also play a role in students’ study strategies, for example, when students determine what topics to study for an exam. We investigated whether category learning judgments (CLJs) were sensitive to differences in the difficulty of general knowledge categories. After either studying or being tested on facts from several categories (e.g., Shakespeare, Astronomy), participants estimated the likelihood that they could correctly answer new questions from those categories on a later test (i.e., they made CLJs). Results of two studies showed that CLJs were sensitive to differences in category difficulty. Further, participants gave lower or more conservative CLJs when they took an initial test as compared to studying questions from the categories. Results are discussed in terms of the value and relevance of CLJs both in educational settings and in theories of metacognition.     

制药企业跨洋合作的前景

全球研发正呈现向亚洲转移的趋势，驱动这一现象的主要原因是研发费用的最优化和创新成果的最大化。身处亚洲的中国和印度在研发模式上具有多样性，制药企业同生物科技公司可分早、中、晚三个阶段进行合作。早期开发合作即利用化学、ADME—TOX筛选技术、药物活性研究和生化信息学缩短药物的研发周期；中期药物开发合作，将先导化合物设计能力同GMP条件进行优势结合，共同开发新剂量和非专利药物的市场：晚期开发合作，如新药的临床Ⅱ、Ⅲ或Ⅳ期转让，通过商业化权利进行风险共享。     

In practice: Ball State University's faculty mentorship program: Enhancing the first‐year experience for students with disabilities

Students with disabilities at Ball State University have a unique mentorship opportunity—those who take advantage of it gain considerable benefits.     

Letter from the Editors

Journal of Science Teacher Education -