Spanish historic archives’ use of websites as a management transparency vehicle

Against the backdrop of Spain’s Transparency Act, this article discusses the presence or otherwise of a series of document types, proposed as management-related transparency indicators, on 61 (8 national and 53 provincial) historic archive websites. Although examples of good practice were identified, the information provided was found to be scant, in particular as regards lines of action, organisational objectives and yearly reports. The information most commonly provided on the websites included the collection classification chart, service use regulations and citizen charters. The inference drawn was that archives, so intently focused on their role in the application of the Act by the organisations they serve, neglect their own administrative obligations in respect of its provisions. The recommendation is that as government-funded and subsidised public service institutions, historic archives should exercise transparency by furnishing the information stipulated in the Act on their websites.     

“Seeking Information from the Lips of People”: oral history in the archives of Qatar and the Gulf region

The turn to oral history in Qatar and the Arabian (also known as Persian) Gulf is not a rejection of traditional archival authority as has been the case in other parts of the world. In the Gulf, oral history has been embraced out of a desire to fill the silences of the largely unwritten record attributable to previous low levels of literacy and strong oral traditions in the region. Today, oral history is seen as the best method to capture details about traditional ways of life during the pre-oil era. After discussing archival concerns about the evidentiary nature of oral histories, this paper explores how it has come to be a crucial documentation tool in the Gulf, adapted to the specific nation building and cultural heritage priorities of the region.     

教会幼稚园的兴办与中国新式幼儿教育的产生

鸦片战争之后,西方教会通过一系列不平等条约取得了在我国办学的权利,教会幼稚园是教会教育的一个部分,是帝国主义侵略的产物,宗教色彩浓厚,具有文化侵略的性质。但不可否认,教会幼稚园将西方近代优秀的幼儿教育思想、教学内容、教学手段、管理办法带入我国,在我国新式幼儿教育的发展过程中有一定影响,教会幼稚园的兴办从某种意义上讲是中国新式幼儿教育产生的契机。     

协同治理:农村公共产品供给机制创新的可行路径

目前,我国农村公共产品供给机制存在着供给结构失衡、供给主体单一、供给总体不足等问题。就我国农村经济社会的发展现状和农村公共产品供给的未来需要而言,迫切需要创新农村公共产品供给机制,其关键是形成政府、非政府组织、企业、民众之间的协同效应,即明晰农村公共产品供给协同治理的权责体系;加强农村公共产品供给协同治理的资源保障;构建农村公共产品供给协同治理的信息平台;培育农村公共产品供给协同治理的社会资本,使农村公共产品供给系统的各要素之间形成协同治理的机制。     

建设节约型高校后勤的探索与实践

建设节约型后勤是高校发展的内在要求,是后勤自身发展的需要。实现节约型后勤目标,要进一步加强节约办后勤的思想教育;建立健全有关规章制度,实行节约化管理;大力推广和使用新技术、新设备。     

Dynamic confinement of SAPO-17 cages on the selectivity control of syngas conversion

The OXZEO (oxide−zeolite) bifunctional catalyst concept has enabled selective syngas conversion to a series of value-added chemicals and fuels such as light olefins, aromatics and gasoline. Herein we report for the first time a dynamic confinement of SAPO-17 cages on the selectivity control of syngas conversion observed during an induction period. Structured illumination microscopy, intelligent gravimetric analysis, UV-Raman, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer analysis indicate that this is attributed to the evolution of carbonaceous species as the reaction proceeds, which gradually reduces the effective space inside the cage. Consequently, the diffusion of molecules is hindered and the hindering is much more prominent for larger molecules such as C₄₊. As a result, the selectivity of ethylene is enhanced whereas that of C₄₊ is suppressed. Beyond the induction period, the product selectivity levels off. For instance, ethylene selectivity levels off at 44% and propylene selectivity at 31%, as well as CO conversion at 27%. The findings here bring a new fundamental understanding that will guide further development of selective catalysts for olefin synthesis based on the OXZEO concept.     

大学应对新冠肺炎疫情的组织结构变革研究

<正>阿什比指出,"大学是遗传与环境的产物"[1]。工业革命后的大学对外部环境表现出资源上和制度上的高度依赖性,大学除了适应外部环境已别无选择。麻省理工学院和斯坦福大学通过适应二战和冷战环境而迅速崛起。牛津大学和剑桥大学拒绝适应工业革命而长期衰退。人类进入全球化、后工业时代后,社会运转速度大大加     

电能计量装置在线故障诊断系统设计

电能计量装置运行的稳定性和可靠性,对于电力行业的发展至关重要,智能电网的建设过程中对电能表计量装置具有在线故障诊断功能的需求成为必然趋势.文中针对电能计量装置在线故障诊断系统中典型的故障诊断模型进行了研究,同时设计了在线故障诊断系统,详述了电能计量装置在线故障诊断系统硬件结构、软件框架以及系统方案,并针对在线故障诊断系...     

Cyclic-anion salt for high-voltage stable potassium-metal batteries

Electrolyte anions are critical for achieving high-voltage stable potassium-metal batteries (PMBs). However, the common anions cannot simultaneously prevent the formation of ‘dead K’ and the corrosion of Al current collector, resulting in poor cycling stability. Here, we demonstrate cyclic anion of hexafluoropropane-1,3-disulfonimide-based electrolytes that can mitigate the ‘dead K’ and remarkably enhance the high-voltage stability of PMBs. Particularly, even using low salt concentration (0.8 M) and additive-free carbonate-based electrolytes, the PMBs with a high-voltage polyanion cathode (4.4 V) also exhibit excellent cycling stability of 200 cycles with a good capacity retention of 83%. This noticeable electrochemical performance is due to the highly efficient passivation ability of the cyclic anions on both anode and cathode surfaces. This cyclic-anion-based electrolyte design strategy is also suitable for lithium and sodium-metal battery technologies.     

国外专利信息服务体系建设经验与启示

专利在一国的研究、创新方面扮演极其重要的角色,与之相关的专利信息无疑是一笔重要的财富,对于各国科技和经济的发展均有着重要的利用价值。文章对国外专利信息服务体系的经验和特点进行了总结,并在此基础上就我国建设与完善专利信息服务体系方面提出了一些政策建议。