Linked Data Annotation Without the Pointy Brackets: Introducing Recogito 2

Recogito 2 is an open source annotation tool currently under development by Pelagios, an international initiative aimed at facilitating better linkages between online resources documenting the past. With Recogito 2, we aim to provide an environment for efficient semantic annotation—i.e., the task of enriching content with references to controlled vocabularies—in order to facilitate links between online data. At the same time, we address a perceived gap in the performance of existing tools, by emphasizing the development of mechanisms for manual intervention and editorial control that support the curation of quality data. While Recogito 2 provides an online workspace for general-purpose document annotation, it is particularly well-suited for geo-annotation, in other words annotating documents with references to gazetteers, and supports the annotation of both texts and images (i.e., digitized maps). Already available for testing at http://recogito.pelagios.org, its formal release to the public occurred in December 2016.     

The creative use of companion values in environmental education and education for sustainable development: exploring the educative moment

Our paper addresses the emergence and evolution of values in educational settings. It builds upon and extends earlier work on companion meanings to develop a theory of the creative use of companion values and meanings in education. The recognition of companion values in educational practices highlight epistemological, ethical, and aesthetic transactions that occur in ways we characterize as ‘other than modern.’ Introducing the idea of educative moments allows us to identify situations where value spheres interpenetrate and interrogate each other in the meaning-making of students and teachers. These moments occur when students suddenly experience companion meanings and values such that teacher and student must deliberate together rather than the teacher dictating some dominating epistemological, ethical, or aesthetic value. This way, it is possible to accommodate critical and creative reflection in education where new values can emerge or evolve. We illustrate the theory by empirical examples from classroom conversations.     

Future programs at the National Library of Medicine.

The future of the National Library of Medicine will be shaped by a number of scientific, technical, and social influences. Among these are the continuing rapid development of computer technology and storage systems. Artificial intelligence techniques, factual databases, the emergence of medical informatics as a formal discipline, and the development of Integrated Academic Information Management Systems (IAIMS) are also important influences on the direction of the library. Public policy issues will influence the future of NLM--among them, sharing of scientific information between nations and the role of federal agencies in dissemination of information domestically. The formal, long-range plan now being prepared for the library by panels of expert advisers will be a guide for future programs and goals.     

The power of role design: Balancing the principals financial responsibility with the implications of stress

The Anglo-Saxon countries have implemented Management by Objectives (MBO) complemented with school-based management (SBM) fairly rapidly. Although these countries are considered something of a benchmark of stability, research on principals reveals that they experience high levels of stress and that this is associated with poorer job performance. These findings raise the question of whether increased stress and poorer performance are the result of the new SBM role. In this article, empirical research on Sweden is used to address this question. While Sweden has not come as far as England in the implementation of SBM, it is farther along than other European countries. Paying specific attention to the SBM role, the article uses a qualitative method to describe the implementation of MBO in two cases with different characteristics, one centralized and one decentralized. A quantitative method is also used to conduct a large scale study of stress levels among all principals in upper secondary schools in Sweden. The results indicate that the choice of whether to retain the traditional principal role, developed at a time of centralized management by rules, or to replace it with a new SBM role influences the level of stress that principals experience, although in different ways. The practical implications of these findings are discussed in the final section of the paper.     

Liminal practice and reflection in professional education: police education and medical education

ABSTRACT

This paper reports on a study of how liminality relates to the facilitation of reflective practice in professional education. Liminality refers to sites and positions that exhibit 'in-betweenness', or bordering positions, that might draw together different institutional conditions. The present project aims to examine the role of liminality in professional educational practice with a specific focus upon how liminality may support student reflection. Using a qualitative and comparative research approach, we analysed interview and observational data from police education and a medical programme. Observations and interviews explore practices of collective interactional (and hence observable) reflection at sites that are characterised by ‘betweenness’ of work and education. Findings indicate that situations that afford reflection are characterised by a sense of undeterminedness in terms of either the subject, space or activity. Thus, we conclude that there is some evidence that liminality affords reflection, but also that liminality and underminedness are fragile states that are not easily organised in a professional education curriculum.     

Historical Views of Film

Ted Sennett's Warner Brothers Presents: The Most Exciting Years--From "The Jazz Singer" to "White Heat" (New Rochelle, N.Y.: Arlington House, 1971---$11.95)

Leif Furhammar and Folke Isaksson's Politics and Film (New York: Praeger, 1971---$12.50)

Peter Cowie (ed.) The Concise History of the Cinema: Volume I, Before 1940. (Cranbury, N.J.: A.S. Barnes, 1971---$3.50, paper)

Roy Armes' The French Cinema since 1946: Volume I, The Great Tradition (Cranbury, N. J.: A.S. Barnes, 1970---$2.95, paper)

Gordon Gow's Hollywood in the Fifties (Cranbury, N.J.: A.S. Barnes, 1971---$2.95, paper)

Edward Wagenknecht's The Movies in the Age of Innocence (New York: Ballentine, $2.95, paper)

Thorold Dickenson's A Discovery of Cinema (New York: Oxford University Press, 1971---$8.50 with a paperback edition available)

Rachael Low's classic History of the British Film (London: Allen and Unwin, 1971---price not known)

Bob Thomas' The Heart of Hollywood: A 50-year Pictorial History of the Film Capital and the Famed Motion Picture and Television Fund (Los Angeles: Price/Stern/Stern, 1971---$7.95)

Bob Harmon's Hollywood Panorama (New York: Dutton, 1971---$3.95, paper)     

ICT和教师专业发展——瑞典案例介绍及理论框架

作为技术支持的教师专业发展（TETPD）国际比较研究的一部分,本文介绍了瑞典部分的背景、理论框架以及设计,关注的焦点是ICT与教育领域的教师专业发展（TPD）。其中,ICT被看作是一项能够支持教与学实践的技术。本文进一步的目的就是从两个维度为瑞典的多重个案研究提供一个框架：第一个维度是关于教师专业发展的权属和管理问题,既包括由上而下的政府项目,也包括由下而上由参与者推动的计划;第二个维度是关于教师专业发展的方法或者模式问题,既包含传统的面对面模式,也包含在线学习模式。通过该框架,我们选出了四个使用ICT进行教师专业发展的项目作为案例,并将其与关于TPD模型和项目的不同观点,以及Villegas-Reimers对TPD的新观点联系起来。最后,本文还讨论了这些项目在支持教与学中的ICT应用方面的意义和前景。     

Implications of the Bologna Process for Throughput in the Higher Education Sector: an empirical illustration based on a Finnish-British comparison

This study illustrates the differences between Finnish and British graduates in the higher education-to-work transition and related market mechanisms in the year 2000. Specifically, the differences between the Finnish and British students' academic careers and ability to find employment after graduation were evaluated in relation to the Finnish HE policy that hastens the entry of new graduates into the labour market. The Finnish HE system is representative of a system that operates in an occupation-specific and relatively strictly-regulated labour market context, whereas the labour market context for the British HE system is essentially the most liberal in Europe. The results of the study suggest that it is not the length of the first degree programmes per se that determines the throughput of the HE sector, but the relative emphasis placed on the opportunity structures pertaining to HE participation and on career mobility in the labour market.