Strengthening early childhood and school sector continuities in producing the lifelong learner in Aotearoa New Zealand

Recent education policy analysis has revealed the standardisation of education systems and an intensified focus on learners and learning to meet the requirements of the global economy and neo-liberalism. In this paper we analyse the way that early childhood education in Aotearoa New Zealand has become increasingly entangled with school sector priorities and international discourses of lifelong learning as it has encountered these requirements. We trace the shift from an explict rejecting and countering of school sector pedagogy to the promoting of increasing continuity with school sector priorities. We draw attention to dynamic, contrasting and competing interests and entities that have shaped the construction of learning and learners and curriculum and assessment priorities. We argue the need to attend to the complex mix of constitutive forces at work in the formulation and enactment of early childhood sector priorities, in particular to these crucial entanglements with school sector priorities, international discourses of lifelong learning and neo-liberal economic rationalities.     

抗日战争及伟大意义

抗日战争是在中国共产党倡导的抗日民族统一战线的旗帜下,以国共合作为基础的全民族抗战。中国的抗日战争不仅为世界反法西斯战争的胜利作出了不可磨灭的历史贡献,也是中国由衰败走向振兴的历史转折点。我们应以史为鉴,大力弘扬抗日战争中表现出的爱国主义精神。     

Excel 2000在稿件管理中的应用技巧

为提高期刊编辑部稿件管理的工作效率，提出了借助Excel 2000软件，无须增加额外费用就可使工作变得快捷、准确的方法。通过将Excel 2000应用到稿件管理中的实践，探索出一些发挥诸如数据处理、图表显示、分类、超级链接等功能的操作技巧，可供编辑同行借鉴。     

Analyzing measurement models of latent variables through multilevel confirmatory factor analysis and hierarchical linear modeling approaches

Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is often used in the social sciences to estimate a measurement model in which multiple measurement items are hypothesized to assess a particular latent construct. This article presents the utility of multilevel CFA (MCFA; Muthén, 1991, 1994) and hierarchical linear modeling (HLM; Raudenbush, Rowan, & Kang, 1991) methods in testing measurement models in which the underlying attribute may vary as a function of various levels of observation. An illustrative example using a real dataset is provided in which an unconditional model specification and parameter estimates from the MCFA and HLM are shown. The article demonstrates the comparability of the two methods in estimating measurement parameters of interest (i.e., true variance at levels the measures are used and measurement errors).     

Impact of a Simulated Stress Training Program on the Tactical Shooting Performance of SWAT Trainees

ABSTRACT

Purpose: To create a high-stress shooting among the crowd (SAC) program and to examine its effectiveness in reducing SWAT trainees’ stress level and their shooting performance in a simulated hostage-rescue situation. Method: After the SAC program was created, it was evaluated using a pretest and posttest experimental design: 98 young male SWAT trainees were randomly divided into experiment and control groups, with the former group trained in hostage rescue, shooting with real persons (high stress), and the latter group trained with “dummy” men (low stress); training for both lasted three days. Their shooting performance was assessed by a tactical shooting test in both high- and low-stress tests in a counterbalanced order, before and after the training, and monitored during the training, as were their stress levels by a set of physical (heart rate [HR] and heart rate recovery time [HRRt]), psychological (salivary cortisol and α-amylase), and self-reported anxiety measures. Results: The SAC program created needed high-stress for hostage rescue situations as reflected in increased physical, psychological, and anxiety scores and reduced shooting performance. Even with short SAC training, SWAT trainees’ capacity in handling high stress and tactical shooting performance were significantly improved. HR, HRRt, and anxiety tests have been found to be effective in monitoring stress and should be a part of future SWAT training. Conclusion: A SAC program involving real people was created, and its effectiveness was confirmed using a pretest and posttest experimental design.     

从“三个代表”的高度 探索大学生思想政治工作的创新

大学生思想政治工作的创新是时代赋予的历史重任,必须从“三个代表”的高度,在继承优良传统的基础上,紧官结合精神文化生活,以科学理论为指导、广博知识为基础、进取精神为前提,探索大学生思想政治工作的创新。     

Influence of negative childhood experiences on psychological functioning, social support, and parenting for mothers recovering from addiction.

OBJECTIVE: This study was conducted with mothers recovering from drug and alcohol addiction and had three aims: first, to understand the range of negative childhood events these mothers experienced; second, to understand their current level of distress and their parenting experiences; and third, to examine the relationships between negative childhood events and parenting experiences. METHOD: Forty-six mothers participated in a cross-sectional exploratory study and completed a range of self-report measures, including the Child Abuse & Trauma Scale, Social Support Inventory, CES-D, Parenting Stress Index, and the Parenting Scale. RESULTS: When compared to norming samples these mothers reported significantly higher levels of aversive childhood experiences, psychological distress, parenting stress and use of problematic parenting behaviors along with lower levels of social support. Higher levels of neglect and growing up in a negative home environment were significantly correlated with lower levels of social support from the family, higher levels of distress and parenting stress, and greater use of problematic parenting behaviors. CONCLUSION: For this sample there is a greater incidence of aversive childhood experiences and greater problems with maternal functioning. Mothers recovering from addiction have an additional need for clinical attention towards issues of recovery from childhood abuse and responding to parenting difficulties with their own children.     

Measuring Pupils’ Attitudes Towards Socioscientific Issues

Science & Education - This paper presents the results of a large-scale study to validate a questionnaire that measures pupils’ attitudes towards socioscientific issues (the PASSI...     

《加拿大社会学期刊》开放获取的新尝试

《加拿大社会学期刊》（Canadian journal of sociology）在整个国际社会学期刊中有着重要的地位,但随着读者更多地通过图书馆来获取资源,它的订阅量不断下降,编辑的地位和职责也发生了改变,这些引发了人们对该行业评价体系的重新思考。开放获取可以增加期刊的可见度和使用量,这对学者来说是很有益的,但实现印刷版学术期刊的开放获取必须考虑到期刊编辑和出版过程中的所有环节。文章呈现了《加拿大社会学期刊》在开放获取的转变过程中,其主编个人的思考和总结。