The defence technique in Tai Chi Push Hands: A case study

Abstract

Developed from traditional Chinese martial arts, Tai Chi exercise includes different forms and interactive Push Hands but biomechanical analyses have focused on the former only. To analyse the techniques of Push Hands, an experienced master was asked to defend pushing by four opponents. Movements were videotaped and digitized using a motion analysis system. Surface electrodes were used to record the electromyographic activity of ten muscle groups. Two force plates were used to measure the ground reaction force on each foot. Inexperienced individuals performed the same procedure to serve as the control group. The results indicate that the master adopted a postural adjustment to maintain balance. A clear shift of body weight from the front to the rear foot and mediolateral displacement of the centre of gravity was observed. Low electromyographic activity was observed in the upper body muscle groups, while high electromyographic activity was observed in the right rectus femoris and very high activity in the left rectus femoris during the defence. All inexperienced participants lost their balance in resisting pushing. It is concluded that the Tai Chi defensive technique includes a subtle postural adjustment that slightly changes the pushing force direction, and allows the rear leg to resist the incoming force.     

A Cross-Cultural Validation of Perceived Locus of Causality Scale in Physical Education Context

We examined the validity of the factor structure and invariance of the Perceived Locus of Causality (PLOC) scale instrument scores across two nations endorsing collectivist (Singapore) and individualist (Great Britain) cultural values. Results indicated that confirmatory factor analytic models of the PLOC exhibited adequate ft according to multiple criteria within each sample and across samples. There was invariance in the item-intercepts across the two cultures. In addition, the simplex-like pattern of relations among the PLOC constructs was confirmed within cultures and in invariance analyses. Finally, latent factor means analysis revealed that the British participants tended to rate less self-determined forms of motivation lower than and more self-determined forms of motivation higher than the Singaporean participants.     

第十二届男排世界杯各队得分最多队员的主要技术特征分析

运用文献资料法、录像分析法、数理统计法等方法,对第十二届男排世界杯得分最多的球员在比赛中发球、接发球、拦网、扣球等方面的数据进行分析,得出如下结论:(1)本届男排世界杯得分最多队员的各种基本情况;(2)跳发大力球是得分最多队员的主要发球方式;(3)绝大部分接应二传放下接发球任务,且大部分是本队的得分最多队员。本文对各种数据的分析希望能为以后得分最多的男排队员的选材、发球,扣球及拦网技术的训练、比赛过程中各种技术数据的统计分析以及排球运动员的管理提供参考。     

福建师范大学男排拦网技术运用与效果分析——以2012-2013年中国排球联赛福建赛区为例

现代排球比赛中网上精彩激烈的争夺战就是在扣球与拦网中展开的。本研究对2012-2013年中国排球联赛福建赛区的7场29局比赛拦网的统计数据进行分析,通过对比8支球队在拦网技术方面的数据,分析我国男子排球甲级队伍的拦网技术的现状,从中找出福建师范大学男排拦网技术的优势和薄弱环节,为今后的训练提供参考。     

国内体育保险的研究与发展对策

随着我国体育事业的蓬勃开展,体育赛事的增多以及体育运动向着“快节奏,高对抗”的特点日趋发展,中目的体育保险需求也呈现出了一个快速增长的趋势。在这种历史背景情况下,对体育保险的进行全面深刻的研究就显得非常必要和紧迫。本文主要通过文献资料法,对当前国内体育保险研究现状总结分析,旨在为中国体育保险的健康有利发展提供积极因素。     

运动和营养素的细胞内作用靶点——线粒体：阿尔茨海默病防治的新思路

阿尔茨海默病（Alzheimer Disease,AD）是一种与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病,目前缺乏有效的防治方法.研究表明,适量的运动和营养素,可以通过改善脑内线粒体的功能,延缓认知功能衰退和阿尔茨海默病的发生和发展.我们将这类靶向于线粒体的营养素或天然产物定义为线粒体营养素.本文从线粒体角度,综述了运动和线粒体营养素对阿尔茨海默病中神经元的作用机制,为阿尔茨海默病的防治提供新的思路.     

Effects of a remote,YouTube-delivered exercise intervention on young adults’physical activity,sedentary behavior,and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic:Randomized controlled trial

Background:Public health guidelines have called for innovative and flexible physical activity(PA)intervention strategies to promote PA and health amid the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.Therefore,this study’s purpose was to examine the effects of a home-based,YouTube-delivered PA intervention grounded in self-determination theory on young adults’free-living PA,sedentary behavior,and sleep quality(NCT04499547).Methods:Sixty-four young adults(48 females;age=22.8±3.4 years,mean±SD;body mass index=23.1±2.6 kg/m²)were randomized(1:1)into the intervention group,which received weekly aerobic and muscle-strengthening PA videos,or control group,which received weekly general health education videos,for 12 weeks.Our primary outcome was free-living moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA)and our secondary outcomes were sedentary behavior,light PA,and sleep quality(measured using ActiGraph accelerometers)along with muscle-strengthening PA frequency,self-determination theory-related motivation(non-regulation,external regulation,introjected regulation,identified regulation,integrated regulation,and intrinsic regulation),and perceived PA barriers(assessed using validated questionnaires).Repeated measures analysis of variances(ANOVAs)examined between-group differences at an adjusted significance level of 0.004 and effect sizes as partial eta-squared(η;).Results:We observed statistically significant interaction effects for MVPA,sleep efficiency,muscle-strengthening PA frequency,non-regulation,integrated regulation,intrinsic regulation,and perceived PA barriers(F(1,62)=10.75-77.67,p<0.001-0.002,η_p²=0.15-0.56)with all outcomes favoring the intervention group.We observed no statistically significant differences in either group for sedentary behavior,light PA,sleep duration,or external,introjected,and identified regulations after 12 weeks(F(1,62)=1.11-3.64,p=0.06-0.61).Conclusion:With national COVID-19 restrictions still in place and uncertainty regarding post-pandemic PA environments and behaviors,a remote,YouTube-delivered PA intervention may help foster clinically meaningful improvements in young adults’free-living MVPA,musclestrengthening PA frequency,sleep efficiency,PA-related intrinsic motivation,and perceived PA barriers.     

广西陀螺运动文化传承现状及发展对策研究

文章通过对广西区内陀螺运动传承进行研究,得出：（1）目前广西陀螺运动开展形式多样但缺乏系统的管理;（2）重点体现在陀螺运动外在的传承,缺乏内在文化的精髓;针对出现的问题,相应的对策：（1）各级政府部门加大陀螺运动的经费投入,保证陀螺运动得以正常开展;（2）学校增设陀螺科目,借助学校文化底蕴优势,利于陀螺运动文化传承。     

我国少数民族地区武术文化旅游的可行性模糊评价

文章以模糊分析技术为平台,综合模糊分析、因子分析和层次分析的基本思想,建立了多因素、分层次的少数民族地区武术文化旅游的可行性评价模型。试图通过构建可行性评价指标体系,将可行性评价模糊因素数量化,建立起可行性评价的模糊综合评价模型,并在旅游可行性价值评价领域加以运用。     

湘西地区农村民族民间体育活动开展现状与发展对策研究

文章运用文献资料调研法、问卷调查法、实地观察法、数理统计法等研究方法,从项目内容、锻炼目的、参与的时间、次数、场地、组织形式、资金来源等对湘西地区农村民族民间体育活动开展现状进行深入细致的调查与分析,并提出民族民间体育活动发展的对策。