网络环境中生物科研信息资源的利用

充分利用好网络生物科研信息资源是当代生物学研究者的必备素质。本文就如何充分利用计算机网络这一强有力的工具, 通过Internet 搜索引擎、生物学数据库、生物学工具软件和生物学信息组等以最方便的方式、最快捷的手段获取到所需要的生物科研信息资源的优点和技巧作了简要的介绍和讨论。     

高校开展阳光体育运动实效性评价机制研究

运用文献资料、专家访谈等研究方法对高校开展阳光体育运动的实效性评价机制进行研究,旨在通过研究为高校阳光体育运动的持续健康发展提供理论参考。主要结论:构建高校阳光体育运动实效性评价机制要遵循客观性、效能性、目标性以及整体性原则,机制建设要从监管、保障、理念创新和工作完善等方面展开,通过建立阳光体育运动考核监督、激励保障、创新评价以及民主参与等途径对高校开展阳光体育运动实效性评价机制进行建设。     

地方高校与社区体育合作发展研究

通过系统分析近年来有关地方高校与社区在体育资源共享、互动发展等方面的研究成果,发现目前高校体育和社区体育的合作发展虽然存在着制度不健全、机构不完善、管理不规范等问题,但双方的合作能形成优势互补,能有效解决资源短缺和高校体育社会化问题。     

学前教育“小学化”成因分析及其对策

目前,我国学前教育中的＂小学化＂现象日益凸显。这一现象主要由于家长不科学的幼教观念、学前教育资源不足、师资准入机制不健全和缺乏有效监管机制等因素造成。＂小学化＂的学前教育影响幼儿身心发展,造成幼儿亚健康心理问题,压抑幼儿个性。解决学前教育＂小学化＂问题,需要我们尊重幼儿成长规律,消除应试教育对学前教育的影响,扩大学前教育规模,建设优质示范幼儿园,发挥五年一贯制师范教育培养学前教育师资的作用,加强教育行政部门对学前教育的监管和指导。     

Medical Student Video Use and Summative Exam Performance during the First-Year Pre-Clinical Coursework and Implications in Distance Education

ABSTRACT

Medical student use of lecture video (live-streaming and/or recorded) at a regional medical school campus that utilized distance educational technology to deliver first-year pre-clinical lecture content, was examined. Additionally, medical student video lecture use was compared to student performance on summative exams and final course grades. All learners achieved desired scientific competencies across all courses irrespective of their use of live-streamed or recorded video formats. Throughout the course of the year, medical student video use partitioned into one of two groups: students that only watched lecture in live-streaming format, and those that watched lecture only in recorded format. Interestingly, those medical students that predominantly preferred view lectures using the live-streaming format tended to achieve better summative test scores and final course grades compared to their peers that primarily utilized recorded video to obtain lecture content. Retrospectively, dimensions of personality scores were compared between the two groups (live-streaming viewers versus recorded viewers), and, of the five dimensions of personality, only the domain of conscientiousness differed between the two groups. This study suggests that, while medical students reached academic milestones utilizing either recorded or live-streamed video for obtaining lecture content during their first-year pre-clinical courses, there may be factors of learner personality influencing video use preference which in turn enhances student performance on summative exams and final course grades. These findings may have implications in curriculum design for other distance educational formats emphasizing classical scientific competencies in post-undergraduate study that rely on video delivery of lecture content.     

Administrators' Roles in Helping Teachers Use Formative Assessment Information

Research on formative classroom assessment practices and professional development is richer at the classroom/teacher level than at the building/administrator level. Yet administrator leadership is known to be critical for school reforms, including a change to more formative, learning-oriented assessment practices. The researchers conducted an exploratory study using two years of data from a large, rural school district to describe administrators' learning as they participated in a professional development project designed to increase their knowledge and leadership of formative assessment. Teachers skilled at formative assessment, in the view of their administrators, shared learning targets with students in multiple ways and before, during, and after the lesson. The leadership of administrators was critical to the implementation of formative classroom assessment in their buildings. Administrators who became the leading learner focused their observations in classrooms more intently than before on what the students (not just the teachers) were doing. They understood formative assessment themselves, and their schools were the ones that made progress implementing formative assessment.     

Learning design in diverse institutional and cultural contexts: suggestions from a participatory workshop with higher education professionals in Africa

Learning design approaches, such as those adopted by the Open University, provide a set of tools and resources for purposefully-designing modules with a focus on student experiences. However, many of the current learning design strategies have been situated within specific institutions in Europe and North America. This means that there are several issues worth considering around if and how established learning design approaches make sense in diverse institutional and cultural contexts. To critically assess the relevance and appropriateness of learning design strategies in new contexts, this article describes an in-depth participatory workshop with 34 education professionals from five African countries. Altogether, 10 suggestions for learning design practices were derived from the consensus of workshop participants, which provide a foundation for the development of learning design practices moving forward.     

浅谈习仲勋广东执政期间的改革开放思想

习仲勋是中国党史上的著名人物,1978年至1980年期间习仲勋主政广东,第一个向党中央、国务院提出在广东创办经济特区的改革构想,使广东成为改革开放的前沿和窗口。此后,中国的改革开放就由广东试点,逐步发展成为点、线、面的全面开放和各领域深化改革的新局面。     

农业领域国家重点实验室分布特点与立项建议

农业领域国家重点实验室作为国家农业科技创新体系的重要组成部分,是提高农业科学研究水平的基础和推进农业科技进步的重要保障。该文分析了农业领域国家重点实验室的分布现状、特点以及形成过程,并对农业领域国家重点实验室的进一步立项建设提出了建议。     

中美省、州级政府门户网站绩效水平对比研究——基于改进的成本效益分析法

通过一种改进的成本效益分析法来对比中美政府网站绩效：将成本简化为运营费用和全职人员数量两个指标,通过“申请政府信息公开”获取中国省级政府网站的数据,用美国州政府网站“联系我们”、“实时帮助”等栏目获取美国数据,而效益数据来源于全球通用的互联网统计工具的监测数据。利用统计软件分析两国政府网站在成本、效益上的差异,进而结合网民规模计算出绩效因子,以判别中美政府网站的绩效水平。最后给出结论并归纳出本研究存在的问题。