日语敬语在职场中的使用

日语敬语是日语中用于表达敬意的词语,用来表示说话者、听话者、话中人物之间的社会阶级、亲疏等关系.使用敬语是日语的重要特点之一,尤其是在一些社交场合必须使用敬语,以表达适当的身份关系和礼貌.但由于敬语的语法、内容比较复杂,要想完全掌握也是比较困难的事.着重讨论职场中敬语的使用.     

从意合和形合角度浅议温庭筠《商山早行》的英译

在汉英思维方式对比的基础上,论述了中国古诗中意合手段的应用以及英译中形合手段的应用。提出在深刻理解和把握原诗的基础上,完成翻译过程中汉语意合与英语形合的转换与重组。     

公务员报考热与大学生就业难

近年来公务员报考越演越热,公务员报考热与大学生就业难密切相关。要缓解公务员报考热,须采取有效措施缓解大学生就业难。缓解大学生就业难需多方努力,政府应采取长期的系统规划,调整产业结构;学校需改革人才培养方案,加快应用型人才培养;学生应完善自身素质,提高就业能力。     

基于油气藏渗流力学课程的创新创业深度研究融合

"油气藏渗流力学"作为石油工程专业主干课程,在日常教学中,多为理论知识教学,缺少实践教学活动。本文通过问卷调查,得出创新创业教育实际情况的相关数据。根据实际情况,以创新创业为方向,将其思想与内涵同"油气藏渗流力学"的教学计划及活动相结合。从课上到课下,从学校到学生,全方位、深层次、多方向地提出了模块教学、合理规划科技创新竞赛及跨专业联合教学模式三种教学改革方式。     

深港跨境学童教育初探

深港跨境学童是深圳、香港两地间的一种特殊社会现象。本文分析了跨境学童的受教育现状,并提出了开展“融和”“多元”的学校教育,加强家校合作与社区教育等多种提高跨境学童教育成效性的对策。     

Development of a space cold atom clock

Atomic clocks with cold atoms play important roles in the field of fundamental physics as well as primary frequency standards. Operating such cold atom clocks in space paves the way for further exploration in fundamental physics, for example dark matter and general relativity. We developed a space cold atom clock (SCAC), which was launched into orbit with the Space Lab TG-2 in 2016. Before it deorbited with TG-2 in 2019, the SCAC had been working continuously for almost 3 years. During the period in orbit, many scientific experiments and engineering tests were performed. In this article, we summarize the principle, development and in-orbit results. These works provide the basis for construction of a space-borne time-frequency system in deep space.     

Electro-mechanically controlled assembly of reconfigurable 3D mesostructures and electronic devices based on dielectric elastomer platforms

The manufacture of 3D mesostructures is receiving rapidly increasing attention, because of the fundamental significance and practical applications across wide-ranging areas. The recently developed approach of buckling-guided assembly allows deterministic formation of complex 3D mesostructures in a broad set of functional materials, with feature sizes spanning nanoscale to centimeter-scale. Previous studies mostly exploited mechanically controlled assembly platforms using elastomer substrates, which limits the capabilities to achieve on-demand local assembly, and to reshape assembled mesostructures into distinct 3D configurations. This work introduces a set of design concepts and assembly strategies to utilize dielectric elastomer actuators as powerful platforms for the electro-mechanically controlled 3D assembly. Capabilities of sequential, local loading with desired strain distributions allow access to precisely tailored 3D mesostructures that can be reshaped into distinct geometries, as demonstrated by experimental and theoretical studies of ∼30 examples. A reconfigurable inductive–capacitive radio-frequency circuit consisting of morphable 3D capacitors serves as an application example.     

Rapid phenotypic evolution with shallow genomic differentiation during early stages of high elevation adaptation in Eurasian Tree Sparrows

Known as the ‘third polar region’, the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau represents one of the harshest highland environments in the world and yet a number of organisms thrive there. Previous studies of birds, animals and humans have focused on well-differentiated populations in later stages of phenotypic divergence. The adaptive processes during the initial phase of highland adaptation remain poorly understood. We studied a human commensal, the Eurasian Tree Sparrow, which has followed human agriculture to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Despite strong phenotypic differentiation at multiple levels, in particular in muscle-related phenotypes, highland and lowland populations show shallow genomic divergence and the colonization event occurred within the past few thousand years. In a one-month acclimation experiment investigating phenotypic plasticity, we exposed adult lowland tree sparrows to a hypoxic environment and did not observe muscle changes. Through population genetic analyses, we identified a signature of polygenic adaptation, whereby shifts in allele frequencies are spread across multiple loci, many of which are associated with muscle-related processes. Our results reveal a case of positive selection in which polygenic adaptation appears to drive rapid phenotypic evolution, shedding light on early stages of adaptive evolution to a novel environment.     

自然资源要素综合观测指标体系探讨

为了实现自然资源的规范管理和高效利用,需要对其要素进行长期、连续、稳定的综合观测,从而获得相关的基础数据,掌握资源种类、数量、质量和资源间相互作用过程信息。由于目前中国没有形成统一的自然资源观测指标体系,导致不同区域间资源观测和管理存在差异,使得国家尺度上对自然资源的规范化管理和合理利用难以实现。因此,亟需构建一套适用于国家尺度、科学、系统、规范的自然资源要素综合观测指标体系。本文以解决认识自然生态变化规律、预判发展趋势的基础数据支撑能力不足问题为出发点,参考国内外现有观测（监测）指标体系,确立了自然资源要素综合观测指标体系建立和选取的基本原则;在自然资源要素分类的基础上,采用正、反演相结合、模块化等构建方法,建立了由36个归类模块、6个资源要素综合观测系统和若干个赋能模块构成的自然资源要素综合观测指标体系。通过建立大气-地表-地下多层次,个体-景观-区域多尺度的立体化综合观测网,获取自然资源要素数据,以期实现对自然资源的精细化管理、评价和利用。     

校企合作中高校如何避免人才流失

随着社会的发展,知识和经济结合得越来越紧密。象征实现学术抱负和追求经济效益的高度统一体的多种校企合作模式就是两者紧密结合的产物。高校和企业通过校企合作达到各自的目标,但是日益严重的高校人才流失阻止了校企的进一步合作,并给高校带来了严重的损失。本文分析了人才流失给高校带来的损失,高校人才的去向,高校人才流向企业的原因,并提出了两种解决方案。要达到在一个长时间段内保持低水平的人才流失率,高校需双管齐下。