Measures of Teachers' Workload

The measurement of teachers' workload has till now been subjective. Teachers feel that they have a great responsibility to their pupils and to society and their workload heavy, while non-teachers may have different views. This debate occurs even amongst teachers teaching different subjects and levels in a school as well as amongst teachers in different schools. A comparison of teachers' workload in different countries is also particularly difficult because of different class sizes, curriculum time, etc. It is therefore essential to provide a quantitative and objective measure for evaluating teachers' workload. This measure can then be used as a reference by school principals when allocating extra duties to teachers. It is also useful to education authorities when deploying teachers to various schools in centralized education systems.     

浅谈土钉墙的内部整体稳定性

本文对《建筑基坑支护技术规程》(JGJ120-99)和《基坑土钉支护技术规程》(CECS96:97)中有关土钉支护设计的计算方法,从土钉墙的内部整体稳定性分析这一个方面进行分析和比较,并给出了这两种规程的相对安全水平。     

习近平青年工作思想对高校辅导员专业化的指导价值

党的十八大以来,习近平总书记围绕青年和青年工作的重大理论和实践问题,进行了全面系统的战略谋划和决策部署,为做好新时代青年工作提供了价值导向、理论指引和方法路径。高校辅导员应遵循高校思想政治工作革新,把握贯彻习近平青年工作思想,顺应青年工作的"事""时""势",从增强职业认同、理顺职业角色、提升职业素养、提高职业能力和提高思政工作亲和力等方面,提升高校思想政治工作育人成效。     

Job Crafting and Identity in Low-Grade Work: How Hospital Porters Redefine the Value of their Work and Expertise

Over 25 years ago, Brown and Duguid (Organisation Science, 2(1), 40–57, 1991) highlighted the differences between the way organisations formally describe and delineate jobs and the actual practices of their employees. This paper combines ideas from their seminal contribution with theories of ‘job crafting’ and identity to examine the agentic behaviour of employees in low-grade, ‘dirty work’ as they utilise their expertise and practices to (re)frame their occupational identities and challenge their prescribed job boundaries. The evidence for the paper comes from a qualitative study of hospital porters in the UK’s National Health Service. It argues that this combined theoretical approach provides a potential research and employment framework to challenge the abstracted and stereotypical conceptions of the expertise related to low-grade jobs.     

浅议现代企业财务主管的角色转变

本文分析了随着现代企业制度的发展,财务主管在现代企业制度发展过程中角色的重要性以及其内涵的发展变化。     

反思五个方面 落实“三个代表”—在学校落实“三个代表”的一点想法

党中央提出,用两年左右的时间在乡镇一级开展"三个代表"的学习教育活动,如果学校--最基层的教育实体能借此东风,自觉认真地进行反思,解决好多年来沉积下来的种种问题,将是一个难得的机会.学校如何落实"三个代表"的重要思想,笔者认为,领导带头,进行如下五个方面的反思,是极为重要的.     

农村义务教育均衡发展需要充分发挥政府调控职能

促进农村义务教育均衡发展是政府的法定义务，各级政府应依法履行义务，明确自己的责任，建立严格的财政转移支付制度，完善农村义务教育经费的投入体制，发挥政府的调控职能，多渠道筹措教育经费，加强边远农村中小学建设，改革农村中小学人事和工资制度，保障农村基础教育均衡发展。只有真正解决了农村教育的经费投入和师资队伍建设问题．农村教育才可能步入均衡发展的轨道。     

转变教育思想深化实验教学改革

实验教学是全面实现人才培养目标的一个重要环节,必须转变教育思想,改革实验教学体系、实验教学方法,发挥实验室三大功能(教学、科研、社会服务),以利于培养创新型人才。     

营养胁迫下枝梗颖花分化、退化与生理性状的相关

在营养胁迫下,发现水稻穗部枝梗和颖花一些主要生理性状,如N、P、K、叶和鞘、可溶性糖、叶绿素等都存在极显著的遗传差异,表明它们分别受到不同的基因型控制。但枝梗和颖花的分化,除了与P和主茎干物重/分蘖干物重,有显著和极显著的正遗传相关外,与其它生理性状都没有达到显著遗传相关性,但如果不考虑相关显著,仅考虑它们的相关系数的大小,显然是P>N>K,这与一般理论不相符。穗部的枝梗及颖花退化数,与所有这些生理性状均无遗传相关性。为了解释这一试验结果,我们提出了关于水稻幼穗枝梗颖花分化发育过程中,对植株体内或土壤中N、P和K因需求量不同,而引起的反应强度和敏感性不同的假说。     

一种流媒体Caching策略

It is expected that by 2003 continuous media will account for more than 50% of the data available on origin servers, this will provoke a significant change in Internet workload. Due to the high bandwidth requirements and the long-lived nature of digital video, streaming server loads and network bandwidths are proven to be major limiting factors. Aiming at the characteristics of broadband network in residential areas, this paper proposes a popularity-based server-proxy caching strategy for streaming media. According to a streaming media popularity on streaming server and proxy, this strategy caches the content of the streaming media partially or completely. The paper also proposes two formulas that calculate the popularity coefficient of a streaming media on server and proxy, and caching replacement policy. As expected, this strategy decreases the server load, reduces the traffic from streaming server to proxy, and improves client start-up latency.