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791.
“免疫”一节教学中,以人体对水痘病毒的免疫反应为例,突破细胞免疫过程的教学难点;以两个知识整理表格的填写,帮助学生理解非特异性免疫和特异性免疫的概念和区别;引入生活情景及讨论免疫与传染的关系,使学生认识分析事物的能力得到培养。 相似文献
792.
This paper considers Judith Butler’s discussion of the intersections between governmentality and sovereign power in Precarious life: the powers of mourning and violence. We consider this interrelationship with a view to considering how this might enable us to expand our understanding of contemporary discourses governing young people within and outside Australia. In particular we focus on the production of groups of young people, such as those classified as ‘illegal immigrants’ who may be situated outside the frame of ‘public good’ or the ‘private interest’. This enables for a theorisation of the lives of groups of young people who may ‘have no definitive prospect for a re‐entry into the political fabric of life, even as one’s situation is highly, if not fatally, politicized’. It is questionable whether the Foucauldian notion of governmentality gives sufficient account of the lives of these young people whose conduct is effectively considered irrelevant by the State. As educators, it is arguable that we have an ethical imperative to encourage our students to care for themselves, and for others, especially those others whose lives have been ‘fatally politicized’. 相似文献
793.
This paper uses an auto‐ethnographic storytelling approach to connect an individual’s experience in leadership with the literature on women in leadership as a way of further exposing and understanding gendered organisational practices. Whilst the paper details only one women’s experience it was through the connection to the literature that most ‘sense making’ occurred and a realisation (on the part of one of the authors) that the experience was not unique or individualised but, rather, systematic of masculine, gendered, organisational cultures. The paper offers some ‘strategies for survival’ for other women who may find themselves in similar situations. It concludes with a call for programmes and strategies to bring about fundamental change. Although the setting is the higher education sector in Australia the paper’s findings and recommendations have much broader applicability. 相似文献
794.
大学通识教育若干问题的思考 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
文章讨论了大学通识教育应具备的基本特征、通识教育课程的目标和性质、大学实施通识教育的实践模式及其不足,在此基础上,提出了加强大学通识教育和通识教育课程建设的一些思考。 相似文献
795.
应用型本科电类专业实践教学改革的探索 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
本文在分析我国应用型人才培养中存在问题的基础上,以我校电类专业实践教学环节的教学改革和研究为例,力图探索应用型本科专业人才培养的有效途径和方法,构建能有效训练学生分析、设计、应用、创新能力的实践性教学体系。 相似文献
796.
Niki Davis Christina Preston Ismail Sahin 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2009,40(1):135-148
This paper is one of a pair that re-examines the evidence from a national initiative to train all teachers in England to bring them up to the level of newly qualified teachers, who are required to know when to use and when not to use information and communication technologies (ICT) in their professional practice. Reanalysis of data gathered for the 2004 evaluation uncovers the complexity of such professional development. The effectiveness of contrasting approaches to ICT-related teacher training was analysed using the national survey of 496 trainees and experts' reports on 11 of the 47 training providers. multilevel evaluation of professional development was shown to be robust for ICT teacher training, including a significant correlation between the views of experts and those of teachers. The presence of the middle level of 'organisational support and change' emerged as a particularly discriminating factor, indicating that higher-quality teacher training supports change in the classroom and in the school. Therefore, we recommend that all five of Guskey's levels be consistently adopted for the evaluation of ICT teacher training, and that research should also adopt a multilevel model. A second paper delves deeper to describe and contrast the highest and lowest-rated approaches to ICT teacher training. 相似文献
797.
Rui Chen Shao-hong Lu Qun-bo Tong Di Lou Dong-yan Shi Bing-bing Jia Guo-ping Huang Jin-fu Wang 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(7):512-521
The dense granule protein 4 (GRA4) is a granular protein from Toxoplasma gondii, and is a candidate for vaccination against this parasite. In this study, the plasmid pcDNA3.1-GRA4 (pGRA4), encoding for
the GRA4 antigen, was incorporated by the dehydration-rehydration method into liposomes composed of 16 mmol/L egg phosphatidylcholine
(PC), 8 mmol/L dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), and 4 mmol/L 1,2-diodeoyl-3-(trimethylammonium) propane (DOTAP).
C57BL/6 mice and BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly three times with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 to determine whether
DNA immunization could elicit a protective immune response to T. gondii. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of sera from immunized mice showed that liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 generated
high levels of IgG antibodies to GRA4. Production of primary interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-2 in GRA4-stimulated
splenocytes from vaccinated mice suggested a modulated Th1-type response. 72.7% of C57BL/6 mice immunized with liposome-encapsulated
pGRA4 survived the challenge with 80 tissue cysts of ME49 strain, whereas C57BL/6 mice immunized with pGRA4 had only a survival
rate of 54.5%. When immunized BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally challenged with 103 tachyzoites of the highly virulent RH strain, the survival time of mice immunized with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 was markedly
longer than that of other groups. Our observations show that liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 enhanced the protective effect against
infection of T. gondii.
Project supported by the Science Foundation of the Health Bureau of Zhejiang Province, China (Nos. 2003QN003 and 2005A001)
and the Science Foundation of the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province, China (No. 2006C13022) 相似文献
798.
外贸英语函电句式的选择与语用理据分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
外贸英语函电的撰写过程就是通过一种语言文字转换为另一种语言文字来实现商务交际意图的过程,而英语中每一种句式都有各自不同语际功能、起到不同的语用价值.因此从语用的角度正确理解和掌握英语句式并在外贸英语函电中根据不同的交际需要选择应用不同的英语句式. 相似文献
799.
企业战略是企业面对激烈的市场变化、严峻的竞争与挑战的环境,为谋求长期生存和不断发展而制定的整体性、长远性、基本性和谋略性的总体性谋划.企业发展的核心竞争力取决于企业的创新优势和竞争能力. 相似文献
800.
Kathleen Ann McKibbon Nancy Lou Wilczynski Robert Brian Haynes for the Hedges Team 《Health information and libraries journal》2009,26(3):187-202
Background: People search medline for trials of healthcare interventions for clinical decisions, or to produce systematic reviews, practice guidelines, or technology assessments. Finding all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with little extraneous material is challenging. Objective: To provide comparative data on the operating characteristics of search filters designed to retrieve RCTs from medline . Methods: We identified 38 filters. The testing database comprises handsearching data from 161 clinical journals indexed in medline . Sensitivity, specificity and precision were calculated. Results: The number of terms and operating characteristics varied considerably. Comparing the retrieval against the single term ‘randomized controlled trials.pt.’ (sensitivity for retrieving RCTs, 93.7%), 24 of 38 filters had statistically higher sensitivity; 6 had a sensitivity of at least 99.0%. Four other filters had specificities (non retrieval of non‐RCTs) that were statistically not different or better than the single term (97.6%). Precision was poor: only two filters had precision (proportion of retrieved articles that were RCTs) statistically similar to that of the single term (56.4%)—all others were lower. Filters with more search terms often had lower specificity, especially at high sensitivities. Conclusion: Many RCT filters exist (n = 38). These comparative data can direct the choice of an RCT filter. 相似文献