Young people,education and unlawful non‐citizenship: spectral sovereignty and governmentality in Australia

This paper considers Judith Butler’s discussion of the intersections between governmentality and sovereign power in Precarious life: the powers of mourning and violence. We consider this interrelationship with a view to considering how this might enable us to expand our understanding of contemporary discourses governing young people within and outside Australia. In particular we focus on the production of groups of young people, such as those classified as ‘illegal immigrants’ who may be situated outside the frame of ‘public good’ or the ‘private interest’. This enables for a theorisation of the lives of groups of young people who may ‘have no definitive prospect for a re‐entry into the political fabric of life, even as one’s situation is highly, if not fatally, politicized’. It is questionable whether the Foucauldian notion of governmentality gives sufficient account of the lives of these young people whose conduct is effectively considered irrelevant by the State. As educators, it is arguable that we have an ethical imperative to encourage our students to care for themselves, and for others, especially those others whose lives have been ‘fatally politicized’.     

体验学习圈:体验与学习发生的过程机制

大卫·库伯教授在20世纪80年代提出的体验学习圈模型将体验学习过程分为四个连续循环的阶段,即具体体验、反思观察、抽象概括和行动应用.剖析体验学习圈,发现体验学习具有经验获得及意义转换的内在机制.体验学习圈可以启发教学者去"追踪"学习者的学习历程,为基础教育课程改革中体验学习的有效实施提供参考.     

Protective effect of DNA-mediated immunization with liposome-encapsulated GRA4 against infection of Toxoplasma gondii

The dense granule protein 4 (GRA4) is a granular protein from Toxoplasma gondii, and is a candidate for vaccination against this parasite. In this study, the plasmid pcDNA3.1-GRA4 (pGRA4), encoding for the GRA4 antigen, was incorporated by the dehydration-rehydration method into liposomes composed of 16 mmol/L egg phosphatidylcholine (PC), 8 mmol/L dioleoyl phosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE), and 4 mmol/L 1,2-diodeoyl-3-(trimethylammonium) propane (DOTAP). C57BL/6 mice and BALB/c mice were immunized intramuscularly three times with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 to determine whether DNA immunization could elicit a protective immune response to T. gondii. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) of sera from immunized mice showed that liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 generated high levels of IgG antibodies to GRA4. Production of primary interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-2 in GRA4-stimulated splenocytes from vaccinated mice suggested a modulated Th1-type response. 72.7% of C57BL/6 mice immunized with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 survived the challenge with 80 tissue cysts of ME49 strain, whereas C57BL/6 mice immunized with pGRA4 had only a survival rate of 54.5%. When immunized BALB/c mice were intraperitoneally challenged with 10³ tachyzoites of the highly virulent RH strain, the survival time of mice immunized with liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 was markedly longer than that of other groups. Our observations show that liposome-encapsulated pGRA4 enhanced the protective effect against infection of T. gondii. Project supported by the Science Foundation of the Health Bureau of Zhejiang Province, China (Nos. 2003QN003 and 2005A001) and the Science Foundation of the Science and Technology Department of Zhejiang Province, China (No. 2006C13022)     

外贸英语函电句式的选择与语用理据分析

外贸英语函电的撰写过程就是通过一种语言文字转换为另一种语言文字来实现商务交际意图的过程,而英语中每一种句式都有各自不同语际功能、起到不同的语用价值.因此从语用的角度正确理解和掌握英语句式并在外贸英语函电中根据不同的交际需要选择应用不同的英语句式.     

上海印刷业可持续发展战略研究(一)--上海印刷行业国有企业实例分析

企业战略是企业面对激烈的市场变化、严峻的竞争与挑战的环境,为谋求长期生存和不断发展而制定的整体性、长远性、基本性和谋略性的总体性谋划.企业发展的核心竞争力取决于企业的创新优势和竞争能力.     

Retrieving randomized controlled trials from medline: a comparison of 38 published search filters

Background: People search medline for trials of healthcare interventions for clinical decisions, or to produce systematic reviews, practice guidelines, or technology assessments. Finding all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with little extraneous material is challenging. Objective: To provide comparative data on the operating characteristics of search filters designed to retrieve RCTs from medline . Methods: We identified 38 filters. The testing database comprises handsearching data from 161 clinical journals indexed in medline . Sensitivity, specificity and precision were calculated. Results: The number of terms and operating characteristics varied considerably. Comparing the retrieval against the single term ‘randomized controlled trials.pt.’ (sensitivity for retrieving RCTs, 93.7%), 24 of 38 filters had statistically higher sensitivity; 6 had a sensitivity of at least 99.0%. Four other filters had specificities (non retrieval of non‐RCTs) that were statistically not different or better than the single term (97.6%). Precision was poor: only two filters had precision (proportion of retrieved articles that were RCTs) statistically similar to that of the single term (56.4%)—all others were lower. Filters with more search terms often had lower specificity, especially at high sensitivities. Conclusion: Many RCT filters exist (n = 38). These comparative data can direct the choice of an RCT filter.     

论日本近年来的汉籍出版与研究

在对汉籍的定义进行考察,并扼要介绍日本汉籍庋藏机构的基础上,重点从6个方面论述近年来日本汉籍出版与研究的情况：数量众多的汉籍目录索引和解题的出版;对中国学者的学术成果的译介;汉籍整理的专题化和细化;珍稀善本的影印;图录的出版;汉籍书店的发达。最后指出对国内相关研究的启示。     

一类非共振四阶椭圆方程解的存在性

本文利用山路引理讨论了空间E=H2（Ω）∩H0（Ω）中一类非共振四阶椭圆方程在（C）条件下非平凡解的存在性问题。     

高校图书馆与竞争情报服务

阐述了高校图书馆开展竞争情报服务的优势与不足以及途径,并对高校图书馆开展竞争情报服务作了展望。     

中国人体育认知的发展变化对体育教育影响的探析

不同时代的人对体育有着不同的解读,但每一次体育认知的发展变化都会对体育教育产生重大影响,研究中国人的体育认知发展变化对体育教育的影响可以帮助我们更清晰地了解中国体育教育的发展道路,把握它的发展方向。