Ensuring Content‐Area Learning by Secondary Students with Learning Disabilities

Three factors tied with secondary student success in content‐area reading are demonstrated: (a) validated teacher‐focused and student‐focused interventions, (b) integrated and comprehensive service delivery systems, and (c) well‐designed, data‐based professional developmental programs. Difficult challenges face secondary students with LD and their teachers with regard to these students’ participation and success in required general education classes. Recently, instructional methods and materials have been developed and validated for promoting these students’ success. Some of them focus on how general education teachers plan and teach their content‐area courses; others focus on giving students the strategies they need to respond independently to the demands of their courses. This article describes these instructional methods, a service‐delivery model for implementing these interventions in secondary schools, and professional‐development mechanisms and administrative support that must be in place for the model to be maintained effectively.     

台球直线球教学中常见的错误分析及纠正方法

对台球直线球教学中常见的错误动作进行了深刻地分析,并根据直线球的技术特点提出了纠正错误动作的方法和应注意的问题.     

A comparison of the anthropometric, strength, endurance and flexibility characteristics of female elite and recreational climbers and non-climbers.

There is limited information on the anthropometry, strength, endurance and flexibility of female rock climbers. The aim of this study was to compare these characteristics in three groups of females: Group 1 comprised 10 elite climbers aged 31.3 +/- 5.0 years (mean +/- s) who had led to a standard of 'hard very severe'; Group 2 consisted of 10 recreational climbers aged 24.1 +/- 4.0 years who had led to a standard of 'severe'; and Group 3 comprised 10 physically active individuals aged 28.5 +/- 5.0 years who had not previously rock-climbed. The tests included finger strength (grip strength, finger strength measured on climbing-specific apparatus), flexibility, bent arm hang and pull-ups. Regression procedures (analysis of covariance) were used to examine the influence of body mass, leg length, height and age. For finger strength, the elite climbers recorded significantly higher values (P < 0.05) than the recreational climbers and non-climbers (four fingers, right hand: elite 321 +/- 18 N, recreational 251 +/- 14 N, non-climbers 256 +/- 15 N; four fingers, left hand: elite 307 +/- 14 N, recreational 248 +/- 12 N, non-climbers 243 +/- 11 N). For grip strength of the right hand, the elite climbers recorded significantly higher values than the recreational climbers only (elite 338 +/- 12 N, recreational 289 +/- 10 N, non-climbers 307 +/- 11 N). The results suggest that elite climbers have greater finger strength than recreational climbers and non-climbers.     

递增负荷运动过程中ER、PR水平的变化及其与性腺类固醇的关系

低性腺类固醇水平是AMi的重要特征之一.为了探讨低性激素环境下ER（雌激素受体）、PR（孕激素受体）的变化特点及激素与受体间的相互影响作用关系，并探讨其在运动性月经失调中的作用机制，本研究对递增负荷运动过程中及4个恢复期后，大鼠子宫和卵巢ER、PR及血清E2、P水平的变化进行了连续监测.结果显示，血清E2、P随运动负荷量的加大而逐渐降低，组织ER、PR水平随运动负荷量的加大呈渐进性升高.受体水平在停训后的恢复期内随着E2、P水平的回升，逐渐回落.结果表明，运动中受体水平的变化可能为非激素依赖性升高，这种升高或许是机体对长期运动训练造成的低性激素环境的一种适应性反应，可能是AMI病理机制过程的重要一环.恢复期受体水平的恢复与E2水平的升高具有直接关系。     

如何提高高职高专非英语专业学生的英语写作和翻译水平

分析了本校学生参加的云南省高校专科英语考试的成绩,认为非英语专业学生的写作和翻译能力低下的主要原因是学生对英语的重要性认识不足,学生的学习动机缺乏,学生的英语语法知识薄弱以及学生的词汇与短语的记忆不牢固。并论述了如何提高学生的这两方面的能力。     

Publisher and author partnerships: a changing landscape

This article discusses the changing relationships of authors and publishers, the current trends and challenges they face, and the direction of these relationships in the future. As the STM publishing industry finds itself in the midst of significant technological and economic changes, this article provides background to these changes and looks at the key elements, including open access business development, institutional repository trends, and emerging public financing policies in the future.