Standard Error of Measurement

The standard error of measurement (SEM) is the standard deviation of errors of measurement that are associated with test scores from a particular group of examinees. When used to calculate confidence bands around obtained test scores, it can be helpful in expressing the unreliability of individual test scores in an understandable way. Score bands can also be used to interpret intraindividual and interindividual score differences. Interpreters should be wary of over-interpretation when using approximations for correctly calculated score bands. It is recommended that SEMs at various score levels be used in calculating score bands rather than a single SEM value.     

The Concept of Inclusive Education: Teacher Training and Acquisition of English Language in the Hearing Impaired

Three languages are widely used in schools in Kenya – English, Kiswahili and Kenya Sign Language. Many pupils with hearing impairments are taught separately from the mainstream, in specialist settings. The fact that most of the formal teaching, assessment and examination processes in Kenyan schools rely upon spoken and written English compounds the separation of these pupils from the mainstream of education and, potentially, from the mainstream of society. In this article, Gertrude Wamae, graduate assistant in the Department of English and Linguistics at Kenyatta University, and Rachael Kang'ethe-Kamau, lecturer in the Department of Special Education at Kenyatta University, discuss the relationships between language, hearing impairment and inclusion in the Kenyan context. The article suggests that the use of signed exact English would enhance opportunities for inclusion for those with hearing impairments and that programmes of teacher training need to take account of persuasive research in this area. The article closes with a plea for further research, carried out collaboratively by educationalists, linguists, teacher trainers and practitioners, to develop policies and practices suited to more inclusive futures. The article is based on a paper presented to the International Conference on Inclusive Education run by Maseno University in September 2002.     

青年男子排球运动员弹跳力模型

弹跳力是排球运动员的一项最重要的专项素质,为了探索发展青年男子排球运动员弹跳力的有效途径,以四川、重庆青年男子排球运动员为研究对象,对他们有关弹跳力的多种因素进行了相关、多元分析,进而制定出发展弹跳力的回归模型,为青年男子排球运动员弹跳力提供一个模型标准和参考.     

论现代体育科学研究方法论的几个特征

运用文献资料法、理性分析法,根据当代体育科学发展的特点和要求,对现代体育科学方法进行了初步的归类、特征分析,认为现代体育科学研究方法论的基本特征为:1)研究方法的多样化、综合化;2)辨证思维与实验研究成为方法学的两大主流;3)定量化趋势加强,科研设备仪器不断更新;4)研究方法的学科化;5)比较研究受到了一定的重视.并提出了选用方法时的几个要求.