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排序方式: 共有108条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
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This study contributes to social studies of imaging and visualization practices within scientific and medical settings. The focus is on practices in radiology, which are bound up with visual records known as radiographs. The study addresses work following the introduction of a new imaging technology, tomosynthesis. Since it was a novel technology, there was limited knowledge of how to correctly analyse tomosynthesis images. To address this problem, a collective review session was arranged. The purpose of the present study was to uncover the practical work that took place during that session and to show how, and on what basis, new methods, interpretations and understandings were being generated. The analysis displays how the diagnostic work on patients' bodies was grounded in two sets of technologically produced renderings. This shows how expertise is not simply a matter of providing correct explanations, but also involves discovery work in which visual renderings are made transparent. Furthermore, the results point to how the disciplinary knowledge is intertwined with timely actions, which in turn, partly rely on established practices of manipulating and comparing images. The embodied and situated reasoning that enabled radiologists to discern objects in the images thus display expertise as inherently practical and domain-specific. 相似文献
74.
Monitoring cellular bioenergetic pathways provides the basis for a detailed understanding of the physiological state of a cell culture. Therefore, it is widely used as a tool amongst others in the field of in vitro toxicology. The resulting metabolic information allows for performing in vitro toxicology assays for assessing drug-induced toxicity. In this study, we demonstrate the value of a microsystem for the fully automated detection of drug-induced changes in cellular viability by continuous monitoring of the metabolic activity over several days. To this end, glucose consumption and lactate secretion of a hepatic tumor cell line were continuously measured using microfluidically addressed electrochemical sensors. Adapting enzyme-based electrochemical flat-plate sensors, originally designed for human whole-blood samples, to their use with cell culture medium supersedes the common manual and laborious colorimetric assays and off-line operated external measurement systems. The cells were exposed to different concentrations of the mitochondrial inhibitor rotenone and the cellular response was analyzed by detecting changes in the rates of the glucose and lactate metabolism. Thus, the system provides real-time information on drug-induced liver injury in vitro. 相似文献
75.
Lena Pareto Magnus Haake Paulina Lindstr?m Bj?rn Sj?dén Agneta Gulz 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2012,60(5):723-751
This paper presents an educational game in mathematics based on an apprenticeship model using a teachable agent, as well as an evaluative study of how the game affects (1) conceptual understanding and (2) attitudes towards mathematics. In addition, we discuss how collaborative and competitive affordances of the game may affect understanding and motivation. 19 students played the game in pairs once a week during math lessons for 7?weeks (the game-playing group) while another 19 students followed the regular curriculum (the control group). Math comprehension scores increased significantly for the game-playing group but not the control group (p?<?0.05). However, there was no significant difference in attitude change between the two groups. Post hoc analyses indicated that game-playing primarily affected students?? confidence in explaining math to a peer, but not their enjoyment of doing so. Collaborative and competitive activities seem to carry a strong motivational influence for students to play the game. 相似文献
76.
Thomas Menkhoff Magnus Lars Bengtsson 《Educational Research for Policy and Practice》2012,11(3):225-242
This evaluative?Cexploratory case study reports pedagogical experiences with using mobiles phones, wikis, and other mobile learning approaches such as podcasts and walking tours as educational tools in the context of an undergraduate course on Chinese Entrepreneurship and Asian Business Networks taught at a university in Singapore. Conceptualized as mobile learning, the paper argues that information and communication technologies (ICT) devices used by Gen Y students as part of their everyday life such as hand phones in combination with social media platforms such as course wikis and other proven pedagogical methods such as mini lectures, field visits, and walking tours can greatly enrich learners?? experience and produce valuable learning outcomes on the basis of blended learning provided their usage is easy and effectively integrated into the respective instructional strategy. 相似文献
77.
Magnus Hultén 《课程研究杂志》2013,45(6):790-813
The article examines the stability and success of ideas within pedagogical discourses. Why do certain ideas attract actors and how does change come about? These general questions are dealt with through considering the example of the swift spread of an interdisciplinary idea, arbetsområde (translated to ‘spheres of work’) in the process of a Swedish national curriculum reform 1966–1967. How did it manage to become such a central concept in the curriculum? The article uses the concept of the boundary object in order to understand the popularity of the ‘spheres of work’ concept. Boundary objects have normally been used to explain the rigidity of science, and how the heterogeneity of different actors normally involved in the production of scientific knowledge can be coordinated and result in generalizable findings. However, lately, they have been applied to the field of curriculum studies. In this study, a boundary object pinpoints the fact that curricular solutions can be about coordinating different types of actors with different stakes in the making of a curriculum. 相似文献
78.
Magnus Dencker Ola Thorsson Magnus K. Karlsson Christian Lindén Per Wollmer L. B. Andersen 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(13):1397-1402
Abstract Maximal oxygen uptake ([Vdot]O2max) is considered the optimal method to assess aerobic fitness. The measurement of [Vdot]O2max, however, requires special equipment and training. Maximal exercise testing with determination of maximal power output offers a more simple approach. This study explores the relationship between [Vdot]O2max and maximal power output in 247 children (139 boys and 108 girls) aged 7.9–11.1 years. Maximal oxygen uptake was measured by indirect calorimetry during a maximal ergometer exercise test with an initial workload of 30 W and 15 W · min?1 increments. Maximal power output was also measured. A sample (n = 124) was used to calculate reference equations, which were then validated using another sample (n = 123). The linear reference equation for both sexes combined was: [Vdot]O2max (ml · min?1) = 96 + 10.6 · maximal power + 3.5 · body mass. Using this reference equation, estimated [Vdot]O2max per unit of body mass (ml · min?1 · kg?1) calculated from maximal power correlated closely with the direct measurement of [Vdot]O2max (r = 0.91, P <0.001). Bland-Altman analysis gave a mean limits of agreement of 0.2±2.9 (ml · min?1 · kg?1) (1 s). Our results suggest that maximal power output serves as a good surrogate measurement for [Vdot]O2max in population studies of children aged 8–11 years. 相似文献
79.
Magnus Lindwall Antonio Palmeira 《Measurement in physical education and exercise science》2013,17(3):166-179
The present study investigated the factorial validity and factorial invariance of the 21-item Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised using 162 Swedish and 269 Portuguese exercisers. In addition, the prevalence of exercise dependence symptoms and links to exercise behavior, gender, and age in the two samples was also studied. Confirmatory factor analyses demonstrated that the hypothesized 7-factor model made a good fit to data in both samples. Multi-sample analyses supported partial measurement invariance across the samples; only factor loadings involving items 3 and 19 were noninvariant. The “Reduction in Other Activities” and “Lack of Control” factors were the most problematic scales in terms of average variance explained and reliability measures of weighted omega and Cronbach's alpha. In total, 9.2% of the Swedish sample and 5.2% of the Portuguese sample were classified as at risk for exercise dependence. Overall, the results support the factorial validity of the translated Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised in samples outside North-America, although more research is needed. 相似文献
80.
Temporal pattern analysis and its applicability in sport: an explanation and exemplar data 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Quantitative analysis of sports performance has been shown to produce information that coaches can use within the coaching process to enhance performance. Traditional methods for quantifying sport performances are limited in their capacity to describe the complex interactions of events that occur within a performance over time. In this paper, we outline a new approach to the analysis of time-based event records and real-time behaviour records on sport performance known as T-pattern detection. The relevant elements of the T-pattern detection process are explained and exemplar data from the analysis of 13 soccer matches are presented to highlight the potential of this form of analysis. The results from soccer suggest that it is possible to identify new profiles for both individuals and teams based on the analysis of temporal behavioural patterns detected within the performances. 相似文献