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151.
Jayanti Mania-Pramanik B. N. Mali Rashmi S. Shah U. M. Donde 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1999,14(2):229-236
Lactoferrin, an iron-binding protein, has been proposed to act as an anti-infective agent and has been used as a diagnostic
marker in several inflammatory disorders. A sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay developed earlier was used for lactoferrin
estimation in cervical mucus. A brief study was undertaken to observe if lactoferrin is detectable in cervical mucus and to
correlate its level with reproductive tract infection, if present. One hundred and twelve cervical mucus samples were collected
from healthy as well as infected females. Some of these females were using CuT-200 intrauterine copper devices for contraception.
Women were at different phases of their menstrual cycle. The presence of detectable amount of lactoferrin in cervical mucus
was confirmed. The average level of lactoferrin in cases either with clinical symptoms of cervicitis or with proven infection
by PAP smear was significantly (t=7.6, P<0.01) higher than the normal controls. CuT users have higher (P<0.01) mean level
of lactoferrin than corresponding non-users. 相似文献
152.
Fatma S Qasem Ahlam A Mustafa Nafeesa A Kazem Nasra M Shah 《Child abuse & neglect》1998,22(12):1189-1202
Objective: The major aim was to describe parental attitudes to physical punishments and examine their sociodemographic correlates. A related aim was to assess the association of parents’ own experience of physical punishment with attitudes to punishment of children.Method: A cross-sectional survey was conducted during the second week of December, 1996 in five general clinics covering the major administrative areas of Kuwait: 337 Kuwaiti mothers and fathers with at least one living child were contacted; 95% were successfully interviewed using a structured questionnaire.Results: Eighty-six percent of parents agreed with physical punishment as a means of child disciplining. Agreement with punishment was higher in case of serious misbehaviors such as stealing (63%), sniffing glue and using drugs (77%). Multiple regression results showed that parent’s lower level of education and Bedouin ethnicity were positively associated with agreement on physical punishment. Larger percentages of parents who had experienced physical punishments themselves agreed with such punishment to discipline their children, but this was not statistically significant.Conclusions: In recent years education has become widespread for both sexes. An inverse association between educational level and agreement on physical beating suggest that attitudes to this form of child disciplining are changing. Those with a Bedouin ethnic background still adhere more strictly to the traditional forms of child disciplining including physical beating. There is a need for conducting research on the possible negative psychosocial impacts of physical punishment in view of findings from other countries. 相似文献
153.
Laboratory infarction diagnostics are based on the detection of elevated serum activities of total Creatine Kinase (CK), Creatine
Kinase isoensyme MB, (CKMB), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), isoenzyme forms of LDH and transaminases. Determination of these
cardiac marker enzymes permits a highly sensitive diagnosis of transmural myocardial infarction. In such patients the diagnosis
of acute myocardial infarction can be confirmed by the clinical, symptoms, and changes in the ECG in addition to the enzyme
assays. The 50 AMI patients selected in the present study were those admitted to the ICCU of Shri Krishna Hospital, Karamsad.
The blood samples were taken at the time of admission (ie. within four hours of the start of chest pain). The samples were
analyzed for CK, CKMB, SGOT, (Serum glutamate oxaloactate transaminase) αHBDH α-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase and troponin
T. The serum CKMB activity in AMI showed an increase only 5–6 hours after the commencement of chest pain. The elevation in
SGOT and αHBDH was still delayed. At the same time we could observe that the cardiac Troponin T (cTnT) was elevated at the
time of admission of the patient itself. This increase of cTnT in AMI patients was 20 times higher than the normal blood donors.
The controls included 25 normal blood donors and 25 patients with polytraumatic injuries with no chest contusion. The study
shows that cTnT estimation could serve in the early diagnosis of AMI. The increase of cardiac troponin T in AMI patients was
20 times higher than the normal blood donors in AMI patients at the time of admission. Cardiac troponin T in serum appears
to be a more sensitive indicator of myocardial cell injury than CKMB activity and its detection in the circulation may be
a useful prognostic indicator in patients with unstable angina as well. When the blood of normal blood donors or that of patients
with polytraumatic injury was analysed the troponin T values were well within the normal range in both the above categories
showing that cardiac troponin T is highly specific for heart tissue. Although CKMB and cardiac troponin T are released soon
after the myocardial injury, the release of cardiac troponin T is much earlier than CKMB thereby invalidating the important
role of cardiac troponin T in diagnosing AMI. Cardiac troponin T has been shown to be highly sensitive for cardiac injury
and not elevated in any other trauma, heavy exercise or skeletal muscle injury. Cardiac troponin T is ordinarily undetectable
in healthy individuals, and so its measurement can serve as a powerful tool in the diagnosis of AMI. 相似文献
154.
155.
Mahsood Shah 《Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education》2012,37(6):761-772
External quality audits are now being used in universities across the world to improve quality assurance, accountability for quality education and transparency of public funding of higher education. Some countries such as Australia, New Zealand, United Kingdom, Sweden and Denmark have had external quality audits for more than a decade but there has been limited research as to their impact. This study analyses the extent to which external audits in Australia have improved quality assurance in universities over the past 10 years. The analysis is based on discussions with 40 participants in a workshop on the effectiveness of audits and the review of 60 external quality audit reports between 2001 and December 2010. The research found that while external audits have led to an improvement in systems and processes in Australian universities, they have not necessarily improved the student experience. This lack of impact on the student experience in Australia is similar to other countries, according to the literature review. This study is timely in its analysis on the effectiveness of the current improvement-led audits, as government in Australia is in the process of renewing quality assurance arrangements of higher education institutions with a focus on standards and outcomes. 相似文献
156.
Sonali Shah 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2005,5(3):112-117
The changing British society with new commitments to educational inclusion for disabled people should mean increased individual freedom of choice and greater chance of participation. However, juggling this with the continuing emphasis on education for the economy brings the danger of new forms of social exclusion of those who do have different needs and require additional support to take advantage of opportunities and make informed decisions about their professional futures. This contradiction encourages the deteriorating academic and career-oriented foresight of special schools and the inclusion of all disabled students in mainstream education, without providing enough support to cater for the diversity and differentiation it generates. This paper adds to this debate by reporting on the work in progress of a project funded by the European Social Fund, concerning the educational experiences of a group of young disabled people still in full-time mainstream or special education. It presents some personal accounts of the young people's perceptions of how their educational environment influences their personal aspirations for future careers and post-school choices. This research strives to give a voice to young disabled people, informing policy concerned with young people, education and transitions to work. 相似文献