社会认知视域下的大学生过激行为探析

当前,在大学生群体中存在着以自杀、自残、杀人、伤人为主要表现形式的过激行为,一方面,由于大学生所处的社会背景,包括家庭缺乏民主平等的沟通环境,学校对学生社会认知能力的培养严重不足,社会大环境中网络等媒体充斥不健康的影响因子,等等.另一方面,由于大学生认知特点表现出"自我中心"的心理特征,又正处于自我同一性与角色混乱的心理矛盾期,极易造成认知失调和在社会认知问题上产生归因偏差,最终引发过激行为,因而建立大学生过激行为的预警机制对于建设和谐校园具有重要的现实意义.     

任务结构对大学生英语口语自我修正的影响

该研究以现有自我修正理论为基础建立分析框架,搜集大学生在任务型教学中不同任务结构条件下英语口语产出,来调查任务结构对中国大学生口语产出自我修正的影响。30名英语中下等水平的学生随机从浙江省某一高校抽取,根据图片分别实施两组陈述性任务(一组结构紧凑,一组结构松散),然后将他们的录音转写下来对其自我修正行为分类。研究结果表明,任务结构对大学生英语口语自我修正有显著影响,在结构松散任务中,受试者实施更多的不同修正跟恰当修正,而在结构紧凑任务中实施更多错误修正。这反映了任务结构对说话者造成的认知负担影响其话语监测机制。该研究对英语教学与研究有一定的指导意义。     

英文情书与推销信函中人称的人际功能比较研究

受不同语旨的影响,为满足不同读信人的需求,写信人会对人称资源做出不同选择。英文情书中,第一人称直述,引出话题并引导读信人参与话题;第二人称对读信人产生拉力,能加强写信人与读信人的亲密关系;第三人称虽然较少使用,但丰富了人称意义的多种可能性。英文推销信中,第一人称削弱了写信人的权势地位,表达了写信人以期与读信人进行平等、友好的对话意愿;第二人称使两者实现了面对面的交流;第三人称的指代则使推销信更简洁、客观。     

抒情长诗中的自我救赎——试析电影《悲惨世界》中视听语言的叙事节奏

节奏不仅是事物运动的表现形式,也是一切艺术生命的脉搏.在当代电影艺术创作中,节奏的重要性已开始被人们越来越多的关注.本文以音乐剧电影《悲惨世界》为分析文本,从情节节奏、摄影节奏、声音节奏和剪辑节奏四个方面对其视听语言的叙事节奏加以详细的分析与解读.     

Resolving the amalgam: connecting pedagogical content knowledge,content knowledge and pedagogical knowledge

ABSTRACT

This paper concludes the Special Issue (SI) ‘Probing the Amalgam: the relationship between science teachers’ content, pedagogical and pedagogical content knowledge’. We review the five papers (Sorge et al; Gess-Newsome et al; Kind; Pitjeng-Mosabala and Rollnick; and Liepertz and Bronowski) by discussing evidence these present regarding the relationships between content knowledge (CK), pedagogical knowledge (PK) and pedagogical content knowledge (PCK); the development of CK, PK and PCK in novice and experienced secondary science teachers and how CK, PK and/or PCK impact students’ learning. In conclusion, we draw these findings together in offering proposals for future research via reconsideration of Shulman’s amalgam. This includes post-hoc examination of a PCK model known as ‘the Consensus Model’ (Gess-Newsome, [2015]. A model of teacher professional knowledge and skill including PCK: Results of the thinking from the PCK Summit. In A. Berry, P. J. Friedrichsen, & J. Loughran (Eds.), Re-examining Pedagogical Content Knowledge in Science Education (pp. 28–42). New York, NY: Routledge; Neumann, Kind, & Harms [2018]. Probing the amalgam: The relationship between science teachers’ content, pedagogical and pedagogical content knowledge. International Journal of Science Education, 1–15) and presentation of a novel PCK structure based on evidence from the SI studies.     

Validation of the swimming competence questionnaire for children

ABSTRACT

Two studies were employed to test the reliability and validity of the Swimming Competence Questionnaire (SCQ) among primary school children. Study 1 was a cross-sectional survey in 4959 primary school children. Study 2 was a pre-post-test quasi-experiment among 1609 primary school children who underwent a 20-lesson learn-to-swim programme. In Study 1, exploratory structural equation modelling revealed excellent goodness-of-fit and scale reliability for a two-factor model comprising distance and skill factors, which supported the construct and convergent validity. SCQ scores were significantly and positively correlated with swimming outcomes (i.e., self-efficacy, intention, swimming frequency), which supported SCQ’s concurrent and criterion validity. Average variance extracted for the SCQ factors exceeded cut-off criteria supporting discriminant validity. In Study 2, pre-test SCQ scores correlated significantly and positively with the SCQ scores, self-efficacy, intention, and swimming frequency at post-test, which supported SCQ’s test-retest reliability and predictive validity. Positive intraclass correlation between SCQ scores and coach ratings at post-test provided evidence for SCQ’s inter-rater reliability. SCQ scores significantly improved at post-test, which supported SCQ’s ecological validity. In conclusion, findings indicate that the SCQ is a valid and reliable measure to assess primary school children’s swimming competence, in terms of swimming distance and basic water survival skills.     

SVC bitstream adaptation in MPEG-21 multimedia framework

INTRODUCTION Scalable video coding (SVC) (Schwarz et al., 2004) is the most promising video format for appli- cations of collaborative communication. First, SVC format, which is extended from the latest advanced video coding (AVC), is appropriate for creating a wide variety of bitrates with high compression effi- ciency. Second, an original SVC bitstream can be easily truncated in different ways to meet various characteristics and variations of devices and connec- tions. The scalabil…     

Examining public acquisition of science knowledge from social media in Singapore: an extension of the cognitive mediation model

This study extends the cognitive mediation model (CMM) by examining the role of social media in cultivating public science knowledge. A sample of 901 Singaporeans was collected through an online survey panel. The results showed that the CMM could be applied to a social media context with a focus on science literacy. Specifically, the findings indicated that people with higher levels of surveillance gratification and social utility motivations tended to pay more attention and to elaborate more about science news that they encounter on social media. Likewise, people with greater social utility motivation tended to engage in greater interpersonal discussions on social media. Notably, attention to news on social media had an indirect association with science knowledge through news elaboration and interpersonal discussion on social media. Implications for theory and practice for science communication were discussed.     

欧氏空间中线性变换的注记

就欧氏空间中线性变换的某些问题进行了探讨,获得了一些有意义的结论,从而揭示了线性变换的一些规律.     

基于TQM成人教育教学质量保障体系研究

应用全面质量管理(Total Quality Management,TQM)的理论,尝试性地将TQM的手段和方法应用于成人教育教学质量管理,建立成人教育教学质量保障体系,并对其实现方法进行了初步探讨.