Employers’ support for adult higher education students in liberal post-socialist contexts

In most European countries, the proportion of adult students among both full-time and part-time workers has increased significantly over recent decades. Undertaking paid work is also increasingly common among traditional students. The opportunities to work while studying depend largely on the role of employers in promoting learning. However, both theoretical frameworks and empirical studies typically focus on the behaviour of firms in providing training. The support of employers for formal adult education has remained a marginal topic. The aim of this article is to analyse the contributions of employers to the acquisition of higher education from the perspective of the adult learners; we investigated how employers support their staff in higher education studies. We also tried to identify which kinds of learners have a better chance of receiving various benefits. We used two different data-sets: quantitative data from a study of adult students in higher education and qualitative data from interviews with managers of small- and medium-sized enterprises and at least one employed participant in formal adult education, collected in the framework of the international research project Towards a Lifelong Learning Society in Europe: The Contribution of the Education System supported by the EU Sixth Framework Programme.     

Measuring the returns of R&D—An empirical study of the German manufacturing sector over 45 years

Motivated by recent statistics that show significant growth in labor productivity, this paper seeks to analyze the long-term relationship between domestic R&D, knowledge stock and productivity dynamics. Time series data of the German manufacturing industry is used to estimate a variable cost function with the stock of knowledge being dependent upon current and past R&D spending. The estimates indicate that 50% of the effects of R&D on the knowledge stock appear within 4 years. However, the rate of return on R&D are shown to be drastically declining; recent rates of return on R&D are estimated to have reached an all-time low spanning the last 45 years. Current yields of R&D are only one third compared to the sixties. In conclusion, though the productivity slowdown of the seventies seems to have been overcome, this is not attributed to R&D investments.     

对高校图书馆学科采访馆员工作职责和素质要求的思考

阐述了高校图书馆学科采访馆员的工作职责,并探讨了学科采访馆员应具备的基本素质。     

用Excel2003构建高校学籍管理信息系统的新思路

本文通过Excel2003工作簿内嵌VBA代码构建高校学籍管理信息系统,用一个工作簿能够实现学籍信息的分散管理、迅速汇总、统计分析的功能,有分级管理数据,安全性高等特点,大大提高了目前我校的学籍信息管理的自动化和信息化水平。文中还公布了一些核心功能的源代码,方便共享和交流。     

我国发展电子商务的问题与对策

电子商务在全球领域内蓬勃兴起,加快我国电子商务发展意义重大,本文从电子商务的内涵入手,分析了电子商务的交易流程,结合我国的实际情况,具体分析了我国发展电子的主要困难,并针对存在的困难,提出了应采取的措施。     

中日国家图书馆参考咨询工作之比较

日本国立国会图书馆的前身是1872年成立的帝国图书馆和1890年成立的贵族院、众议院图书馆.第二次世界大战后,该馆以美国国会图书馆为样板,于1948年2月建立,同年6月5日向公众开放.它是日本最高权利机关国会的附属机关,也是日本的国家图书馆.     

A comparative study on the 1898 reform of China and the Meiji Restoration

The authors studied and compared the 1898 Reform of China and the Meiji Restoration in an attempt to determine and show the different characteristics and influence, mainly from three aspects: (1) goal and historical background of the reforms, (2) introduction and features of the Western democratic thought into China and Japan, (3) establishment and guiding ideology of the modern educational system. Project supported by the scientific research foundation of the State Education Ministry for retumed overseas Chinese scholars.     

Binary Interpolative Coding for Effective Index Compression

Information retrieval systems contain large volumes of text, and currently have typical sizes into the gigabyte range. Inverted indexes are one important method for providing search facilities into these collections, but unless compressed require a great deal of space. In this paper we introduce a new method for compressing inverted indexes that yields excellent compression, fast decoding, and exploits clustering—the tendency for words to appear relatively frequently in some parts of the collection and infrequently in others. We also describe two other quite separate applications for the same compression method: representing the MTF list positions generated by the Burrows-Wheeler Block Sorting transformation; and transmitting the codebook for semi-static block-based minimum-redundancy coding.     

篮球教练员、运动员如何巧妙利用规则

通过对部分实用规则的举例分析，找出比赛中随处可能出现的问题(主要是规则方面的问题)及在规则允许的范围内，教练员、运动员应采取的防范措施与应对方法，并以此进一步说明教练员、运动员学习规则与运用规则的重要性，指出了其学习的主要途径。     

现代多媒体与英语教学改革

2004年1月教育部颁发了《大学英语课程教学要求(试行)》,它是我国大学英语教学改革的指导性文件和依据。为了配合该文件的实施,本文从教学理念、教学模式和教学方法3个方面分析和归纳我们采用美国DynEd多媒体教学软件后获得的启示,旨在为推动外语教学改革提供借鉴和参考。