Meme Engineers: children as producers of musical culture

This paper examines the ways in which young children construct and negotiate musical meaning as song-makers in a post-modern consumerist musical world. A critical analysis of the presentation of music in two popular Australian children's television programmes (Play School and Hi-5) and the ways in which such media impact upon children's constructions of music and musical understanding is presented. This analysis provides a context for the examination of tensions that exist between a modernist account of what constitutes musical understanding in the young child, and an account that is cognisant of post-modern aesthetics. The implications of this concerning views of children's musical development and curriculum decision making are discussed and a view of the child as an active agent in the construction of her musical worlds is illustrated through an examination of the musical narratives of a 4-year-old child.     

Leadership of anglophone tropical African universities, 1948–1986

This paper examines comparatively the background and turnover of vice-chancellors and professors at universities in 13 countries: where they studied, how long it took to get promotion and how many high-level academics are leaving for other careers. These factors vary between disciplines as well as between countries. The results have implications for university planning in the less expansive, resource-short 1980s.