Responses to the Negative Emotions of Others by Autistic, Mentally Retarded, and Normal Children

Attention, facial affect, and behavioral responses to adults showing distress, fear, and discomfort were compared for autistic, mentally retarded, and normal children. The normal and mentally retarded children were very attentive to adults in all 3 situations. In contrast, many of the autistic children appeared to ignore or not notice the adults showing these negative affects. As a group, the autistic children looked at the adults less and were much more engaged in toy play than the other children during periods when an adult pretended to be hurt. The autistic children were also less attentive to adults showing fear, although their behavior was not different from the normal children. Few of the children in any group showed much facial affect in response to these situations. The results are discussed in terms of the importance of affect in the social learning experiences of the young child.     

Understanding institutional image

An organization's image is not a clear, concise concept but rather a set of an individual's perceptions about the institution. An educational institution has a multifaceted image that includes academic, social, political, and perhaps stylistic dimensions. We discuss the use of the semantic differential research tool to investigate one institution's image. Specifically, we explore the following questions: (1) What are the differences between the institution's desired image and current image? (2) Do various constituencies view the institution differently? If so, how do alumni perceptions differ from those of current students? Does the institution's internal image differ from its external image?Presented at the Thirty-Second Annual Forum of the Association for Institutional Research, Atlanta, GA, May 10–13, 1992.     

Distance education via the Internet: the student experience

This is the second in a series of papers that describes the use of the Internet on a distance-taught undergraduate Computer Science course (Thomas et al ., 1998). This paper examines students' experience of a large-scale trial in which students were taught using electronic communication exclusively. The paper compares the constitution and experiences of a group of Internet students to those of conventional distance learning students on the same course. Learning styles, background questionnaires, and learning outcomes were used in the comparison of the two groups. The study reveals comparable learning outcomes with no discrimination in grade as the result of using different communication media. The student experience is reported, highlighting the main gains and issues of using the Internet as a communication medium in distance education. This paper also shows that using the Internet in this context can provide students with a worthwhile experience.     

Positive findings for plasma polymer (meth)acrylate thin films in heritage protective applications

Plasma technology is an innovative environmental friendly process that can be an option to the conventional methods for materials’ processing. Nonequilibrium low pressure plasma found efficiency as a nondestructive method for the treatment of different materials, many of them belonging to the cultural heritage, in some proper operations such as: atomic-level cleaning, decontamination, thin film deposition. In the paper, the low pressure nonequilibrium plasma is applied for the deposition of plasma polymer poly(methyl methacrylate-co-ethyl acrylate) P(MMA-co-EtA) thin films on natural aged paper, with the consolidation and protective aim. To verify the plasma polymer applicability for paper protection and consolidation, the film is aged accelerated by UV radiation and the structural and morphological changes are evaluated by FTIR spectroscopy, color/gloss measurement, contact angle and AFM.     

Integrating Computational Thinking into Elementary Science Curriculum: an Examination of Activities that Support Students’ Computational Thinking in the Service of Disciplinary Learning

Journal of Science Education and Technology - Using an example of a grade 3 science unit about population changes during competition for resources, we describe how we integrated computational...     

Befristung von Ersatzkräften; erforderlicher Vertragsinhalt

Erkennt der Gesetzgeber – vor dem Hintergrund einer an strikte Vorgaben geknüpften Planstellen-bewirtschaftung – die Notwendigkeit der Besch?ftigung von Ersatzkr?ften als zul?ssigen Grund für die Befristung von Vertr?gen ausdrücklich an und regelt die dafür ma?gebenden Rahmenbedingungen und Voraussetzungen, reicht es für die wirksame Befristung des Vertrags mit der Ersatzkraft, wenn der Vertrag Bestimmungen darüber enth?lt, für welche Person der Bedienstete als Ersatzkraft aufgenommen wurde.