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141.
A persuasive campaign with elements of propaganda was waged on social media against Hillary Clinton during the 2016 U.S. presidential race, partially through a Russian-financed effort to discredit her. This study analyzed doctored images (memes) posted on Twitter about Clinton during the general election campaign. Through qualitative content analysis, researchers sought to identify whether negative memes reflected socially constructed gender stereotypes. Results show gendered frames used in memes against Clinton were based on female biological/physical traits (weak, ill, unattractive), anti-feminine traits (dishonest, untrustworthy), and negative female politician traits (dictatorial, unqualified) that were incongruent with the perceived role of the presidency. 相似文献
142.
Patrícia Silva António F. Tavares Tiago Silva Mariana Lameiras 《Government Information Quarterly》2019,36(3):469-479
This article explores the determinants of local governments' use of social networking sites. It does so by analysing the relative impact of institutional, political and social determinants, while controlling for the impact of mayors' traits and social characteristics of municipalities on local governments levels of activity on Facebook. Empirically, this article presents a within-case analysis of Portuguese municipalities' activity on social media, aiming to shed light on the strategic use of social media by local governments. A coherent picture associated with politically pro-active local governments emerges from the results: higher levels of social media activity appear in municipalities with more competitive local elections and higher commitment to transparency. Moreover, findings suggest that local governments tend to be concerned with the low levels of voter turnout, potentially resorting to social media as a powerful tool to increase civic engagement and (offline) political participation. Levels of Facebook activity are significantly higher in larger and wealthier municipalities. The results indicate that Facebook official pages of municipalities are part of a larger arsenal of tools to promote political engagement and activity levels signal a propensity to involve citizens pro-actively. 相似文献
143.
Teachers’ Beliefs about Parent and Family Involvement: Rethinking our Family Involvement Paradigm 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This article seeks to provide insights into the role of teacher beliefs about parent and family involvement in supporting or inhibiting parent and family participation in partnerships related to the well being of child and family. The authors aim to offer positive beliefs and strategies for developing nurturing relations between families and schools. 相似文献
144.
Mariana Miras 《Infancia y Aprendizaje》2013,36(54):3-17
ResumenEl artículo, de carácter fundamentalmente divulgativo, presenta y contrasta dos concepciones actuales referentes a la relación que existe entre educación y desarrollo. Se analiza en primer lugar el concepto de desarrollo que ha prevalecido en el ámbito psicológico a lo largo de las últimas décadas, poniendo de relieve sus implicaciones respecto al papel de la educación en este proceso.Se plantea posteriormente como hipótesis alternativa la perspectiva histórico-cultural, generada a partir de los trabajos de Vygotoski y sus colaboradores, perspectiva que define una nueva concepción del desarrollo psicológico y replantea su relación con los procesos educativos. Tras analizar en este sentido el papel de la educación y, más específicamente, de la educación formal o escolarización, se indican algunas cuestiones abiertas que, desde esta perspectiva, requieren hoy en día de mayor esfuerzo investigador. 相似文献
145.
This study investigated the learning experiences, outcomes, and perceptions of graduate students in a collaboration and consultation course focusing on parent-professional partnerships. The course was designed as a teacher preparation model that envisions teachers, school psychologists, and families learning together to build effective partnerships to better student outcomes. Nineteen graduate students seeking a degree in special education or school psychology were provided multiple opportunities to engage in experiences with parents of children with disabilities, including having parents embedded in the course for the entire semester. Data were collected utilizing multiple methods and included a family/professional partnership survey and focus group discussions conducted both pre- and post-course, as well as a Learning Objectives and Activities Survey. Analyses of qualitative and quantitative data indicate a change in students' knowledge, beliefs, dispositions, and experiences of parent-professional partnerships. 相似文献
146.
Sandra Abell Mariana Martini Melissa George 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(11):1095-1109
In a science methods course for elementary education majors, students investigated the phases of the moon for six weeks. The moon investigation emphasized that scientific knowledge: a) is empirically based; b) involves the invention of explanations; and c) is socially embedded. After the moon investigation, students realized that scientists make observations and generate patterns, but failed to recognize that observation could precede or follow theory building. Students could separate the processes of observing from creating explanations in their learning, but did not articulate the role of invention in science. Similarly, students valued the social dimensions of learning, but were unable to apply them to the activity of scientists. Although our teaching was explicit about students' science learning, we did not help them make direct connections between their science learning activities and the nature of science [NOS]. We provide a set of recommendations for making the NOS more explicit in the moon investigation. 相似文献
147.
Belinda J. Hardin Mariana Mereoiu Hsuan-Fang Hung Marisa Roach-Scott 《Early Childhood Education Journal》2009,37(2):93-102
Population changes in the US have created new challenges for service providers responsible for screening, determining eligibility,
and providing appropriate educational services to young English Language Learners (ELLs). Six focus groups (two each) with
administrators, teachers, and parents were conducted in two different locations to investigate the referral, diagnostic evaluation,
and placement of prekindergarten Latino children who are ELLs and their families. The purpose of this study was to: (a) identify
effective practices that differentiate between cultural/linguistic differences and learning differences; (b) identify the
gaps in the current special education services; and (c) make recommendations to reduce the disproportionate representation
of young ELL children based on these data. The results revealed a number of factors contributing to the disproportionality
of young ELL children in special services such as: inconsistent screening and evaluation methods; insufficient numbers of
bilingual professionals and trained interpreters; communication barriers and contradictory procedures that undermine meaningful
partnerships with parents of ELLs; the need for professional development on the purposes and administration procedures of
screening and evaluation tools; and a need for policy and regulation changes pertaining to ELL children such as the timing
of screenings and evaluations. 相似文献
148.
Market creation is moving to the centre of mission-oriented innovation policy. This is particularly visible in the space sector. Agencies such as the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and the European Space Agency (ESA) are developing market-creating innovation policies in response to (a) the increasing emphasis on societal grand challenges, (b) the rise of a new wave of space companies (often referred to as “New Space”) and (c) the global trend towards interconnecting and interlinking of industries (a trend referred to as Industry 4.0). In this paper we explore the changing nature of mission-oriented innovation policies for market creation for two agencies, NASA and ESA. For these agencies, earlier mission-oriented policies focused on clear challenges with identifiable concrete problems and directed by a strong centralized agency. Contrast this with today, with broadly defined grand challenges, decentralized innovation systems with mixed top-down and bottom-up problem definition. We describe the current drivers and pressures that are creating a window for policy change, and we present examples of how NASA and ESA are responding to these pressures and use this exploration to dig deeper into the evolving frames of market-creating innovation policy in the space sector to identify the challenges for such policies and to further articulate a research agenda. 相似文献
149.
Dorado C Sanchis Moysi J Vicente G Serrano JA Rodríguez LR Calbet JA 《Journal of sports sciences》2002,20(8):591-597
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of long-term professional golf participation on whole-body and regional bone mass and density. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was performed on 15 male professional golfers and 18 sedentary individuals, matched for sex, race, age (29+/-1 and 25+/-1 years, respectively), body mass (79+/-2 and 74+/-2 kg), height (1.78+/-0.01 and 1.77+/-0.02 m) and percent body fat (20+/-2 and 21+/-2%; mean +/- sx). We found that long-term professional golf participation is not associated with significant increments in regional or whole-body bone mass or density. Neither the lumbar spine nor the femoral neck showed any noticeable enhancement of bone mass in professional golfers compared with controls from the same population. The only effect of professional golf participation on regional body composition was a 9% increase in muscle mass in the dominant arm (P < 0.05). 相似文献
150.
This article discusses the results obtained by two consecutive enquiries into the leadership styles and training needs of women and men leading higher education organisations. It compares the findings of the first stage of two studies, based on ad hoc questionnaires responded to by 136 women and 129 men. Results showed only subtle differences between the leadership styles deployed by the two groups. Both groups viewed organisations as social constructions; they preferred characteristics such as responsibility, ability to get on well with people, motivation capacity, communication and empathy, capacity to tackle difficult situations, and ethical issues. Consistent with this both groups identified similar training needs, which included the acquisition of abilities to deal with interpersonal conflicts and the construction of personal criteria to select the best strategy to face every situation. As no significant differences between male and female leaders were found, it is suggested that research into higher education organisations and their management training needs from a gender perspective should focus on the way both men and women managers tackle problems and situations. 相似文献