实际选择权决策框架

自从Black—Scholes公式发表之后,期权问题成为财务经济学中最热门的研究领域,其中资本预算决策中的实际选择权方法是迄今为止最前沿的研究领域之一。本论文试图总结实际选择权问题在理论和实践上的发展过程,并提出实际选择权的基本定价方法的框架结构。首先讨论几种传统资本预算方法的缺点,再从灵活性措施的价值引入实际选择权的概念。因为灵活性措施提供的投资机会和金融期权都共同拥有一个最核心的特点:权利与义务的不对称性,故此可以把这些投资机会和金融期权做类比,认为灵活性的投资机会是一种实标选择权。接着概述实际选择权理论的发展历程。然后提出了实际选择权资本决策的总体架构,指出管理者真正关心的应当是扩大的、战略性的净现值。最后给出的若干通解对那些具有相似条件的实际选择权定价都是适用的。     

Decreasing students’ stress through time management training: an intervention study

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of a time management training program on perceived control of time and perceived stress in the context of higher education. Twenty-three undergraduate students attended a time management training intervention and reported demands, perceived stress and perceived control of time directly before 2 and 4 weeks after training. We used a “non-equivalent dependent variable design” (Cook and Campbell, Quasi-experimentation: design and analysis for field settings, p. 118, 1979) with perceived stress and perceived control of time as dependent variables, which should be influenced by the training, and demands as control variable, which should not be changed. As expected, perceived stress decreased and perceived control of time increased after training, whereas demands did not change. Therefore, time management training might be beneficial for undergraduate students’ well-being. Nevertheless, more intervention studies in this field are necessary, especially with lager samples, to contribute to more robust results and conclusions.     

分裂的法兰西

法国之于网球,就如同苏格兰之于高尔夫,即使岁月荏苒,历史变成传说,传说变成了神话,也改变不了萌芽的土壤,滋养出传统与惯性。更何况,作为网球运动的发源地,法国从来没有失去过自己的位置。直到今天,ATP世界排名TOP100中仍有11人来自法国,仅次于西班牙的14人。     

Learning to design and implement educational web sites within pre‐service training: a project‐based learning environment and its impact on student teachers

This paper reports on a project‐based learning (PBL) environment targeted towards introducing student teachers to the design and development of educational web sites. The participants were 46 student teachers who constructed 16 web sites for primary school. A survey of their views, before and after the projects, and an evaluation of the web sites created by them were conducted with a view to assessing their responses to the learning environment, its impact on them, as well as the challenges faced during web site creation. The results showed that the PBL approach has been motivational and effective regarding the acquisition of web site design and development skills. The participants demystified the process of educational web site creation and became more interested in and self‐confident about it, although they encountered certain difficulties in image processing, file management and design of navigational structures.     

How geographic maps increase recall of instructional text

This article reviews research on how geographic maps influence the recall of associated text. Drawing on literature from cartography and educational, experimental, and cognitive psychology, the authors describe a model of map-text learning based on dual-coding theory and focused on activities that take place during working memory operations. The instructional implications of the model are explored, and recommendations for instructional applications are given.The authors wish to thank Jenine Doran, Kent Rittschof, Michael Verdi, and three anonymous reviewers for providing insightful comments on earlier drafts of this article.     

Among friends: the role of academic-preparedness diversity in individual performance within a small-group STEM learning environment

In this study, we investigate the relationship between academic-preparedness diversity within small learning groups and individual academic performance in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) university courses. We further examine whether academic-preparedness diversity impacts academically more- and less-prepared students differently. We use data from 5367 university students nested within 1141 science, engineering, and mathematics learning groups and use a regression analysis to estimate the effect of group diversity, measured in two ways, on course performance. Our results indicate that academic-preparedness diversity is generally associated with positive learning outcomes, that academically less-prepared students derive greater benefit, and that less-prepared students fare best when they are not alone in a group of highly prepared students. Implications for teaching and small-group facilitation are addressed.     

Stirring the waters: university INSET in Greece

In view of the increasing demand for in‐service training in Greece, the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki launched English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teacher training courses, offered for the first time by a Greek state university. This paper discusses issues regarding the design and running of the courses as well as briefly presenting trainee feedback and its role in the continuous improvement of the courses. The rationale and the principles adopted in the design of the courses were in line with current approaches to teacher training. In addition, the design of the courses was based on a national survey involving a needs analysis of practising EFL teachers in Greece. The feedback received from the trainees was very positive with regard to the design and organization of the courses, the usefulness of the knowledge acquired and the fulfillment of their expectations.

L'Université d'Aristote de Théssalonique a inicié pour la première fois en Grèce, des stages sur l'enseignement de l'anglais en tant que langue étrangère, de manière à répondre à la demande croissante des enseignants pratiquants pour une formation plus poussée. L'article suivant explique la composition et le fonctionnement des differents séminaires, présente brievement les impressions des stagiaires en établissant l'importance de leurs commentaires pour la continuelle amélioration du stage. Les principes adoptés lors de la création de celui‐ci sont basés sur les approches courantes de formation des enseignants d'anglais. De plus, ce stage prend en compte une enquête nationale établissant les differents besoins des enseignants pratiquants en Grèce. Les commentaires des stagiaires sur l'organisation du cours et l'utilité des informations acquises furent très positifs. Le stage a répondu à leurs differentes attentes.

Wegen der immer größeren Nachfrage nach in‐service training1 In‐service training, sind Trainingskurse die sich an Lehrer richten, die den Beruf schon praktizieren. Wann immer das Wort «Prakizent» im Text benutzt wird, sind diese Lehrer gemeint. View all notes in Griechenland, hat die Aristoteles Universität von Thessaloniki EFL (Englisch als Fremdsprache)Trainingskurse für praktizirende Lehrer angeboten, die es zum ersten mal bei einer griechischen Staatsuniversität gibt. Dieser Artikel befasst sich mit Themen, welche die Struktur und den Ablauf dieser Kurse betreffen, sowie auch wie die Rückinfomation der Praktizenten dazu beigetragen hat diese Kurse ständig zu verbessern. Außerdem wurden die neuen didaktischen Methoden berücksichtigt. Darüber hinaus basiert die Struktur dieser Kurse einer nationallen Umfrage in Griechenland, welche die Lehrbedürfnisse der Prakizenten enthaltet.Um die Struktur dieser Kurse nun noch mehr zu verbessern werden wie die Ruckinformation und die Erfahrung der Praktizenten die schon an ihn teilgenommen haben in Hinsicht nehmen.

En vista de la creciente demanda en Grecia de in service‐training2 In‐service training, son cursos para estudiantes que ya son maestros de ingles. La palabra cursillista se refiere a estos estudiantes. View all notes , la universidad Aristoteles de Salonika comenzo a ofrecer cursos de metodologia para maestros de ingles como lengua extranjera. Esta es la primera vez que una universidad del estado ofrece cursos de este tipo. En este articulo se tratan de discutir los afectos relacionados con el plan y la estructura de estos cursos y, del mismo modo, el papel desempeado por las surgerencias de los cursillistas como ayuda para diseñar los cursos. La filosofia y el pensamiento fueron adoptados de acuerdo con los nuevos metodos didacticas. De hecho, el diseño del curso fue basado en un estudio nacional a cerca de las necesidades de los cursillistas que ya son o seran maestros de ingles como lengua extranjera. Para mejorar estos cursos mas, tendrèmos en cuenta las sugerencias y la experencia de los cursillistas que ya han participado en estos cursos y hacer cambios.     

Programming MOOCs – different learners and different motivation

ABSTRACT

MOOCs for learning the basics of programming have become popular among people with a diverse range of backgrounds, interests and learning contexts. Studies show that learners who enrol in MOOCs tend to have different motivation from learners in traditional courses, but it is not known how motivation differs for people with different backgrounds. This study aims to describe how the motivational factors behind enrolment in programming MOOCs relate to learners’ characteristics. The data were gathered in the spring of 2017 with a motivation scale (FIEM) from 1,536 participants of the MOOC ‘About Programming’. Using comparative analysis, differences in motivational factors between groups by gender, employment status and previous experiences in programming were found. Correlational analysis revealed that educational level, age and self-evaluated probability of completing the MOOC were also related to motivational factors. Different people are motivated by different factors, indicating that this knowledge could be used to design interesting and motivating programming MOOCs, which are relevant to learners with various backgrounds.