Competency and training issues related to the integration of career counseling and mental health counseling

Summary Career counseling cannot be neatly separated from the counseling that affects the remainder of clients' lives, and mental distress cannot be considered independent of the career which encompasses so much of an individual's world. Life is complex and includes many facets which counselees bring to the counseling relationship. Counselors must be able to deal with the major issues in clients' lives including career issues and issues of mental health. Minimum skill for counselors would include the ability to assist a range of clients and the knowledge to effectively refer others. For too long career counseling and mental health counseling have been viewed as separate entities. This view of career and mental health counseling as separate is inconsistent with the development of counseling as a profession and does not serve potential clients well.Spencer G. Niles, D.Ed. is an Assistant Professor of Counselor Education and Robert H. Pate, Jr., Ph.D. is a Professor of Counselor Education and Chair of the Department of Human Services in the Curry School of Education at the University of Virginia.     

A note on attrition among college presidents, 1971–1974

Returning to the same stratified random sample of American colleges and universities studied by Cohen and March (1974) during the 1969–1970 academic year, the authors explore the extent to which theoretical estimates of attrition rates presented by Cohen and March predict recent presidential departures within their sample. They find that in the past four years (1971–1974) there has been little change in the attrition pattern among college presidents in this national sample. If there has been any change it is very small and in the direction of slightly longer tenure among presidents of large universities.     

Measures of academic motivation: A conceptual review

This review examines the measurement of academic motivation in college students. It distinguishes pencil-and-paper group-administered instruments according to their conceptions of academic motivation: academic motivation taken as a single general motivation, as single specific motivations, or as a complex of motivations. It evaluates these classes of instruments in terms of the interpretability and the utility of the information each type of instrument is likely to provide.     

College-bound high-school graduates of 1972 and 1980 compared by college major

College enrollments are shown to have increased since the 1970s for majors in computer science, engineering, and business, and to have decreased for the biological and social sciences, the humanities, and education. In both the 1970s and the 1980s, high average levels of high-school achievement are observed for declared college majors in science and engineering fields. Education and business majors display records of relatively low average levels of achievement in high school, as do college dropouts, whatever their college major.     

Economic development and the university: A case study of a failed program

This paper summarizes the basis of university attempts in the United States to stimulate economic development. Next, the paper describes the background of a particular university's economic development program. The projects and especially the problems of that university's economic development program are enumerated in detail. The problems include financial losses in particular projects large enough to cause the university to terminate the program, corruption, widespread public criticism of the program and of the university, and criminal convictions of two top officers of the program. Perspectives from the study of university-business relationships as well as from the study of public finance and budgeting and of deviance and white-collar crime help interpret the problems of the program. Possible solutions to such problems are offered. These suggestions include budgeting and reporting requirements, as well as a variety of structural features that need to be part of university economic development programs.