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61.
The present study tested the effect of training observers to detect deception using different behavioral cues. Participants were trained to detect deception using either:(1) vocal‐only cues, (2) visual‐only cues, or (3) a combination of vocal and visual cues. A fourth group of observers did not receive any training and served as a control. Results indicated that trained observers were more successful than untrained observers in detecting deceptive communication. More specifically, observers trained to use either visual or both visual and vocal cues were more accurate detectors of deception than untrained naive observers. No differences were found between training conditions with respect to determining the veracity of truthful communication. 相似文献
62.
Justus J. Randolph George Julnes Roman Bednarik Erkki Sutinen 《Computer Science Education》2013,23(4):263-274
In this study we empirically investigate the claim that articles published in computer science education journals are more methodologically sound than articles published in computer science education conference proceedings. A random sample of 352 articles was selected from those articles published in major computer science education forums between 2000 and 2005. Each article was then coded in terms of five indicators of methodological quality. It was found that there were no practically or statistically significant differences between the articles published in journals and those published in conference proceedings on any of the indicators of methodological quality. One implication of this finding is that those who evaluate the academic output of computer science education researchers should be wary of arbitrarily prescribing more academic merit to journal publications than conference publications. 相似文献
63.
Yorck Olaf Schumacher Roman Mroz Peter Mueller Andreas Schmid Gerta Ruecker 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(11):1149-1156
Abstract The development of peak performances is a main research focus in sports science. It is unclear how many former top junior athletes achieve success in the elite class later. The aim of the present study was to examine the careers of athletes who participated in major junior or adult/elite cycling events using prospective and retrospective analysis of competition results. The official results of major junior (age ≤ 18 years) and elite (age > 18 years) cycling races from 1980 to 2004 were analysed. Age-related aspects, career lengths, and success were compared between riders who presented results in both junior and elite races (JUNIOR ELITE) and riders who had no junior race results (ELITE ONLY). Altogether, 27,454 results of 8004 athletes from 108 countries were collected. We found that 29.4% of the elite athletes had participated in junior World Championships, and that 34% of the participants in junior World Championships later participated in major elite competitions. JUNIOR ELITE athletes are significantly more successful in several cycling disciplines and have their first and last elite result at a younger age than ELITE ONLY athletes. No difference was found in career lengths. The data presented here emphasize the importance of long-term training programmes in the development of peak performance in cycling. 相似文献
64.
Magdalena Andrzejewska Anna Stolińska Władysław Błasiak Paweł Pęczkowski Roman Rosiek Bożena Rożek 《Interactive Learning Environments》2016,24(8):1981-1995
The results of qualitative and quantitative investigations conducted with individuals who learned algorithms in school are presented in this article. In these investigations, eye-tracking technology was used to follow the process of solving algorithmic problems. The algorithmic problems were presented in two comparable variants: in a pseudocode and flowchart. The eye-tracking data resulted in both qualitative (films registering the gaze paths) and quantitative measures, which allowed the detection and interpretation of the differences in the task-solving strategies between those who found the correct answer and those that did not. The results confirmed a hypothesis that use of the formal notation characteristic of a programming language for presenting algorithms is often a practical difficulty in the process of solving even simple tasks. This study opens a new direction of research; they show that eye-tracking technology can be used to optimise the educational process of learning programming. 相似文献
65.
Jan Cincera Roman Kroufek Petra Simonova Lenka Broukalova Vaclav Broukal Jan Skalík 《Environmental Education Research》2017,23(7):919-936
This study presents an analysis of a Czech pilot project in implementing the Eco-School program in kindergartens. The evaluation applied a mixed design that included pre/post testing of children using picture-based questionnaires, and interviews with the teachers responsible for conducting the program. The findings revealed a significant increase in the pro-environmental attitudes of the children (N = 419) between the pre-test and the post-test. The results of the qualitative part showed a broad spectrum of the ways in which the program was interpreted by the teachers (N = 16): while some teachers interpreted the program in a highly instrumental way, others interpreted it as emancipatory. Their different ways of interpreting the program led the teachers to different models of distribution of power between the adults and the children. Some of the teachers made the effort to establish a democratic participation of the children in setting the program agenda, but others manipulated the children to obtain their agreement with pre-selected activities. Although the study did not find any evidence that the instrumental implementation of the program would be less effective in promoting children’s attitude change, it showed differences in the interpretation of the merit of the program among the teachers. 相似文献
66.
Alexis Patterson Diego Roman Michelle Friend Jonathan Osborne Brian Donovan 《International Journal of Science Education》2018,40(3):291-307
Reading is fundamental to science and not an adjunct to its practice. In other words, understanding the meaning of the various forms of written discourse employed in the creation, discussion, and communication of scientific knowledge is inherent to how science works. The language used in science, however, sets up a barrier, that in order to be overcome requires all students to have a clear understanding of the features of the multimodal informational texts employed in science and the strategies they can use to decode the scientific concepts communicated in informational texts. We argue that all teachers of science must develop a functional understanding of reading comprehension as part of their professional knowledge and skill. After describing our rationale for including knowledge about reading as a professional knowledge base every teacher of science should have, we outline the knowledge about language teachers must develop, the knowledge about the challenges that reading comprehension of science texts poses for students, and the knowledge about instructional strategies science teachers should know to support their students’ reading comprehension of science texts. Implications regarding the essential role that knowledge about reading should play in the preparation of science teachers are also discussed here. 相似文献
67.
Paul Roman 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1976,301(4):396-397
68.
David Weidenauer Mario Krammel Roman Fleischhackl Martin R?ggla 《Wiener klinische Wochenschrift Education》2010,5(1):48-48
Aufl?sung
Aufl?sung der Vorbereitungsfragen zur Facharztprüfung aus Heft 3–4/2009 相似文献69.
Roman U. Sexl 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(3):301-306
Summaries English The concept of information is fundamental to many branches of science, technology and mathematics. A systematic use of the information concept can help to bridge the gap between different subjects in school. The discovery that information can be made a metric concept, and thus be dealt with mathematically, is fundamental to mathematics teaching. The information concept can initially be introduced on a very elementary level and then be successively exactified. From the point of view of science, information theory leads to some surprising insights into the information content of physical, chemical, biological, and technical systems. 相似文献
70.
The paper deals with the influence of a single tuning parameter on performance properties of the closed control loop which contains algebraically designed continuous-time PI controller while the response quality is evaluated by the size of first under- or overshoots. The controllers are obtained from general solutions of Diophantine equations in the ring of proper and stable rational functions and can be subsequently tuned via the only parameter. This article brings simple tuning rules, verifies their validity by means of simulation example and, moreover, it presents their possible practical application during control of real laboratory model assumed as system with parametric uncertainty. 相似文献