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91.
Jack Edward Sherman 《Learning & behavior》1978,6(4):463-468
Two experiments with rat subjects in a conditioned punishment paradigm are reported. These experiments attempted to determine if the events entering into association with the CS following conditioning with informative (forward) and noninformative (simultaneous) CSs were comparable. In Experiment 1, exposure to intense shock alone following trace (ISI = 10 sec) conditioning with moderate shock enhanced the suppressive effects of a 2-sec CS. A similar manipulation following explicitly unpaired CS-US presentations (ISI = 2 min) had no effect. These data were taken as evidence that the CS and US were associated during trace conditioning. Experiment 2 showed that exposure to intense shock following simultaneous conditioning also enhanced suppression to the CS. These results suggested that simultaneous and forward conditioning procedures yield similar forms of associative learning. 相似文献
92.
Thomas M. Skovholt Tabitha L. Grier Matthew R. Hanson 《Journal of Career Development》2001,27(3):167-176
Balancing self-care and other-care is often a struggle for career counselors and others in the helping professions. The process of caring is made up of a constant series of empathic attachments, active involvements, and felt separations. The ability to continually engage in the caring cycle is important for success. However, the constant need to re-create the cycle of caring can lead to counselor depletion and burnout. This article provides a developmental framework for assisting career counselors to avoid depleted caring while prolonging their professional longevity. The model of self-care includes recognizing the hazards of high touch work, such as limited resources and constant one-way caring. Also addressed are specific means of professional and personal sustenance, such as maximizing experiences of professional success and balancing personal wellness throughout one's career. 相似文献
93.
A Methylome‐Wide Association Study of Trajectories of Oppositional Defiant Behaviors and Biological Overlap With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
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Edward D. Barker Esther Walton Charlotte A.M. Cecil Richard Rowe Sara R. Jaffee Barbara Maughan Thomas G. O'Connor Argyris Stringaris Alan J. Meehan Wendy McArdle Caroline L. Relton Tom R. Gaunt 《Child development》2018,89(5):1839-1855
In 671 mother–child (49% male) pairs from an epidemiological birth cohort, we investigated (a) prospective associations between DNA methylation (at birth) and trajectories (ages 7–13) of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and the ODD subdimensions of irritable and headstrong; (b) common biological pathways, indexed by DNA methylation, between ODD trajectories and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); (c) genetic influence on DNA methylation; and (d) prenatal risk exposure associations. Methylome‐wide significant associations were identified for the ODD and headstrong, but not for irritable. Overlap analysis indicated biological correlates between ODD, headstrong, and ADHD. DNA methylation in ODD and headstrong was (to a degree) genetically influenced. DNA methylation associated with prenatal risk exposures of maternal anxiety (headstrong) and cigarette smoking (ODD and headstrong). 相似文献
94.
95.
Suneesh Kumar Pachathundikandi Earaly Thomas Varghese 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(2):114-117
Blood zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP), serum total protein (TP), and total cholesterol (TC) levels in automobile workshop workers
in relation to lead toxicity were analysed. In the present study, automobile workshop workers (healthy male workers at an
age between 28 and 35 from four major automobile workshops in Kottayam, Kerala State, India) and the control (male healthy
adults at an age between 28 and 35 residing at Aymanam, a distant village at Kottayam District, Kerala having reduced or no
chance of lead exposure) displayed significant difference in blood lead (BPb) and blood ZZP (BZPP) level. The mean value of
BPb in automobile workshop workers was 15.76±0.33 μg/dl, while in the control it was 8.20±0.15 μg/dl. In automobile workshop
workers, the mean value of BZPP was 34.2±0.62 μg/dl. The control group exhibited a mean of 11.5±0.22 μg/dl. Automobile workshop
workers exhibited significant increase in BZPP was corresponding to the increase in BPb level. The total protein levels estimated
in automobile workshop workers showed significant decrease compared to control individuals, but was within the reference range
of healthy individuals. The mean value of TP level in automobile workshop workers and control was 6.9±0.13 g/dl and 7.71±0.18
g/dl, respectively. There was no significant difference in blood haemoglobin (BHb) level among the automobile workshop workers
and control. The serum TC level in automobile workshop workers showed significant decrease compared to the control individuals,
but was with in the reference range of healthy individuals. The mean level of serum TC in automobile workshop workers was
162.00±3.44 mg/dl and the same in control was 172.86±4.32 mg/dl. The present study affirms occupational lead toxicity in automobile
workshop workers and its effect on serum protein and cholesterol levels. 相似文献
96.
Thomas B. Åstebro 《Research Policy》2005,34(9):1404-1418
Research on technological opportunity has typically focused on the impact of broad industry characteristics on R&D intensity of firms. This study complements such approaches by examining the impact of a multidimensional vector that measures technological opportunity on independent inventors’ decisions to patent and commercialize inventions. Using data from 559 inventions and controlling for demand, appropriability, and competitive conditions, we found two of four tested dimensions of technological opportunity - technical performance and technical uncertainty - to be significant and important determinants of the likelihood of commercialization. Technical feasibility appears important in affecting patenting but unimportant in affecting commercialization. Technical significance carries a negative, although insignificant, sign conditioning commercialization. 相似文献
97.
Thomas E. Gaston Francesca Ounsworth Tessa Senders Sarah Ritchie Emma Jones 《Learned Publishing》2020,33(2):154-162
Previous research has found that researchers rank journal reputation and impact factor (IF) amongst the key selection criteria when choosing where to submit. We explored the actual effect upon submission numbers of several possible factors. We retrieved 10 years of submission data from over a thousand journals, as well as data on IF, retractions, and other factors. We performed statistical analysis and identified correlations. We also undertook case study research on the 55 most significant submission decreases. We found a statistically significant correlation between changes in IF, ISI percentage ranking, and changes in submissions numbers in subsequent years. We also found a statistically significant effect on submission numbers in the year following the publication of a retraction. Our case studies identified other factors, including negative feedback on the peer review process. Our findings regarding IF confirm previous indications about the significance of IF on submissions. We explain the correlation with retractions through the concept of ‘peer review reputation’. These results indicate that editors and publishers need to focus on a journal's peer review practices, as well as a journal's IF, if they are to maintain and grow submissions. 相似文献
98.
Brian Edward Hubner 《Archival Science》2007,7(3):195-206
Census information of some form has been collected in Canada since the 1611 census of New France. Aboriginal people, identified
or not, have been included in these enumerations. The collection of this information has had a profound impact on Aboriginal
people and has been an element that has shaped their relationship with the dominant society. In response, Canadian Aboriginal
people have often resisted and refused to co-operate with census takers and their masters. This article is an examination
of this phenomenon focused on the censuses conducted in the post-Confederation period to the present. A census is made to
collect information on populations and individuals that can then be used to configure and shape social and political relations
between those being enumerated and the creators of the census. However, the human objects of the census are not just passive
integers and they have resisted its creation in a number of ways, including being “missing” when the census is taken, refusing
to answer the questions posed by enumerators or even driving them off Aboriginal territory. A census identifies elements of
the social order and attempts to set them in their “proper” place and those who do not wish to be part of that order may refuse
to take part. Archivists and historians must understand that the knowledge gained in a census is bound with the conditions
of own creation. This has been noted by contemporary Aboriginal researchers who often state that the archival record of their
people often distorts history and reflects the ideas and superficial observations of their Euro-Canadian creators. Changes
to the Census of Canada since 1981, have increased the participation rate and therefore changed the nature of the record.
Brian Edward Hubner is currently Acquisition and Access Archivist at the University of Manitoba Archives & Special Collections. He was previously employed at the Archives of Manitoba, in Government Records; Queen’s University Archives, Kingston; and at the National Archives of Canada, Ottawa. He has a Master of Arts (History, in Archival Studies) from the University of Manitoba, and a Master of Arts (History), from the University of Saskatchewan. The 2nd edition of Brian’s co-authored book on the history of the Cypress Hills of Saskatchewan and Alberta is being published in 2007. He has published articles and delivered conference papers on Canadian Aboriginal peoples including “Horse Stealing and the Borderline: The N.W.M.P. and the Control of Indian Movement, 1874-1900.” His current research interest focuses on relationship between Canada’s Aboriginal Peoples and Canadian archives. Brian is married and has two children. 相似文献
Brian Edward HubnerEmail: |
Brian Edward Hubner is currently Acquisition and Access Archivist at the University of Manitoba Archives & Special Collections. He was previously employed at the Archives of Manitoba, in Government Records; Queen’s University Archives, Kingston; and at the National Archives of Canada, Ottawa. He has a Master of Arts (History, in Archival Studies) from the University of Manitoba, and a Master of Arts (History), from the University of Saskatchewan. The 2nd edition of Brian’s co-authored book on the history of the Cypress Hills of Saskatchewan and Alberta is being published in 2007. He has published articles and delivered conference papers on Canadian Aboriginal peoples including “Horse Stealing and the Borderline: The N.W.M.P. and the Control of Indian Movement, 1874-1900.” His current research interest focuses on relationship between Canada’s Aboriginal Peoples and Canadian archives. Brian is married and has two children. 相似文献
99.
Rogers Kaliisa Edward Palmer Julia Miller 《British journal of educational technology : journal of the Council for Educational Technology》2019,50(2):546-561
The purpose of this paper is to compare and contrast characteristics of use and adoption of mobile learning in higher education in developed and developing countries. A comparative case study based on a survey questionnaire was conducted with 189 students (undergraduate and postgraduate) from Makerere University in Uganda and the University of Adelaide in Australia. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) was employed as the theoretical framework. The results indicated that higher education students in developed and developing countries use a range of technologies for learning, with major differences between Uganda and Australia. The study concludes that mobile learning in higher education in developed and developing country contexts is still at an experimental stage with students using mobile devices in pedagogically limited ways. 相似文献
100.
Is earlier intervention always superior? Using two complementary forms of meta-analysis, Gardner and colleagues find no support for the “earlier is better” hypothesis in outcomes of parenting programs for child behavior problems across the 2–11 year age range. This commentary explores possible methodological and substantive reasons for the pattern of their findings. We need additional careful analyses of this kind, assessing age variations in intervention effects across broader age ranges, and in other developmental domains, for strong tests of the “earlier is better” hypothesis. At this stage, however, Gardner et al.'s findings give us some pause for thought. 相似文献