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101.
Prof. Dr. Matthias Baer MBA Mirjam Kocher Corinne Wyss Titus Guldimann Susanna Larcher Günter Dörr 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2011,14(1):85-117
This contribution looks at the competency development during teacher training and entry into work. The multi-perspective research design makes it possible to collate data at five stages within this transition process: at the start (t1), in the middle (t2) and on completion (t3) of teacher training for primary school level (year 1–6) student teachers in two education colleges in Switzerland, as well as novice teachers at the start (t4) and on competition (t5) of their first year of work. The data covers eleven topic areas. This paper will present findings of data analysis for two of these topic areas for all five stages of measurement: (a) knowledge of lesson planning was captured using case vignettes and (b) teaching practice during the study program and in the first year of work was recorded on video. The same data was collated from the teaching staff involved in the practical training of the student teachers. The statements on the case vignettes were studied using content-analysis. The lesson videos were analyzed using low-inference coding for the visible occurrences during teaching and with a high-inference rating on the quality of the lessons. The results, including those for a comparison of student teachers and novice teachers with practical teacher training staff, give insights into the effectiveness of teacher training and the impact of practical experience in the first year of work on knowledge of how to plan lessons and on the form and quality of teaching. Overall, the new training at both education colleges can be given a pleasingly positive appraisal in terms of professionalization. It is, however, also possible to recognize where and to what extent a need for further developing the standard of professionalization of teaching still exists. 相似文献
102.
Improving teaching in higher education is a concern for universities worldwide. This study explored academics’ developmental processes in teaching using episodic interviews and teaching portfolios. Eight academics in the context of teaching development reported changes in their teaching and change triggers. Thematic analyses revealed seven areas of change: participants most frequently reported changes in concepts about teaching, their teaching selves and teaching strategies. Triggers of change clustered into eight categories with teaching practices, teaching courses and metacognition reported most frequently. Analysing relations among areas and triggers of change indicated complex dynamics in academics' developmental processes in teaching. This suggests that teaching development should incorporate multiple change triggers to facilitate academics' development in teaching effectively. 相似文献
103.
Stefan Krumm Matthias Ziegler Markus Buehner 《Learning and individual differences》2008,18(2):248-257
The present paper contributes to individual difference research in the field of working memory (WM) and reasoning and their contribution to the prediction of real-life criteria. Therefore, a broad WM test battery, a well-established measure of reasoning, and school grades were applied. It is argued that abilities as assessed with the WM component coordination are relevant for good performances at school, especially for science courses. The verbal task of the WM component storage in the context of processing was assumed to be relevant for the prediction of performance in language courses. As expected, reasoning turned out to be the best predictor of school grades. However, it was also confirmed that variance shared by coordination and reasoning can explain school performance, especially as concerns science courses. The verbal storage in the context of processing task significantly accounted for variance in language courses above and beyond reasoning. Thus, the present study provided further insights into the differential validity of different WM components. 相似文献
104.
This article provides an overview of the current status in the field of empirical research on professionalism and professionalization of physical education (PE) teachers. It aims to examine the thesis on the “misery” of the PE teacher profession. Therefore, different research approaches from the educational science field are taken into consideration. This might allow finding explanations for the postulated deficits in the professionalization of PE teachers. First, three different perspectives are introduced, including sociology of the profession, subject culture, and occupational biography. In a second step, professionalization of PE teachers is structured and modelled in alignment with longitudinal studies in the education science field. Based on this model, research findings and research desiderata on PE teachers professionalization are shown. This approach allows a differentiated view on the topic. 相似文献
105.
Matthias Nückles Sandra Hübner Sandra Dümer Alexander Renkl 《Instructional Science》2010,38(3):237-258
This article presents two longitudinal studies that investigated expertise reversal effects in journal writing. In Experiment
1, students wrote regular journal entries over a whole term. The experimental group received a combination of cognitive and
metacognitive prompts. The control group received no prompts. In the first half of the term, the experimental group applied
more cognitive and metacognitive strategies in their journals and showed higher learning outcomes than the control group.
Towards the end of the term, the amount of cognitive and metacognitive strategies elicited by the experimental group decreased
while the number of cognitive strategies applied by the control group increased. Accordingly, the experimental group lost
its superiority on learning outcomes. In order to avoid these negative long-term effects of prompts, a gradual and adaptive
fading-out of the prompts was introduced in the experimental group in Experiment 2 while a control group received permanent
prompts. The results showed that, over the course of the term, the fading group applied increasingly more cognitive strategies
while the control group applied fewer and fewer cognitive strategies. Accordingly, at the end of the term, the permanent prompts
group showed substantially lower learning outcomes than the fading group. Together, these results provide evidence for an
expertise reversal effect in writing-to-learn. The more the students became skilled in journal writing and internalized the
desired strategies, the more the external guidance by prompts became a redundant stimulus that interfered with the students’
internal tendency to apply the strategies and, thus, induced extraneous cognitive load. Accordingly, a gradual fading-out
of the prompts in line with the learners’ growing competencies proved to be effective in mitigating the negative side-effects
of the provided instructional support. 相似文献
106.
Matthias Pilz 《Vocations and Learning》2009,2(1):57-74
Vocational training and skills are playing an increasingly important role in the developed economies. However, both the vocational
education structure and the underlying philosophy and culture of education and training vary from country to country. What
is clear, though, is that employers play a crucial role in all cases; this paper explores the reasons why companies in different
countries are willing to invest in initial vocational education and how they do so. The paper will focus on Great Britain
and Germany as examples of a market-led model and a state-directed model, respectively. Interviews with employers in both
countries show that, in Britain, initial vocational education is strongly task-related in most cases or else is seen as the
employee’s private, individual concern. In Germany, by contrast, a much broader range of initial vocational education is available
and is viewed as an integral part of company culture. 相似文献
107.
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109.
Dr. Matthias Euteneuer Prof. Dr. Uwe Uhlendorff 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2014,17(4):723-742
Against the background of a growing diversity and fluidity of family life in modern western societies, the arrangement of everyday family life has become quite demanding for individuals and families. The reflection of individual notions of family as well as the development of concepts of a fulfilling everyday family life has become a recurrent challenge throughout the life course, particularly relevant during transitions in family life (e. g. the transition to parenthood, the reentry of the main caregiver into the labor market, or the transition into post couple parenthood after separation or divorce). Although family theory recently developed the concept of ‘doing family’ to highlight the need to maintain and arrange family life day after day, there is little knowledge on how individuals develop family concepts and how these concepts are adopted to changing life circumstances. In this article we present a research approach which allows to empirically study the reflection and development of family concepts and to work out family concept-related processes of learning and ‘Bildung’. We will illustrate our theoretical and methodological considerations by presenting results from a case study that is part of an ongoing longitudinal study. 相似文献
110.