全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1920篇 |
免费 | 16篇 |
国内免费 | 11篇 |
专业分类
教育 | 1167篇 |
科学研究 | 145篇 |
各国文化 | 10篇 |
体育 | 444篇 |
综合类 | 1篇 |
文化理论 | 32篇 |
信息传播 | 148篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 14篇 |
2022年 | 32篇 |
2021年 | 48篇 |
2020年 | 48篇 |
2019年 | 78篇 |
2018年 | 121篇 |
2017年 | 107篇 |
2016年 | 117篇 |
2015年 | 49篇 |
2014年 | 70篇 |
2013年 | 235篇 |
2012年 | 98篇 |
2011年 | 75篇 |
2010年 | 80篇 |
2009年 | 63篇 |
2008年 | 66篇 |
2007年 | 59篇 |
2006年 | 72篇 |
2005年 | 60篇 |
2004年 | 47篇 |
2003年 | 33篇 |
2002年 | 42篇 |
2001年 | 33篇 |
2000年 | 27篇 |
1999年 | 25篇 |
1998年 | 24篇 |
1997年 | 18篇 |
1996年 | 11篇 |
1995年 | 9篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 9篇 |
1992年 | 13篇 |
1991年 | 8篇 |
1990年 | 15篇 |
1989年 | 7篇 |
1988年 | 7篇 |
1987年 | 5篇 |
1986年 | 8篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 5篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 5篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1975年 | 11篇 |
1974年 | 6篇 |
1968年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有1947条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
51.
52.
<正>创新是实现经济迅速发展的原动力,科协是国家推动科技事业发展的重要力量,在国家创新体系中具有独特的组织网络资源优势、特殊的主体地位和不可或缺的作用。近年来,在上级科协领导的指导和支持下,我会充分发挥学会优势,将推动科技创新摆在各项工作的首位,积极调整社会定位,充分发挥学会功能,为推进创新型城市建设做出了积极贡献。 相似文献
53.
Prof. Dr. Jürgen Baumert Dr. Mareike Kunter 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2006,9(4):469-520
Ohne Zusammenfassung
相似文献
54.
This paper describes a newly adapted instrument for measuring novice-to-expert-like perceptions about biology: the Colorado Learning Attitudes about Science Survey for Biology (CLASS-Bio). Consisting of 31 Likert-scale statements, CLASS-Bio probes a range of perceptions that vary between experts and novices, including enjoyment of the discipline, propensity to make connections to the real world, recognition of conceptual connections underlying knowledge, and problem-solving strategies. CLASS-Bio has been tested for response validity with both undergraduate students and experts (biology PhDs), allowing student responses to be directly compared with a consensus expert response. Use of CLASS-Bio to date suggests that introductory biology courses have the same challenges as introductory physics and chemistry courses: namely, students shift toward more novice-like perceptions following instruction. However, students in upper-division biology courses do not show the same novice-like shifts. CLASS-Bio can also be paired with other assessments to: 1) examine how student perceptions impact learning and conceptual understanding of biology, and 2) assess and evaluate how pedagogical techniques help students develop both expertise in problem solving and an expert-like appreciation of the nature of biology. 相似文献
55.
Marina Wenger Oliver Lüdtke Martin Brunner 《Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft》2018,21(5):929-950
Using student ratings to assess instructional quality of schools should fulfill three requirements: (1) an appropriate level of inter-rater agreement within schools, (2) systematic variance of student ratings between schools, (3) an adequate reliability level of aggregated student ratings. Using international PISA-data (2000–2012; 81 countries, over 55,300 schools, over 1.3 million 15-year olds) this study investigated how these requirements were met regarding indicators of instructional quality (classroom management, cognitive activation, individual learning support). We computed the interrater agreement index rWG(J), as well as the intraclass correlations ICC(1) and ICC(2). Our results showed that (1) student ratings demonstrated a moderate or strong level of agreement for most indicators of instructional quality and (2) instructional quality assessed by students varied systematically between schools. Yet, (3) reliability of aggregated student ratings was not sufficient in many countries. We discuss these results regarding conventions to evaluate agreement, variability, and reliability of student ratings at the school level. 相似文献
56.
吕玲 《福建工程学院学报》2018,(2):136-140
随着大数据技术的不断发展,数据新闻越来越多地应用于新闻传播领域。全球数据新闻奖既是数据新闻业界“元老级”的奖项,也是权威象征。分析数据新闻奖历届获奖作品的新闻价值和报道理念,把握全球数据新闻的发展趋势,以期为我国数据新闻的发展提供参考与借鉴。 相似文献
57.
Thomas Goetz Anne C. Frenzel Oliver Lüdtke Nathan C. Hall 《Journal of Experimental Education》2013,81(1):84-101
Previous research indicates that academic emotions are largely organized along domain-specific lines. In the present study (N = 1,687; Grades 8/11), the authors explored the domain specificity of academic emotions in terms of the moderating influence of having the same versus a different course instructor across domains. The authors evaluated discrete emotions consisting of enjoyment, pride, anxiety, anger, and boredom as experienced in the academic domains of mathematics and physics. Consistent with previous findings, between-domain relations for these emotions were relatively weak. These relations were, however, significantly stronger in classes having the same instructor in mathematics and physics compared with classes having different instructors for each subject. Nevertheless, the between-domain relations in classes having the same instructor were not strong enough to disconfirm the domain-specific conceptualization of academic emotions. Last, the authors discuss directions for future research on additional factors potentially affecting the strength of between-domain relations of academic emotions. 相似文献
58.
This research was conducted in Ankara province for the purpose of examining the status of planning in preparation for retirement as an individual and as a family of individuals who show differences in educational level. Individuals who lived in Ankara province, who were 3 years from retirement according to age limit, and who had social security from one of the three official government plans (The Pensions Fund For Civil Servants of The Republic of Turkey, Social Insurance Institution, or Social Security Organization of Artisans, and Craftsmen and other Self-Employed People) were the research population from which 393 individuals were chosen using the Stratified Random Sampling Method. There was a higher percentage of individuals who stated that they had not planned for retirement than those who had. Of the individuals who stated that they had made plans, 80.7% had made those plans about their financial status. Individuals who thought that it was necessary to have an educational program for preparing for retirement also wanted “financial status” topics at the head of the list of topics for such a program. 相似文献
59.
Heiner Rindermann Jürgen Kohler Gerhard Meisenberg 《International Journal for Academic Development》2013,18(2):73-77
One aim of student evaluation of instruction is the improvement of teaching quality, but there is little evidence that student assessment of instruction alone improves teaching. This study tried to improve the effects of evaluation by combining evaluation with individual counselling in an institutional development approach. Evaluation was conducted in a private school for speech therapy (logopedia) in 35 classes (N = 16 teachers, N = 592 students). Evaluation was done twice within a period of three to twelve months using a standardized questionnaire (HILVE‐II) developed for evaluation of university courses. The intervention effect on teaching quality was more than half a standard deviation on the teacher scales. Despite the fact that the counsellor had no pedagogical training, the quality of teaching not only improved quantitatively and qualitatively but also became more homogeneous although the relative rank listing of teachers did not change. Ein Ziel der studentischen Lehrevaluation ist die Verbesserung von Lehrqualität. Es gibt aber wenig empirische Evidenz dafür, dass studentische Lehrevaluation allein Lehre verbessern kann. Diese Studie versuchte, die Effekte von Veranstaltungskritik in einem Ansatz, der Lehrevaluation mit Beratung verbindet, zu erhöhen. Lehrveranstaltungsevaluation wurde in einem privaten Ausbildungsinstitut für Logopädie in 35 Kursen von 16 Dozenten mit 592 Studierenden durchgeführt. Veranstaltungskritik wurde zweimal praktiziert binnen eines Zeitabschnitts von drei bis zwölf Monaten anhand eines Fragebogens (HILVE‐II), der für die Evaluation von Hochschulveranstaltungen entwickelt wurde. Der Verbesserungseffekt auf Lehrqualität war in den dozentenbezogenen Skalen größer als eine halbe Standardabweichung. Obwohl der Berater keine pädagogische Ausbildung hatte, verbesserte sich die Lehrqualität nicht nur in den quantitativen und qualitativen Maßen, sondern wurde auch homogener. Die relative Rangreihung innerhalb der Dozenten blieb aber stabil. Un des objectifs de l’évaluation, par les étudiants, de l’enseignement est l’amélioration de la qualité de ce dernier. Pourtant, les preuves que l’évaluation de l’enseignement par les étudiants améliore celui‐ci sont limitées. Cette étude a tenté d’améliorer les effets de l’évaluation en combinant l’évaluation avec du conseil individuel au sein d’une approche de développement institutionnel. L’évaluation a été effectuée dans 35 classes (N = 16 enseignants, N = 592 étudiants) d’une école privée d’orthophonie (logopédie). L’évaluation a été effectuée deux fois sur une période variant de trois à seize mois en employant un questionnaire standard (HILVE‐II) développé pour l’évaluation des cours universitaires. L’effet relatif à la qualité de l’enseignement associé à l’intervention représentait plus d’un demi écart‐type sur l’échelle des enseignants. En dépit du fait que le conseiller n’avait pas de formation pédagogique, la qualité de l’enseignement s’est améliorée à la fois au plan quantitatif et au plan qualitatif, en plus de devenir davantage homogène, bien que le positionnement relatif des enseignants n’ait pas changé. 相似文献
60.
Irene Pütter Elaine Morrison 《International journal for the advancement of counseling》1986,9(2):189-196
The example of teachers not seeking counselling was used. Some reasons for this situation were given as well as one possible way to change it by providing early information and training during the students' regular studies. My hope is that if teachers have the necessary information, abilities and positive experiences, when they have problems, it should be easier for them to use counsellors than it is for other today.Teachers were used as an example of how one group could be encounraged to make use of counsellors. However, similar strategies could be used with other groups whose jobs involve high personal stress (for example social workers, medical doctors etc.). The example of teachers was also used to show how change can be introduced within a system. Here it might be useful to develop the ability to work with a counsellor during the regular education, so that it becomes part of their understanding of their professional role. 相似文献