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191.
A Methylome‐Wide Association Study of Trajectories of Oppositional Defiant Behaviors and Biological Overlap With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
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Edward D. Barker Esther Walton Charlotte A.M. Cecil Richard Rowe Sara R. Jaffee Barbara Maughan Thomas G. O'Connor Argyris Stringaris Alan J. Meehan Wendy McArdle Caroline L. Relton Tom R. Gaunt 《Child development》2018,89(5):1839-1855
In 671 mother–child (49% male) pairs from an epidemiological birth cohort, we investigated (a) prospective associations between DNA methylation (at birth) and trajectories (ages 7–13) of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and the ODD subdimensions of irritable and headstrong; (b) common biological pathways, indexed by DNA methylation, between ODD trajectories and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); (c) genetic influence on DNA methylation; and (d) prenatal risk exposure associations. Methylome‐wide significant associations were identified for the ODD and headstrong, but not for irritable. Overlap analysis indicated biological correlates between ODD, headstrong, and ADHD. DNA methylation in ODD and headstrong was (to a degree) genetically influenced. DNA methylation associated with prenatal risk exposures of maternal anxiety (headstrong) and cigarette smoking (ODD and headstrong). 相似文献
192.
Louisa R. Peralta Donna O’Connor Wayne G. Cotton Andrew Bennie 《Teaching Education》2016,27(3):248-266
In this paper, we investigate the effects of a community- and school-based service learning experience (SLE) on pre-service physical education teachers’ Indigenous knowledge, cultural competency and pedagogy. Informed by the theoretical tenets of Indigenous research methodologies, experiential learning and critical reflection, we examine 55 final-year pre-service physical education teachers’ (age: 21.9 [8.3]; 10.7% low SES; 68% females) cultural learning and competency in a core unit of study with a six-week SLE. Measures of their experiences included reflective journals, multicultural teaching competency scales and focus group interviews. Findings support the design of the SLE, with statistically significant changes in pre-service teachers’ perceptions of their cultural competency (p < 0.001). Pre-service teachers were able to challenge their assumptions about Indigenous students, plan and implement student-centred and culturally relevant pedagogies. Attention is drawn to the design of this SLE and demonstrates the importance of using Indigenous community members and teachers as mentors, which has not been explored in previous SLE studies. 相似文献
193.
194.
Lakshmi Krishnamoorthy Elizabeth Zachariah P. G. Ramaswamy N. Anantha 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1994,9(1):37-39
Circulating levels of gonadotropins (FSH,LH), prolactin (PRL), estradiol and progesterone were measured by radioimmunoassay
in the sera of 60 patients with histopathologically proven breast cancer. 30 patients belonged to the post and 30 to the premenopausal
group. 30 healthy women, 15 each in the pre and post menopausal groups served as controls for the study.
Prolactin was elevated in 33% and 26% of pre and post menopausal breast cancer patients respectively. Lower levels of estradiol
and progesterone were observed during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in premenopausal breast cancer patients. Among
postmenopausal patients with breast cancer, LH was elevated in 32%, FSH in 15% and estradiol in 30% of the patients studied. 相似文献
195.
G. N. Raval L. J. Parekh D. D. Patel F. P. Jha R. N. Sainger P. S. Patel 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2004,19(2):60-71
Sialic acid, the end moieties of the carbohydrate chains are biologically important and essential for functions of glycoconjugates
and are reported to be altered in cancer patients. Two hundred and twenty five breast cancer (BC) patients, 100 patients with
benign breast disease (BBD) and 100 healthy females (controls) were enrolled for the study. Eight hundred and twenty four
follow-up samples of 225 breast carcinoma patients were also evaluated. The association of sialic acid forms, sialyltransferase
and α-2–6 sialoproteins levels with presence and extent as well as prognosis of breast carcinoma was studied. Serum sialic
acid forms and sialyltransferase revealed significantly elevated levels among untreated breast cancer patients as compared
to the controls, patients with BBD as well as cancer patients in remission. Non-responders showed comparable levels of the
markers with those found in breast cancer patients at the time of diagnosis. Higher levels of sialic acid forms at diagnosis
were associated with poor prognosis. A positive correlation between serum levels of different forms of sialic acids and extent
of malignant disease was observed. The changes in serum proteins with terminal α-2–6 sialic acid correlated well with alterations
in the levels of sialic acid forms and sialyltransferase. Malignant tissues showed elevated levels of sialic acid and sialyltransferase
as compared to surrounding normal tissues.
The results suggested potential utility of these markers in evaluation of clinical outcome. 相似文献
196.
G. M. Sankolli M. I. Khatkhatay M. P. Desai D. K. Pardhe P. C. Ishrad U. M. Joshi 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》1992,7(1):71-74
Aprototype kit for the detection of occurrence of ovulation based on urinary pregnanediol glucuronide estimations by ELISA
was developed in our laboratory. This kit was sent for evaluation at 4 centres in Bombay and Pune, India. The diagnosis of
ovulation/anovulation based on the results of the kit is comparable with that based on reference parameters commonly used
(ultrasonography of ovarian follicles and serum progesterone estimations). The accuracy of the test was 93.5%, specificity
was 87.5% and sensitivity was 95.7%. This rapid indigenous test can be very useful in assessing ovulatory status of the woman
by the clinicians in their offices. 相似文献
197.
G.P. Chhalotra 《Journal of The Franklin Institute》1976,302(1):85-103
A mathematical analysis of sequential fault transients due to series and shunt faults is important in the study of circuit breaker pole openings and reclosings with arc resistances. The line loading itself becomes unbalanced momentarily due to load switching. Each double fault is developed in sequence, therefore the initial currents in the second and third fault must be treated properly under transient conditions. New sequence component variables λμ0 and ρσ0 are used with αβ0 components. This study is useful for small power systems as well for large power systems. A digital simulation of various series and shunt faults is presented in a generalized manner using αβ0, λμ0 and ρσ0 components. 相似文献
198.
Serap ?uhadar Mehmet K?seo?lu Yasemin ?inpolat Güler Bu?dayc? Murat Usta Tuna Semerci 《Biochemia medica : ?asopis Hrvatskoga dru?tva medicinskih biokemi?ara / HDMB》2016,26(1):53-60
Introduction
Extremely high glucose concentrations have been shown to interfere with creatinine assays especially with Jaffe method in peritoneal dialysate. Because diabetes is the fastest growing chronic disease in the world, laboratories study with varying glucose concentrations. We investigated whether different levels of glucose spiked in serum interfere with 21 routine chemistry and thyroid assays at glucose concentrations between 17-51 mmol/L.Materials and methods
Baseline (group I) serum pool with glucose concentration of 5.55 (5.44-5.61) mmol/L was prepared from patient sera. Spiking with 20% dextrose solution, sample groups were obtained with glucose concentrations: 17.09, 34.52, and 50.95 mmol/L (group II, III, IV, respectively). Total of 21 biochemistry analytes and thyroid tests were studied on Abbott c8000 and i2000sr with commercial reagents. Bias from baseline value was checked statistically and clinically.Results
Creatinine increased significantly by 8.74%, 31.66%, 55.31% at groups II, III, IV, respectively with P values of < 0.001. At the median glucose concentration of 50.95 mmol/L, calcium, albumin, chloride and FT4 biased significantly clinically (-0.85%, 1.63%, 0.65%, 7.4% with P values 0.138, 0.214, 0.004, < 0.001, respectively). Remaining assays were free of interference.Conclusion
Among the numerous biochemical parameters studied, only a few parameters are affected by dramatically increased glucose concentration. The creatinine measurements obtained in human sera with the Jaffe alkaline method at high glucose concentrations should be interpreted with caution. Other tests that were affected with extremely high glucose concentrations were calcium, albumin, chloride and FT4, hence results should be taken into consideration in patients with poor diabetic control.Key words: assay interference, glucose interference, preanalytical phase, creatinine, Jaffe kinetic assay, thyroid function tests 相似文献199.
T. Malati G. Rajani Kumari P. V. L. N. Murthy Ch. Ram Reddy B. Surya Prakash 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2006,21(1):34-40
Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) has emerged as the most applicable and important tumor marker for carcinoma prostate. In the
present study PSA was determined in serum of healthy subjects, patients of benign prostate hypertrophy (BPH) and Carcinoma
Prostate (Ca−P) to evaluate its diagnostic efficiency in day to day management of prostate cancer patients and in differentiating
patients of early prostate cancer from those with BPH. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) revealed 2 ng/ml and
10 ng/ml cut off serum PSA level for BPH and untreated carcinoma prostate patients (Ca−P). An extremely significant increase
(P<0.0001) was observed in mean PSA concentration in BPH patients and adenocarcinoma prostate patients when compared to healthy
males. Clinical relevance of PSA was highlighted by a case study of cancer patient prior to any therapy till death. 相似文献
200.
Externalities as conventionally defined miss many of the spillovers that are both causes and consequences of the technological changes that underlie economic growth. We introduce a much wider concept called technological complementarities. New general purpose technologies (GPTs) rejuvenate the growth process by creating technological complementarities, which are adequately measured neither by total factor productivity (TFP) nor by externalities. There would be major gains from technological change even if the returns on capital invested in innovation never exceeded the returns on investing in existing technologies so that there were neither externalities nor positive changes in TFP. 相似文献