论信息分化社会调控的认知结构

研究了我国面对信息分化的社会调控目标,分析了社会调控的行为与认知取向,阐述了我国信息化建设必须追求信息富有前提下的信息公平与和谐,进而探讨了和谐社会发展的信息化模式。     

基于知识管理的IT项目风险研究

首先从知识管理角度分析IT项目的基本特征,在此基础上阐释知识管理环境下的IT项目风险：战略风险、知识资产风险、组织结构风险、信息技术风险、文化风险、创新激励风险,最后从目标、组织、信息系统、方法四个方面提出了基于知识管理的IT项目风险管理应对策略。     

基于属性的研究生教育招生考录制度改革探究

通过研究生教育本质的探讨,有助于我们从研究生招生制度需解决问题的本原出发,了解招生选拔或考察对象的观测点,进而提出对理想的研究生招生制度的构想,不仅是一种多元的筛选制度,更应该是双向的选择制度和人才的评价制度。在选拔过程中要注重招生和培养模式的匹配,人才培养和使用的一致。同时要保障导师组在对考生创新能力和综合素质考察方面的选拔决定权。     

Material research from the viewpoint of functional motifs

As early as 2001, the need for the ‘functional motif theory’ was pointed out, to assist the rational design of functional materials. The properties of materials are determined by their functional motifs and how they are arranged in the materials. Uncovering functional motifs and their arrangements is crucial in understanding the properties of materials and rationally designing new materials of desired properties. The functional motifs of materials are the critical microstructural units (e.g. constituent components and building blocks) that play a decisive role in generating certain material functions, and can not be replaced with other structural units without the loss, or significant suppression, of relevant functions. The role of functional motifs and their arrangement in materials, with representative examples, is presented. The microscopic structures of these examples can be classified into six types on a length scale smaller than ∼10 nm with maximum subatomic resolution, i.e. crystal, magnetic, aperiodic, defect, local and electronic structures. Functional motif analysis can be employed in the function-oriented design of materials, as elucidated by taking infrared non-linear optical materials as an example. Machine learning is more efficient in predicting material properties and screening materials with high efficiency than high-throughput experimentation and high-throughput calculations. In order to extract functional motifs and find their quantitative relationships, the development of sufficiently reliable databases for material structures and properties is imperative.     

高校负债的危机与破解

高校负债及其引发的问题备受各方关注。高校负债引发众多危机,影响了高等教育事业的稳定发展,增加了政府的财政压力,影响到社会的和谐秩序。文章首先提出了高校负债引发的危机表征,以此为基础分析其症结所在,进一步提出了破解路径。     

A CRISPR/Cas12a-empowered surface plasmon resonance platform for rapid and specific diagnosis of the Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic was partially due to the challenge of identifying asymptomatic and presymptomatic carriers of the virus, and thus highlights a strong motivation for diagnostics with high sensitivity that can be rapidly deployed. On the other hand, several concerning SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Omicron, are required to be identified as soon as the samples are identified as ‘positive’. Unfortunately, a traditional PCR test does not allow their specific identification. Herein, for the first time, we have developed MOPCS (Methodologies of Photonic CRISPR Sensing), which combines an optical sensing technology-surface plasmon resonance (SPR) with the ‘gene scissors’ clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) technique to achieve both high sensitivity and specificity when it comes to measurement of viral variants. MOPCS is a low-cost, CRISPR/Cas12a-system-empowered SPR gene-detecting platform that can analyze viral RNA, without the need for amplification, within 38 min from sample input to results output, and achieve a limit of detection of 15 fM. MOPCS achieves a highly sensitive analysis of SARS-CoV-2, and mutations appear in variants B.1.617.2 (Delta), B.1.1.529 (Omicron) and BA.1 (a subtype of Omicron). This platform was also used to analyze some recently collected patient samples from a local outbreak in China, identified by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This innovative CRISPR-empowered SPR platform will further contribute to the fast, sensitive and accurate detection of target nucleic acid sequences with single-base mutations.     

中国内地省区间社会科学合作网络核心-边缘结构的演化研究——以1998-2017年中国SSCI论文数据为支撑

[目的/意义]研究中国内地31个省区在社会科学合作中实力和地位的变化过程,有利于相关部门掌握省区间的社会科学合作动态,为科技管理者布局地区研究规划、进行科学决策提供参考依据。[方法/过程]利用1998-2017年中国SSCI论文数据,构建中国内地31个省区间社会科学合作网络,运用社会网络分析和多维标度方法,分析省区间社会科学合作网络核心-边缘结构的演化过程。[结果/结论]1998-2017年中国内地31个省区间社会科学合作强度逐步提高;省区间社会科学合作网络具有明显的核心-边缘结构,越来越多的省区加入到合作网络的核心、半核心区域,边缘区域省区的数量大幅减少;各区域社会科学合作研究的主要领域是经济与商学、心理学、健康学与环境学;内地跨省区的社会科学合作主要集中在核心区域中的省区之间、核心区域与半核心区域的省区之间。     

区块链技术在网络舆情风险管理体系的应用研究

[目的/意义]挖掘弹性管理和区块链理论在网络舆情风险管理体系建设的应用价值,克服传统管理体系的技术弊端,突破现有网络舆情风险管理的难点和痛点,提高网络舆情风险管理效率。[方法/过程]基于网络舆情风险管理、弹性管理理论,确立网络舆情弹性风险管理的理论框架,进而应用区块链技术提出网络舆情风险管理系统体系,并对网络舆情风险识别和感知智慧分类账本、风险关联树以及智能合约进行详尽阐述。[结果/结论]构建的舆情风险管理系统、区块链数据保障系统体系,及应用区块链技术的网络舆情风险识别和感知智慧分类账本、风险关联树、智能合约,使得舆情风险管理数据更安全、数据可追溯、组织弹性适应性更强,能有效指引有关系统开发,并增强网络舆情风险管理可控性、提高网络舆情风险管理效率。     

技术创业企业商业模式创新前因的组态效应

为剖析技术创业企业商业模式创新多重前因的联动效应,基于商业模式冰山理论构建了商业模式创新的前因要素模型,以31家技术创业企业为样本,采用模糊集定性比较分析方法,分析了技术创业企业商业模式创新多重前因的联动效应。研究结果表明:(1)技术创业企业商业模式创新具有"多重并发"和"殊途同归"的特点,单一要素难以构成商业模式创新的必要条件;(2)网络嵌入与资源整合能力的协同作用对技术创业企业商业模式创新至关重要;(3)在高度的环境不确定情况下,资源整合能力和机会识别能力的协同作用,以及网络嵌入和战略柔性的协同作用是技术创业企业商业模式创新的重要途径。本研究进一步发展了商业模式冰山理论,丰富了商业模式创新前因的研究成果,为解释既有研究的分歧提供了新视角,也为技术创业企业根植自身情境实现商业模式创新提供了理论指导。