Approaches to Studying and Perceptions of the Academic Environment in Students Following Problem-Based and Subject-Based Curricula

To investigate the effects of different kinds of curriculum, the Course Experience Questionnaire (CEQ) and a short form of the Approaches to Studying Inventory (ASI) were administered to 225 2nd-year students at six different schools of occupational therapy. Their curricula were classified as problem-based, subject-based or hybrid. Their scores on the scales of the CEQ and ASI were closely related, insofar as they shared more than half of their respective variance. Problem-based curricula were associated with higher scores on the scales of the CEQ concerned with appropriate assessment and emphasis on independence. With the ASI, problem-based curricula were associated with lower scores on all of the scales concerned with a reproducing orientation, and with higher scores on the scale concerned with a deep approach. These findings suggest that the implementation of a problem-based curriculum has desirable effects on the quality of learning, and these are at least in part mediated by students' perceptions of their academic environment.     

Nobel Prize in Physics 2006

The discovery of the cosmic microwave background radiation in 1965 was a defining moment in the history of cosmology — the science that deals with the universe as a whole, its origin, evolution and future. This discovery was recognized with Nobel Prizes to Penzias and Wilson in 1978. The Nobel Prize in Physics for 2006 further acknowledged the importance of the study of this background radiation. The precise measurement of the spectrum of this radiation and its variation across the sky have helped our understanding of the evolution of structures in the universe. This article explains these discoveries and their importance. T Padmanabhan is a professor at IUCAA, Pune. He is interested in all aspects of theoretical physics, and especially in those in which gravity plays a role.     

鲁迅研究的世纪玄览

鲁迅作为20世纪中国最伟大的思想家、学家和精神革命家，以了深刻的精神力量影响了一个世纪的好几代人。对于他的反响、评论和研究，也几乎横亘了整整一个世纪。对鲁迅研究这一学术景观，做一番世纪玄览，能够从一个侧面透视20世纪中国精神化现象史的变迁，     

略论中国历代宫廷文学体派价值

历代宫廷文学体派在中国古代文学史上已呈现为一个明显的文学系列。该系列包含的体派在其各自形成发展过程中和主要创作倾向中,体现出如下几个共性价值特征:一是贵族作家群落构成其创作主体,他们以重建新王朝文学为己任,自觉或不自觉地用创作和理论领起、规范出一代文学并使其更为艺术化,从而推动文学的自觉;二是这些体派作家所表现出的片面讲求诗文艺术形式的倾向,往往激发起文学革新思潮,有时此种思潮甚至就由其内部发生,从而使历代宫廷文学体派大多具有启发文学革新思潮的价值;三是反映出其时贵族生活的风貌、文化心态和审美趣味,并一定程度地烘托、反映出特定历史时期的国家气象;四是体现出对女性超功利的审美倾向,并在美学史上创造出特定的贵族式女性审美模式。     

文化的核心

在中国,英语专业的学生通常要学很多门"外国文化"课,学得最多的是英国和美国文化概况.如今,不管是谁,只要对此加以关注,就不应该仅仅认识到文化课所传递信息的重要,更应该能明确列举出开设这些课所要达到的目标.