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141.
Silva KM Spinrad TL Eisenberg N Sulik MJ Valiente C Huerta S Edwards A Eggum ND Kupfer AS Lonigan CJ Phillips BM Wilson SB Clancy-Menchetti J Landry SH Swank PR Assel MA Taylor HB;School Readiness Consortium 《Early education and development》2011,22(3):434-460
RESEARCH FINDINGS: The purpose of this study was to examine the relations of children's effortful control and quality of relationships with teachers to school attitudes longitudinally in an ethnically diverse and economically disadvantaged sample. Data were collected as part of a larger intervention project during mid-fall, winter, and late spring (ns = 823, 722, and 758, respectively) for 2 cohorts of 3- to 5-year-olds (collected during 2 different school years). Children's effortful control was assessed in the fall with parents' and teachers' reports and 2 behavioral measures. Teacher-child relationship quality was assessed mid-year with teachers' reports of closeness and conflict. Attitudes toward school were assessed in late spring using teachers' and students' reports of school avoidance and liking. Effortful control, in general, was positively correlated with teacher-child closeness and school liking and negatively correlated with conflict and school avoidance. Using structural equation modeling and controlling for sex and ethnicity, we found that effortful control was positively related to teacher-child relationship quality, which in turn was positively related to school attitudes. Furthermore, the relation of effortful control to school attitudes was mediated by teacher-child relationship quality. PRACTICE OR POLICY: Results provide evidence for the importance of relational processes that take place within the classroom context and have implications for teachers and clinicians working to increase school success in ethnic minority and low-income children. 相似文献
142.
Andrew Gilbert 《Journal of Science Teacher Education》2011,22(5):393-415
This study chronicled the professional journeys of two beginning science teachers. The focus of the research effort documents
what brought them to science teaching and investigated their resulting career paths. Data artifacts for this instrumental
case study approach included: interviews, written survey responses, personal communications and member checks. All data was
transcribed and coded into emergent categories using a constant comparative analysis approach. The findings indicated that
their decisions to enter and leave teaching were a complex mélange of issues that included career disposition, notions of
isolation, overarching culture of the school, and future possibilities. However, most striking was their re-entry into teaching
on a temporary basis after considerable time away from the classroom, which suggests that teachers develop a sense of agency
regarding their career decisions. This may require researchers to reconsider how we view teacher decision-making within the
context of teacher attrition and mobility. Implications for science teacher education indicate that some teachers may enter
the profession considering teaching to be a transition into a different career path. Secondary science teachers may perceive
multiple career options (beyond the classroom) based on their preparation and teaching experience. Further implications and
possibilities for science teacher education are discussed. 相似文献
143.
Radio is migrating to digital transmission, expanding its offerings to include captioning for individuals with hearing loss. Text display radio requires a large amount of word throughput with minimal screen display area, making good user interface design crucial to its success. In two experiments, we presented hearing, hard-of-hearing, and deaf consumers with National Public Radio stories converted to text and examined their preferences for and reactions to midsized and small radio text displays. We focused on physical display attributes such as text color, font style, line length, and scrolling type as well as emergency alert messages and emergency prompts for drivers, announcer identification schemes, and synchronization of audio and text. Results suggest that midsized, Global Positioning System (GPS)-style displays were well liked, synchronization of audio and text was important to comprehension and retrieval of story details, identification of announcers was served best with a combination of name change in parenthesis and color change, and a mixture of color and flashing symbols was preferred for emergency alerting. 相似文献
144.
Michael Fullan 《Journal of Educational Change》2011,12(2):141-145
Throughout his career, Andy Hargreaves has continuously pushed the boundaries of knowledge and practice in the field of educational
change. He has broken new ground so often that I have come to think of him as a “frontier man.” Andy has also been a generous
mentor to colleagues and students enhancing the level of scholarship and expertise in his field. His pioneering work around
the culture of teaching and school change has resulted in brilliant treatises that have prompted reflection and action among
educators over the years. In this tribute, I reflect on Andy’s work over the 25 years that I have known and collaborated with
him as a friend and colleague highlighting his contributions to the field of educational change as a researcher, writer, teacher,
and a highly respected consultant. 相似文献
145.
Using a sample of 867 students in Grades 5–12, the present study investigated whether students’ perceptions toward the instructional
environment in classrooms that employed Universal Design for Learning differed by school grade level and teacher gender. High-school
students in the study showed higher perception scores than upper-elementary or middle-school students in the personalisation
and participation aspect of the classroom environment. The results for teacher gender indicated that students in the study
perceived a more personalised classroom environment with female teachers than with male teachers. Policy implications and
methodological considerations are provided for future study. 相似文献
146.
147.
The relationship between cognitive style and trainee teacher conceptions of differentiation was studied to develop appropriate
scaffolding of their learning. 149 trainee teachers enrolled on 1 year postgraduate initial teacher education (ITE) programmes
at two UK universities completed the Cognitive Style Index (Allinson and Hayes, Journal of Management Studies, 33(1):119–135,
1996; Hodgkinson and Sadler-Smith, Journal of Occupational and Organisational Psychology, 76(2):243–268, 2003) and a questionnaire exploring their understanding of differentiation, conceptions of learning and learning preferences.
A stratified sample of these trainees was also interviewed to assess their understanding and prior knowledge of differentiation
and learning styles and how they would plan for these in the classroom. Responses were coded using content analysis procedures.
Cognitive style was found to impact on trainees’ conceptions of differentiation; for example, trainees demonstrating higher
levels of analysis and intuition had a more developed understanding of differentiation than other cognitive styles. In relation
to the findings, the use of a constructivist pedagogical tool: a Personal Learning Styles Pedagogy (Evans and Waring, Zhang
& Sternberg (Eds.), Perspectives on the nature of intellectual styles, 2009) is presented to inform the reconceptualisation of ITE programmes. In so doing, the use of this tool addresses key issues
raised in recent international policy debates concerning the necessary development of ITE for twenty-first century learner
needs. 相似文献
148.
Andrew Noyes Geoff Wake Pat Drake 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2011,9(2):483-501
This paper explores the potential impact of a national pilot initiative in England aimed at increasing and widening participation
in advanced mathematical study through the creation of a new qualification for 16- to 18-year-olds. This proposed qualification
pathway—Use of Mathematics—sits in parallel with long-established, traditional advanced level qualifications, what we call ‘traditional Mathematics’ herein. Traditional Mathematics is typically required for entry to mathematically demanding undergraduate programmes. The structure, pedagogy and assessment
of Use of Mathematics is designed to better prepare students in the application of mathematics, and its development has surfaced some of the tensions
between academic/pure and vocational/applied mathematics. Here, we explore what Use of Mathematics offers, but we also consider some of the objections to its introduction in order to explore aspects of the knowledge politics
of mathematics education. Our evaluation of this curriculum innovation raises important issues for the mathematics education
community as countries seek to increase the numbers of people that are well prepared to apply mathematics in science and technology-based
higher education courses and work places. 相似文献
149.
Michael R. Olneck 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2011,12(4):675-690
Multicultural policy in South Korea faces variants of challenges endemic to multiculturalism. These challenges are “dilemmas
of difference,” “variable terms of inclusion,” and “legitimacy.” In Korea, these challenges arise in a setting in which ethnic
diversity is of relatively recent origin, an ideology of ethnic homogeneity is prevalent, and official multicultural policy
is limited in its reach to those who are designated as “multicultural families,” that is families in which one spouse is Korean
and the other an immigrant, usually the wife, and their offspring. The exclusion of migrant workers and their families from
Korea’s multicultural framework poses a core contradiction in Korean multicultural policies. This contradiction must be resolved
if multiculturalism in education and other spheres is to promote equality and provide a foundation for national integration
on terms that are equitable to the diverse constituents of Korean society. Inevitably, this will require a redefinition of
what it means to “be Korean.” Even if multicultural policies fall short in their immediate effects on those toward whom they
are directed, multiculturalism represents a significant shift in the discourse of Korean identity and will be terrain on which
the status of diverse groups in Korea will be contested. 相似文献
150.
Todd D. Reeves Andrew A. Tawfik Fortunata Msilu Irfan Şimşek 《Journal of Research on Technology in Education》2017,49(3-4):245-259
This study investigated the distribution of incentives (e.g., certificates, badges) for massive open online course (MOOC) completion, and relationships between incentives and MOOC outcomes. Participants were 779 MOOC students internationally who participated in at least 303 different MOOCs offered by at least 12 providers. MOOC participants most commonly intended to receive, and in actuality received, free and paid course certificates of completion; other incentives (e.g., digital badges, postsecondary credits) were far less common. In addition, MOOC participants' intentions to receive both free and paid certificates were consistently and positively related to perceived learning and course completion, net other factors. (Keywords: massive open online courses, MOOCs, motivation, incentives, microcredentials, certificates of completion) 相似文献