Content and method in a thanatology training program for paraprofessionals

A training program of paraprofessionals was developed in a university teaching hospital. Trainees were exposed to seminars and a supervised practicum. The objectives of the experience included sensitization of persons in the natural helping network to (a) psychosocial needs of seriously ill persons and their families, (b) experience and comfort in interaction with such persons; (c) the structure of the health care delivery system, and (d) the usefulness of peer support groups.     

对体育教师实施"能本管理"的研究

科学管理体育师资队伍,充分发挥每个体育教师的工作潜能,是全面提高学校素质教育质量的重要保证。从怎样培养体育教师的工作能力、激发体育教师工作的潜力及发挥好他们的聪明才智三方面论述了“能本管理”的概念、模式及对现实的重要意义。     

道家哲学思想对太极拳理论的影响

武术是中国的传统化,其中太极拳理论的形成是以道家哲学思想为基础,其拳理拳论、风格特点和价值取向,处处体现道家“依乎天理,顺其自然”的哲学思想和“虚静,守寂不争,为而不持”的精神境界及“贵柔守雌,柔弱胜刚强”的道家风度。道家哲学思想是太极拳哲理的理论基础。     

MODELS OF EVALUATION AND THEIR RELATION TO STUDENT CHARACTERISTICS

The union and disjunction models for combining individual test marks to yield final grade distributions were outlined. It was expected that these models would differentially favor students according to their characteristic methods of learning and studying. The models were examined empirically in two educational psychology classes; five performance assessments were available, as well as eleven dimensions of study behavior and academic attitudes. While there was a substantial correlation between the distributions derived from the two models, they were found significantly to favor different student characteristics. The union model, relative to the disjunction model, favored students who were dependent, who interrelated different aspects of their course work, who scheduled their work and who rote-learned material. These differences were interpreted in terms of the educational assumptions underlying the two models. Some implications of the study for grading practice were suggested.     

A Comparison of Text-Based Methods for Detecting Duplication in Scanned Document Databases

This paper presents an experimental evaluation of several text-based methods for detecting duplication in scanned document databases using uncorrected OCR output. This task is made challenging both by the wide range of degradations printed documents can suffer, and by conflicting interpretations of what it means to be a duplicate. We report results for four sets of experiments exploring various aspects of the problem space. While the techniques studied are generally robust in the face of most types of OCR errors, there are nonetheless important differences which we identify and discuss in detail.     

Nurses' use of computer databases to identify evidence for practice--a cross-sectional questionnaire survey in a UK hospital

The objectives of this study were to determine nurses' use of electronic databases to inform practice. A questionnaire survey of 114 nurses working on five acute wards in a large inner city teaching hospital investigated their general use of computers and the three databases, CINAHL, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library. Eighty-two qualified nurses responded (response rate 72%). The results show limited confidence and low frequency in using the databases. Thirty-four per cent expressed low confidence using CINAHL. Twenty-seven per cent used CINAHL on a regular basis. Twenty-two per cent never used it. Eighteen per cent were unaware that it was available locally. Knowledge and use of MEDLINE was even lower with only 18% using it regularly. Knowledge of the Cochrane Library was extremely limited, with 75% unaware of its existence. Use of a home computer and higher education were associated with higher frequency of use of CINAHL and MEDLINE. If nurses are to make use of electronic resources to contribute to evidence-based practice, effort needs to be put into ensuring that already qualified nurses have basic computer skills and specific knowledge of available resources. More emphasis should be placed on 'evidence-based' resources, such as the Cochrane library, as sources of information for practice.