伊犁北部博罗霍努岩体年代学和地球化学研究及其大地构造意义

博罗霍努岩体是发育在新疆伊犁北部的一个大型海西期花岗岩体，总体沿近SE-NW向分布，出露面积逾2000km^2。该岩体主要包括三类花岗岩：灰黑色辉石闪长岩、浅色黑云母花岗岩和紫红色黑云母钾长花岗岩。锆石U-Pb La-ICP-MS定年表明，辉石闪长岩的年龄为301±7Ma．黑云母花岗岩的年龄范围为294±7～285±7Ma，而黑云母钾长花岗岩则形成于280±5～266±6Ma。岩石地球化学分析显示，黑云母花岗岩和钾长花岗岩以准铝或弱过铝I型花岗岩为主，个别属于弱过铝S型花岗岩。在微量元素方面，这些花岗岩均富集轻稀土而亏损重稀土，但来自两个剖面的花岗岩具有不同的稀土元素配分模式，可能代表它们的岩浆源区有所不同，因此需要进一步对这些花岗岩进行同位素地质学研究。相对于洋脊花岗岩而言，博罗霍努岩体的花岗岩明显富集K，Rb，Ba和Th，同时，显著亏损Nb，Ta，Y和Yb。以上地球化学特征及微量元素判别图表明，这些花岗岩类形成于俯冲有关的火山岛弧环境。结合伊犁及邻区岩浆岩的特征及其时代，可以认为博罗霍努岩体的形成与天山北部洋壳向南的俯冲造山作用有关。西天山北部俯冲造山作用最终在中二叠世结束，并在中—晚二叠世进入陆内造山和伸展拉张阶段。     

“一带一路”沿线文化与合作交往模式探究:基于社交媒体大数据的心理分析

理清"一带一路"沿线国家或地区的民心特点,并找到有效的合作交往模式,是关系到国家战略实施的重大问题。但是,由于地域辽阔、民族众多,且地缘政治、经济、文化因素(如原苏联影响、欧美国家殖民、宗教传统等)异常复杂,传统的分析方法往往难以奏效。该研究结合文化心理学和大数据分析技术,利用社交媒体Twitter数据来分析"一带一路"沿线国家或地区的自我表征特点(独立性或个人主义),并建立自我表征与社会信任(普遍信任、特殊信任)的预测模型,以探究与"一带一路"沿线国家或地区合作交往的行为模式,即:自我表征是独立,还是互依;人际关系偏好是陌生人之间的普遍信任,还是熟人间的特殊信任。结果表明,"一带一路"沿线国家或地区在自我独立性这一个人主义文化指标上存在较大的变异,且主要受欧美国家殖民历史和当地宗教传统的影响;此外,针对陌生人、外国人的普遍信任与针对家人、熟人的特殊信任,可以通过个人主义指标来预测。总之,"一带一路"沿线的文化是多样的,可以通过社交媒体产生的海量语料库快速计算其个人主义指标,并以此来建立自我表征与社会信任的预测模型。该研究为分析"一带一路"战略区域的"民心"特点、探索当地合作交往的行为模式提供了新的技术路径。     

Is graphic activity cognitively costly? A developmental approach

The present experiment was carried out to test the hypothesis that the use of the written mode increases the working memory load. Second and fourth graders were orally presented with series of unrelated words which they were required to recall in sequence. Each subject had to recall five different lists in the following conditions: oral alone, written, oral with a concurrent task (tapping, categorization, drawing). Participants recalled more words in the oral condition than in either the written mode or the `oral and categorization' conditions. Moreover, second graders performed better in the oral mode than in the `oral and drawing condition'. This trend was not significant with older children. Finally, the tapping task did not affect children's performance. The results are consistent with our cognitive load hypothesis.     

Tablatures of musical tastes in contemporary France: distinction without intolerance

In France, the social-stratification model based on Bourdieu's Distinction is still one of the main theoretical models used to analyse cultural tastes. The distinction model asserts a hierarchical classification of tastes and genre and an aesthetic judgment based on rejection. In the musical field, Richard A. Peterson challenged the model showing the eclectism and the mix of classical and popular genres among the tastes of elite. Changes in taste judgements in multicultural societies problematise the understanding and representation of the structuration of tastes. In reference to the 2008 statistical survey on French cultural practices and tastes, this article challenges conventional understandings of the taste patterns informing music consumption in contemporary France. In doing this, the article utilises a ‘tablature of tastes’ model which infers the incommensurability of musical genres and taste judgments no longer based on “rejections/dislikes” but rather on “openness/tolerance” or “indifference/ignorance”. Our analysis tests the “tablatures” of musical likes, dislikes and indifferences hypothesis within the French population through a factor and classification analysis method. Six classes of musical taste emerge with a limited share of dislikes and a strong age differentiation. It confirms a major transformation in judgments of taste in the musical field.     

Effect of antioxidants and exercise on bone metabolism

We examined the effects of antioxidant supplementation in association with progressive aerobic training on the bone metabolism of healthy elderly individuals. For 8 weeks, 13 participants (mean age 74 years) received vitamin C (500 mg) and vitamin E (100 mg) daily and participated in a supervised progressive aerobic training programme. After the 8 weeks, 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D concentrations were increased significantly by 42.8% (P < 0.001) and 26.8% (P < 0.01) respectively, while parathyroid hormone concentration was decreased by 17.5% (p < 0.05). Of the bone markers, only bone alkaline phosphatase decreased, by 14.6% (P < 0.05). No variation was observed for ionized calcium, insulin-like growth factor-1 or insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3. Our findings suggest that 8 weeks of combined antioxidant supplementation and aerobic training modified vitamin D metabolism and parathyroid hormone concentration. These adaptations might counterbalance the unfavourable hormonal profile frequently observed in the elderly that predisposes them to accentuated age-related bone loss.     

A new family of carbonaceous cathodes for rechargeable batteries through electronic structure tuning engineering

Electric vehicles(EVs)and grid storage for renewable energies will require batter-ies in tens of millions of tons,and thus they need to be sustainable.EVs call ...     

Probability of outlier analysis in weak GPS signal acquisition

In this paper, global positioning system (GPS) signal acquisition is investigated under weak signal conditions, when a catastrophic deterioration in performance begins to occur causing outliers to happen in range estimation. The paper compares conventional detection techniques in GPS signal acquisition. The theoretical probability of outlier is derived for GPS Gold code and compared to the probability of outlier using Monte Carlo simulation. In addition, the theoretical probability of outlier for coherent detection technique is also derived. A novel binary hypothesis test is introduced which is used to generate a new set of curves to analyze the performance of detectors in weak signal conditions.     

So young and already victims of stereotype threat: Socio-economic status and performance of 6 to 9 years old children on Raven’s progressive matrices

The aim of this study was to verify whether children from low socio-economic status (SES) are victims of stereotype threat. Children in first grade (6 to 7 years old) and third grade (8 to 9 years old) performed Raven’s progressive matrices, an intellectual ability test commonly used by psychologists. The test was presented either with the (evaluative) instructions recommended by Raven et al. (1998) or with non evaluative instructions. Children’s SES and beliefs concerning differences of abilities at school as a function of SES were also assessed. The results indicated that, as early as first grade, participants believed that children from high SES are better at school than children from low SES. Furthermore, low SES participants’ performance on the Raven’s matrices was lower in the evaluative condition than in the non evaluative condition. The experimental instructions did not affect high SES participants’ performance. The discussion explores implications of these results in the use of standardized tests to assess the intellectual abilities of low SES children.     

Longitudinal emotional process among adolescent soccer player in intensive training centre

ABSTRACT

Grounded in Lazarus’s (1999) cognitive motivational relational theory of emotions, this study aimed to explore longitudinal relationships between appraisals, everyday emotions related to the competitive environment and emotional regulation strategies during a competitive season. Forty adolescent soccer players (Mage = 15.8) involved in an intensive training centre from a professional club voluntarily participated to the study. A series of hierarchical linear modelling analyses were conducted upon the 9 measurement times to: (a) examine the relationships between appraisals (threat, challenge, loss), pleasant (happiness, excitement) and unpleasant (anxiety, dejection, anger) emotions, and emotional regulation strategies (adaptive and less adaptive); and (b) ascertain whether the relationships between appraisals and emotions were mediated by emotion regulation strategies. The results of the random coefficient regression models showed: (a) positive relationships between challenge appraisal, adaptive emotion regulation, and pleasant emotions as well as between threat and loss appraisals, less adaptive emotion regulation and unpleasant emotions; and (b) mediating effects of emotional regulation strategies in the appraisals – emotions relationships. As a whole, this study furthered knowledge base about the competitive environment in showing that appraisals, emotion regulation and emotions are intertwined psychological constructs in a dynamic relationship allowing athletes to continuously adjust to their constantly changing everyday demands.