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51.
ABSTRACTWe report on biological control of an active infestation by biscuit beetles (Stegobium paniceum) of museum objects (Old Masters paintings) in the storage facilities of the Museum of Fine Arts in Vienna. Because chemical and non-chemical treatment methods would have been very problematic, the release of parasitic wasps (Lariophagus distinguendus) was discussed and accepted by the director of the collection. We released 3000 wasps every month from August 2013 until September 2014 in the two infested storage rooms and monitored the activity of biscuit beetles on sticky blunder traps and light traps, and also by visual inspection. In the insect monitoring of 2014 until 2018 no more biscuit beetles were found in the two storage depositories, showing that the treatment was 100% successful. To our knowledge, this is the first proof of a fully successful biological control of a museum pest using parasitoids only, and also of stored product/food pest, outside a laboratory experimental setup. This biological pest control method allowed avoiding negative side effects such as contamination from treatments with biocides, or costly logistics in case of chemical-free methods. 相似文献
52.
In this paper we present a detailed synthesis of the development of the Human Genome Project (HGP) from the mid 1980s through 2000, in order to test our hypothesis of “social bubbles”, which claims that strong social interactions between enthusiastic supporters weave a network of reinforcing feedbacks that lead to widespread endorsement and extraordinary commitment by those involved, beyond what would be rationalized by a standard cost-benefit analysis in the presence of extraordinary uncertainties and risks. The HGP was initiated as a public project funded by government agencies, starting at a moderate pace. The progressive introduction of different actors and the development of various interests catalyzed the project, which eventually became eminent both in the public and private sectors. The competition between the public and the private sector played greatly in favor of both: the financial burden as well as the horizon of the public project were significantly reduced, the private project(s) gained from the hype of the public project, yet had to play an active and collaborative role in order to remain in the game. This is at the core of the social bubble hypothesis. To further our argument, we present quantitative analysis of the development of the biotech sector within the financial stock market. Lastly, we point to the fact that the hypes fueling the bubble during its growth have not been followed by real tangible outcomes over the short expected time horizons. Indeed, at the time of writing (May, 2011), the consensus of the scientific community is that it will take decades to exploit the fruits of the HGP. 相似文献
53.
Alleviating cross-cultural challenges of Indian subcontinent students: University staff perspectives
Kansal Monika Chugh Ritesh Weber Anthony Macht Stephanie Grose Robert Shah Mahsood 《Tertiary Education and Management》2022,28(2):171-185
Tertiary Education and Management - The growth in student numbers from the Indian subcontinent countries has increased exponentially in the Australian higher education system over the past decade.... 相似文献
54.
Lise Stengaard Hansen Monika Åkerlund Terje Grøntoft Morten Ryhl-Svendsen Anne Lisbeth Schmidt Jan-Erik Bergh Karl-Martin Vagn Jensen 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2012,13(1):22-27
The brown carpet beetle Attagenus smirnovi, Zhantiev 1973 (Coleoptera: Dermestidae) is an important pest of objects of organic origin in museums of cultural and natural history in Europe. Future climate changes are expected to lead to increasing temperatures, which will affect the pest status of this species. In the present study a laboratory investigation was conducted to elucidate the effect of temperature and humidity on the amounts of organic material consumed by larvae of A. smirnovi. In the case of new and old skin, consumption was approximately twice as high at 28 °C compared to 20 °C. Wool was consumed in the greatest amounts: 169 mg of wool was consumed in three months by 30 A. smirnovi larvae. The expected future climate changes in Scandinavia are assumed to lead to higher temperatures in museums and stores where climate is not regulated. Updated data on the present distribution of A. smirnovi in Europe show that it is widespread and common, also in regions with a climate that does not support its survival out of doors. Thus, dispersal of this pest probably only rarely occurs by flight, but usually with human activity. Due to the widespread distribution of A. smirnovi, it is likely that damages in museums and collections in Scandinavia due to this pest will increase as climate changes come into effect. 相似文献
55.
Two studies investigated the role of children's moral motivation and sympathy in prosocial behavior. Study 1 measured other-reported prosocial behavior and self- and other-reported sympathy. Moral motivation was assessed by emotion attributions and moral reasoning following hypothetical transgressions in a representative longitudinal sample of Swiss 6-year-old children ( N = 1,273). Prosocial behavior increased with increasing sympathy, especially if children displayed low moral motivation. Moral motivation and sympathy were also independently related to prosocial behavior. Study 2 extended the findings of Study 1 with a second longitudinal sample of Swiss 6-year-old children ( N = 175) using supplementary measures of prosocial behavior, sympathy, and moral motivation. The results are discussed in regard to the precursors of the moral self in childhood. 相似文献
56.
Monika Wertfein Anita Spies‐Kofler Fabienne Becker‐Stoll 《Early Years: An International Journal of Research and Development》2009,29(1):19-31
The purpose of this study conducted in 36 infant–toddler centres (Kinderkrippen) in the city of Munich in Bavaria/Germany was to explore structural characteristics of early child care and education and their effects on child care quality. Stepwise regressions and variance analysis (Manova) examined the relation between quality of care and structural characteristics such as group size, staff competence and preparation time. A multi‐respondent approach was employed, including self‐report questionnaires of educators (Erzieherinnen) as well as data on local working conditions collected from the directors of the centres. The findings of this study suggest that different sets of variables can be used to predict quality of education for under‐threes. The practitioners' reported quality of education was found to relate to higher competence (with regard to centre programme, documentation, teamwork and staff qualification), better orientation towards the children's needs and better working atmosphere. Furthermore there were multivariate effects of the availability of and networking with external specialists, preparation time, and grouping arrangements within the centre such as changing from a home‐group approach to an open‐group setting. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for research and the basic impact of education in early childhood. 相似文献
57.
The article presents results of a study on the correlation between value preferences and attitudes towards individuals with a disability. Five hundred and eighty respondents took part in the research, among them 300 special needs teachers (SNT) and 280 general teachers (GT). Attitudes towards Individuals with a Disability Scale and Brzozowski’s Scheler Value Scale were used in the research. Significant correlations (Pearson’s r) between attitudes towards individuals with a disability and value preference were found only in the group of SNT and solely in terms of vital values. Canonical analysis showed significant complex correlations between value preferences and attitudes towards individuals with disability in SNT. Preference for the lower values and the rejection of the higher values correlate with ambivalence and with negative attitudes towards individuals with a disability. In the case of GT, the canonical variable is not statistically significant. 相似文献
58.
R. S. Sharma K. K. Gaur P. C. Pal Monika Manocha Deepak Tomar Arif Azam Khan Vinita Tripathi Vineeta Chattree A. Kriplani 《Indian journal of clinical biochemistry : IJCB》2005,20(1):173-183
Progress in diagnosis of infertility, has been dramatically increased during the past decades with changes occurring in virtually
all aspects of infertility research, thus providing innovative diagnostic testing and sophisticated instrumentation for improved
management and treatment of infertility. There are about 50% of infertile couples who are suffering because of male infertility.
Semen examination is a basic investigation for these infertile couples. It not only reveals the quantity and quality of sperm
but also the quality of the seminal plasma, which is essential for normal sperm function. In this review, the recent advancement
in investigation procedures has been analyzed which are very important in clinical practice to (a) evaluate the sperm fertilizing
ability (Acrosin, aniline blue, HOS), (b) characterization of male accessory sex glands secretions (Fructose, alpha-glucosidase,
PSA) and (c) the management of azoospermic patients. It is believed that use of such diagnostic procedures will facilitate
wide selection of patients for whom an effective therapy might be then possible. 相似文献
59.
Swedish Doctoral Students' Experiences on their Journey towards a PhD: Obstacles and opportunities inside and outside the academic building 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
The overall aim of this article was to provide a picture of how doctoral students experience their working conditions on their journey towards a PhD. It is based mainly on an extensive pilot study and comprised both a qualitative and a quantitative section. The questionnaire was distributed to 278 students of both sexes at Umea § University in Sweden and the interview study comprises six female students. Interest in working at the university after receiving a PhD was about as great for women as it was for men, although, significantly fewer women continued. Different aspects of insecurity (financial insecurity, insecurity concerning one's own capacity, and insecurity concerning unwritten rules), difficulty in combining an academic career and a family, as well as negative experiences, were some of the obstacles mentioned. The opportunities described included intellectual development and a good chance for in-depth study in a special field. Several of the students also felt that their work involved something of importance. Many mentioned freedom, but often as a kind of Janus face (two-faced) freedom. They emphasised the advantages of freedom in doing research, but maintained at the same time that this freedom also meant that there was no clear dividing line between work and leisure time, and the women in particular felt under stress. 相似文献
60.
Monika Murzyn-Kupisz 《Journal of Cultural Heritage》2013,14(2):156-162
Drawing on the existing research on the socio-economic impact of cultural heritage on local and regional development, the author's aim is to further the scientific discourse in two ways. Firstly, she focuses on the economic and social significance of private investors as important actors implementing heritage restoration projects. Although these initiatives are often primarily commercial in character, they may nonetheless exert a strong, broadly positive influence on local and regional development processes, especially if a cluster of such projects develops within a relatively small area richly endowed with a specific type of heritage. Secondly, she provides empirical evidence from Central and Eastern Europe, a region little explored to date by studies of this type. Accordingly, the article examines the specific context of post-1989 private heritage-oriented investments in historic palace and garden residences in the region of Lower Silesia in Poland, a heritage previously unwanted, ethnically and ideologically dissonant, but nowadays being rediscovered to an increasing extent. 相似文献