The counseling needs of foreign students

This paper reports the findings of three studies of the counseling needs of international students at a medium sized University in the Midwestern region of USA. The studies were conducted over a period of five years (1977–83), and provide an historical perspective on the changes in student needs as well as in the programs designed to respond to these needs.     

Mathematics classrooms in Japan, Taiwan, and the United States

Observations were conducted in Chinese, Japanese, and American classrooms during mathematics classes. Activities in 20 representative classrooms were observed in each of 2 grades (1 and 5) and in each country. Some observations focused on individual children and others on the teachers. Large cross-cultural differences were found in many variables related to classroom structure and management. These differences paralleled differences in achievement in mathematics among the 3 countries. A number of these variables also were significantly related to average level of mathematics achievement within the American classrooms.     

同源异变:文华图专、巴黎图书馆学校、日本图书馆学校初建期本土化比较研究

中法日图书馆学专业教育先驱文华图专、巴黎图书馆学校和日本图书馆学校均效仿美国图书馆学校而建。本文采用历史研究法和比较研究法,借助档案、回忆录及其他史料,从创办人与师资、课程与教学、培养目标与学生、办学经费与机构隶属等方面,对三校初建期的本土化路径开展比较研究。研究认为,图书馆学教育本土化是包括“人”、知识体系、“物”等在内的综合的本土化建构;本土化对于新建机构能否顺利度过初建期至关重要;三校中本土化程度最高的是文华图专,走出了图书馆学教育的“中国道路”,其次是日本图书馆学校,实行的是“渐进的本土化”,巴黎图书馆学校的国际化有余但本土化不足,其最终关闭与发展战略的失误有深层次关系。本文通过国际比较更为清晰地展现了以文华图专为代表的中国图书馆学教育本土化的发展路径与国际方位,三校本土化的经验或教训对于建设“中国的图书馆学”及其“走出去”过程中在他国的本土化具有现实参考价值。参考文献94。     

用好养好黑土地的科技战略思考与实施路径——中国科学院“黑土粮仓”战略性先导科技专项的总体思路与实施方案

\"黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程(黑土粮仓)\"战略性先导科技专项(A类)是中国科学院实施\"黑土粮仓\"科技会战,深入贯彻落实习近平总书记关于\"把黑土地用好养好\"系列指示精神的核心抓手。该专项立足国家粮食安全战略目标,针对东北黑土地保护与利用面临的关键科学技术难题,根据问题导向、创新引领和示范带动的思路,以\"目标清、可考核、用得上、有影响、推得开、留得下\"为原则,开展黑土地保护与利用的核心技术攻关和区域适宜性模式示范,致力于形成用好养好黑土地的系统解决方案,服务国家粮食安全产业带建设和现代农业发展。     

水下无人航行器回收技术研究

本文阐述了水下UUV对接回收的几种方式,以及这些对接回收方式的优缺点。分析了影响水下UUV对接回收技术的力学、控制以及导航等关键技术难题和相应的解决思路,探讨了水下UUV对接回收技术的发展趋势。