Cumulative Trauma Exposure and Mindfulness in College Students

The authors evaluated the cumulative effects of multiple trauma exposure and examined discrete mindfulness facets concerning trauma‐related outcomes among undergraduate students (N = 157). By using self‐report questionnaires, the authors found that higher trauma exposure was associated with more severe trauma symptomatology and psychological distress as well as lower quality of life. Furthermore, 4 mindfulness facets differentially predicted trauma outcomes. The authors discuss implications for college counseling counselors and researchers.     

Anti-communist films sponsored by the US government in Singapore and Malaya: on the New York Sound Masters Inc.

This article examines anti-Communist films made by Hollywood in Cantonese and Malay in Singapore and Malaya in the Cold War context of the “Campaign of Truth.” In the early 1950s, the United State Information Agency, an arm of the State Department, secretly commissioned and funded New York Sound Masters Inc. to produce and shoot several anti-Communist films in Singapore and Malaya. In 1953, cinemas across Malaya and Singapore screened Singapore Story and Kampong Sentosa, two Cold War products of the “Campaign of Truth.” In addition to analysing the ideology of these films, this article also combines declassified archive material from the US and Singaporean National Archives with primary materials from UK, US, Singaporean, and Malayan periodicals from the Cold War era in order to explore how these two films use Malay and Cantonese to narrate a Hollywood’s version of the Singaporean story. As these two films have been largely passed over in scholarship and the films and archives have not been regularly accessible, records of these films are absent from histories of film and television in the US, Singapore, and Malaya. This article aims to remedy this absence.     

Cross-cultural differences in apology

The current study examined the effects of national culture (U.S., China, and Korea) and interpersonal relationship type (a stranger and a friend) on apology. Findings revealed that participants (N = 376) from the three cultures differed in their perceptions of the offended person's emotional reaction and their propensities toward apology use (i.e., desire, obligation, and intention to apologize, as well as their perception of normative apology use). Regardless of their cultures, participants showed stronger obligation and intention to apologize to a stranger than to a friend. With regard to the intention to apologize, both American and Korean participants showed a greater discrepancy between themselves and their estimate of most people in their own culture than did Chinese participants. Although participants from the three cultures did not differ in their propensities toward apology use for a friend, both American and Chinese participants showed greater discrepancy than did Korean participants for feeling obliged to apologize to a stranger. For intention to apologize to a stranger, both American and Korean participants, compared to Chinese, showed greater discrepancy between themselves and their estimate of most people in their own culture. Other findings and implications thereof are discussed in more detail in the paper.     

The effects of mathematical modeling on creative production ability and self-directed learning attitude

What should we do to educate the mathematically gifted and how should we do it? In this research, to satisfy diverse mathematical and cognitive demands of the gifted who have excellent learning ability and task tenacity in mathematics, we sought to apply mathematical modeling. One of the objectives of the gifted education in Korea is cultivating creative production ability. Another objective is to develop the self-directed learning attitude of the gifted. To examine the objectives, Mathematical Modeling was applied to the gifted. We analyzed the behaviors of the mathematically gifted students attending the class, which applied Mathematical Modeling to assess the potential for cultivating creative production ability. And in the aspect of the self-directed learning attitudes, two groups were compared: the gifted students who participated in the Mathematical Modeling class and other gifted students who did not. From these results, Mathematical Modeling is proposed as an appropriate program to achieve educational objectives for the mathematically gifted students.     

THE USE OF THE BASC‐2 FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF FEMALE ADOLESCENTS AT RISK FOR DEVELOPING AN EATING DISORDER

Eating disorders, disordered eating, and body dissatisfaction prevalence rates are on the rise among adolescent females. The present study examined the potential use of a commonly used social–emotional instrument, the Behavior Assessment System for Children‐Second Edition (BASC‐2), for detecting the presence of possible eating disorders in adolescent females in a school setting. Participants included 65 female adolescents aged 13 to 17 years from Midwestern public middle and high schools. The Eating Disorder Inventory‐Third Edition was used to determine eating disorder risk and level of body dissatisfaction. Those adolescents at risk for developing an eating disorder differed significantly on 12 of the 16 BASC‐2 scales, whereas four of these scales were also in the clinically significant range according to the BASC‐2 normative sample. A common profile of a female adolescent at risk for developing an eating disorder was explored. Implications of the findings and recommendations for future research are discussed.     

The effect of problem-based video instruction on student satisfaction, empathy, and learning achievement in the Korean teacher education context

The purpose of this study is to investigate whether or not the use of video can have a positive effect on satisfaction, empathy, and learning achievement in problem-based instruction among Korean college students majoring in education. To achieve this purpose, this study compared the findings from three dependent variables in problem-based video instruction with those in problem-based text instruction. The results indicate that there were statistically significant differences in learner satisfaction, empathy, and learning achievement between students who received problem-based video instruction and students who received problem-based text instruction. Consequently, the findings of this study imply that video can be an effective medium to present authentic situations in order to enhance student satisfaction, empathy, and learning achievement in problem-based instruction. This study might be significant in expanding the potential use of problem-based video instruction and in establishing an example of problem-based video instruction for Korean college students majoring in education.     

新加坡高中H2华文与文学新课程的评估研究

新加坡于2014年推行了新的H2华文与文学课程。为了考察新课标实施的状况以及实施可能带来的变化,教育部课程规划与发展司委托新加坡华文教研中心进行一项为期三年的评价性研究。研究主要分为学习评估与教学评估两方面,前者主要关注学生华语文状况与学习前后的语言能力表现;后者关注华语课堂的教学实践、教师对新课程的期望及调适等。本研究将对高中新课标的实施,从教师、学生、课堂教学以及教学效果各个方面进行全方位的扫描,并为教育决策者提供较为真实、全面的高中H2华文与文学教与学的状况信息。