近代以来我国体育本体属性遮蔽的观念史考察——以赫伊津哈的游戏论为分析视角

摘要：游戏是人类文化的本质,一切文化包括体育文化都因游戏而生。立足于胡塞尔现象学还原的方法论指导,以“回到历史事实”的文本意义阐释为主,主要采用文献资料法,对近代以来我国体育运动的价值变迁进行历史回溯和分析,在具体的社会发展阶段、时间节点与个案呈现中,阐释体育运动在我国被赋予的国族观念和民族身份。论文从文化历史学的角度对赫伊津哈《游戏的人》中的游戏形式和功能特征进行阐释,文化滥觞期的仪式化行为具有游戏的一切基本特征,体育从其起源及其发展进程中的仪式化是其重要的宗教性隐喻表征和再现;自由、娱乐和人性是体育的本体属性表征;从赫伊津哈游戏的理论、特征、体育的文化表征即为游戏的境界出发审视近代以来我国体育价值观念嬗变的过程,立足于本体论和价值论的哲学视野认为新时期我国体育发展要坚持“以人为本”的体育本体价值回归、体育本源中游戏、娱乐精神的强调以及规范、长效的竞赛制度的建立和维护的学理认知。     

从文化的历时性和共时性看中华武术的发展

中华武术受儒、释、道等传统文化影响颇深,并由此脱离了简单的拳脚状态,深深地根植于中华文化中,是中华民族在长期的生活与战争实践中逐渐积累和发展起来的宝贵文化遗产。文章采用文献资料研究方法,从文化的历时性和共时性两个方面来论述中华武术的发展。     

我国职业体育竞赛表演业的组织机制研究

职业体育竞赛表演业组织治理机制是指导、监管和控制职业体育竞赛表演行业组织运作的制度和方法的一个完整系统.研究我国体育竞赛表演行业组织结构的现状,分析我国体育竞赛表演业组织机制存在的问题,从内部治理以及外部治理的角度给出了相关建议.     

太极拳运动无形资产及其开发战略研究

通过文献资料、专家咨询、逻辑分析等方法对太极拳运动无形资产进行研究,在对太极拳运动无形资产的概念界定和内容研究的基础上,提出太极拳运动无形资产开发现状与存在问题,最后提出太极拳运动无形资产的开发战略构想和战略目标,为太板拳运动无形资产开发提供理论参考.     

Geographic clustering of economic activity: The case of prominent western visual artists

This article compiles original data relating to artists’ place of birth and work migration patterns using various art history dictionaries. The broad historic pattern, from the 13th to the 20th century, of the birth locations of prominent artists is examined, followed by a detailed study of the work migration patterns of prominent artists in two important situations, namely Renaissance Italy and France in part of the 19th century. The evidence indicates a marked clustering of activity of prominent artists, both arising from birth location and migration patterns. Some possible explanations for the observed patterns are briefly outlined.

The validity and reliability of a sample of 10 Wattbike cycle ergometers

ABSTRACT

The purpose of the study was to assess the validity and inter-bike reliability of 10 Wattbike cycle ergometers, and to assess the test–retest reliability of one Wattbike. Power outputs from 100 to 1000 W were applied using a motorised calibration rig (LODE) at cadences of 70, 90, 110 and 130 rev · min^?1, which created nineteen different intensities for comparison. Significant relationships (P < 0.01, r² = 0.99) were found between each of the Wattbikes and the LODE. Each Wattbike was found to be valid and reliable and had good inter-bike agreement. Within-bike mean differences ranged from 0.0 W to 8.1 W at 300 W and 3.3 W to 19.3 W at 600 W. When taking into account the manufacturers stated measurement error for the LODE (2%), the mean differences were less than 2%. Comparisons between Wattbikes at each of the nineteen intensities gave differences from 0.6 to 25.5 W at intensities of 152 W and 983 W, respectively. There was no significant difference (P > 0.05) between the measures of power recorded in the test–retest condition. The data suggest that the Wattbike is an accurate and reliable tool for training and performance assessments, with data between Wattbikes being able to be used interchangeably.     

The Persuasive Influence of Nollywood Film in Cultural Transmission: Negotiating Nigerian Culture in a South African Environment

The popularity and viewership of Nollywood films have expanded across African and Western cities especially those with considerable Diaspora population. This study seeks to investigate whether watching Nollywood films is likely to lead to cross-cultural transmission of Nigeria’s cultural heritage to audience members in South Africa. Data for the study were collected using observation and surveys with Likert-type scales involving participants from a South African college. Results show that watching Nollywood films was significant in increasing participants’ knowledge and appreciation of Nigerian culture. Observed patterns indicate that a small portion of participants could mimic or reproduce some common Nigerian expressions and exclamations while a negligible percentage of participants could actually speak a smattering of Igbo, one of Nigeria’s three major languages.     

A novel sleep optimisation programme to improve athletes’ well-being and performance

Objectives: To improve well-being and performance indicators in a group of Australian Football League (AFL) players via a six-week sleep optimisation programme. Design: Prospective intervention study following observations suggestive of reduced sleep and excessive daytime sleepiness in an AFL group. Methods: Athletes from the Adelaide Football Club were invited to participate if they had played AFL senior-level football for 1–5 years, or if they had excessive daytime sleepiness (Epworth Sleepiness Scale [ESS] >10), measured via ESS. An initial education session explained normal sleep needs, and how to achieve increased sleep duration and quality. Participants (n?=?25) received ongoing feedback on their sleep, and a mid-programme education and feedback session. Sleep duration, quality and related outcomes were measured during week one and at the conclusion of the six-week intervention period using sleep diaries, actigraphy, ESS, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Profile of Mood States, Training Distress Scale, Perceived Stress Scale and the Psychomotor Vigilance Task. Results: Sleep diaries demonstrated an increase in total sleep time of approximately 20?min (498.8?±?53.8 to 518.7?±?34.3; p?<?.05) and a 2% increase in sleep efficiency (p?<?0.05). There was a corresponding increase in vigour (p?<?0.001) and decrease in fatigue (p?<?0.05). Conclusions: Improvements in measures of sleep efficiency, fatigue and vigour indicate that a sleep optimisation programme may improve athletes’ well-being. More research is required into the effects of sleep optimisation on athletic performance.