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51.
Gwen Nugent Bradley Barker Greg Welch Neal Grandgenett ChaoRong Wu Carl Nelson 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(7):1067-1088
The purpose of this research was to develop and test a model of factors contributing to science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) learning and career orientation, examining the complex paths and relationships among social, motivational, and instructional factors underlying these outcomes for middle school youth. Social cognitive career theory provided the foundation for the research because of its emphasis on explaining mechanisms which influence both career orientations and academic performance. Key constructs investigated were youth STEM interest, self-efficacy, and career outcome expectancy (consequences of particular actions). The study also investigated the effects of prior knowledge, use of problem-solving learning strategies, and the support and influence of informal educators, family members, and peers. A structural equation model was developed, and structural equation modeling procedures were used to test proposed relationships between these constructs. Results showed that educators, peers, and family-influenced youth STEM interest, which in turn predicted their STEM self-efficacy and career outcome expectancy. STEM career orientation was fostered by youth-expected outcomes for such careers. Results suggest that students’ pathways to STEM careers and learning can be largely explained by these constructs, and underscore the importance of youth STEM interest. 相似文献
52.
With the adoption of the English Language Arts Common Core State Standards, writing has become an increasingly important area of instruction. Moreover, there has been an increased sophistication in the types of writing required of young children and the use of textual evidence expected in student writing. Historically, children have not been routinely taught explicit strategies for writing, but have been exposed to less rigid writing instruction such as Writer's Workshop. The current study examined an explicit writing strategy, the Read-to-Write Strategy, to determine its effectiveness in teaching young children how to write sequential text. A single subject design (N = 40) was used to compare the writing of second graders before and after instruction. Results indicated that the Read-to-Write Strategy significantly increased the quality of sequential text from the pre- to post-instruction with a large effect size reported. Implications and recommendations for educators and researchers are provided. 相似文献
53.
This article offers a modified conceptual framework to help classify and describe the array of challenges faced by higher
education institutions when performing institutional research (IR) functions in cross-continental settings. This study is
based on the experiences of IR offices at two universities: one with an undergraduate program of 1,000 students in Madrid,
Spain; and the other with campuses in Austria, England, Switzerland, and the Netherlands, serving 1,000 students.
An earlier version of this article was presented at the 14th Annual EAIR Forum, European Higher Education Society, Vrije Universiteit
Brussel, Belgium, September 6–9, 1992. 相似文献
54.
55.
Neal Shambaugh Susan Magliaro 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2001,49(2):69-92
Although there are numerous models to practive instructional design (ID), few instructional models to teach instructional
design have been documented. This article documents a five-year study of two instructors who collaborated on formally studying
their teaching of a master's level instructional design course. A reflexive instructional approach was used, in which the
teachers examined their teaching while students were being prompted to reflect on their learning of instructional design through
a course-long ID project. In this article we summarize our views on learning, teaching, and instructional design. A design
and development framework from developmental research (Richey & Nelson, 1996) was used to describe our teaching in terms of
the design decisions, model implementation, and model evaluation across six deliveries of the ID course from 1994–1998. 相似文献
56.
57.
Peter D. Mundy Jason P. Lake Patrick J.C. Carden Neal A. Smith Mike A. Lauder 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2016,15(1):23-35
There are two perceived criterion methods for measuring power output during the loaded countermovement jump (CMJ): the force platform method and the combined method (force platform + optoelectronic motion capture system). Therefore, the primary aim of the present study was to assess agreement between the force platform method and the combined method measurements of peak power and mean power output during the CMJ across a spectrum of loads. Forty resistance-trained team sport athletes performed maximal effort CMJ with additional loads of 0 (body mass only), 25, 50, 75 and 100% of body mass (BM). Bias was present for peak velocity, mean velocity, peak power and mean power at all loads investigated, and present for mean force up to 75% of BM. Peak velocity, mean velocity, peak power and mean power 95% ratio limits of agreement were clinically unacceptable at all loads investigated. The 95% ratio limits of agreement were widest at 0% of BM and decreased linearly as load increased. Therefore, the force platform method and the combined method cannot be used interchangeably for measuring power output during the loaded CMJ. As such, if power output is to be meaningfully investigated, a standardised method must be adopted. 相似文献
58.
Susan G. Magliaro Neal Shambaugh 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2006,54(1):83-106
Mental models are one way that humans represent knowledge (Markman, 1999). Instructional design (ID) is a conceptual model
for developing instruction and typically includes analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation (i.e., ADDIE
model). ID, however, has been viewed differently by practicing teachers and instructional designers (Kennedy, 1994). In a
graduate ID course students constructed their own ID models. This study analyzed student models for (a) what ADDIE components
were included (by teacher, nonteacher), and (b) model structural characteristics (by teacher, nonteacher). Participants included
178 students in 12 deliveries of a master's level ID course (115 teachers, 63 nonteachers). Our conceptual ID model is presented,
and the ID model task is described. Students most frequently represented design, followed by program evaluation, needs assessment,
development, and implementation. In terms of structural characteristics, 76 models were characterized as metaphoric, 61 dynamic,
and 35 sequential. Three interrelated conclusions and implications for ID learning are offered.
Susan G. Magliaro [sumags@vt.edu] is Director of the School of Education and the Center for Teacher Education at Virginia
Tech. Neal Shambaugh is Assistant Professor of Instructional Design & Technology in the College of Human Resources & Education
at West Virginia University.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
59.
60.
White‐collar crime is both an integral part of undergraduate criminology courses and textbooks and the subject of enduring analytic controversy. Much of the latter can be traced to two conflicting but unrecognized conceptual paradigms employed by investigators and teachers when they examine white‐collar crime: Populist and Patrician. These perspectives differ in definitional approach to the concept, explicit recognition of the criminality of offenses committed by respectable citizens, how much attention is paid to the victims and costs of white‐collar crime, the analytic centrality of criminalization, and the variables and dynamics that purportedly explain variation in offending. Preference for one or the other analytic paradigm to some extent is predictable on the basis of a scholar’s educational background, type of institutional placement and disciplinary training. Explicit acknowledgment and pedagogical use of conflicting paradigms hold the potential to enhance students’ ability to think critically about white‐collar crime. It also makes clear that the disagreements that plague this area of inquiry are deeply rooted and thus are unlikely to be resolved soon. 相似文献