The Effects of Early Experience on Face Recognition: An Event-Related Potential Study of Institutionalized Children in Romania

Data are reported from 3 groups of children residing in Bucharest, Romania. Face recognition in currently institutionalized, previously institutionalized, and never-institutionalized children was assessed at 3 time points: preintervention ( n  = 121), 30 months of age ( n  = 99), and 42 months of age ( n  = 77). Children watched photographs of caregiver and stranger faces while event-related potentials were recorded. Results demonstrate that institutionalized children show pervasive cortical hypoarousal in response to faces and that foster care is somewhat effective in remediating this deficit by 42 months of age. All 3 groups of children distinguished between the familiar and unfamiliar faces. These results have the potential to inform an understanding of the role of early experience in the development of the neural systems that subserve face recognition.     

留学的可知风险(1780～1880):国家主义、国际主义与美国大学的起源

在美国从殖民地走向独立的过程中,政治领袖们常常将教育视为国家进步的工具之一.学校和学院成为培养国家认同感和民族统一的理想场所,教育的"功用"与对国家繁荣、安全、和谐的追求紧密结合.美国革命初期,民族领袖们就教育与国家发展提出了一系列提议.其中,他们着重考虑了国立大学的提议--即建立一所确保美国立于世界开化国家之列的研究生教育机构.每一个关于国立大学的提案中都包含追求国家独立与清楚认识美国与欧洲的持续联系的深层矛盾.一些人认为欧洲能提供最好的高等教育机会,另一些人则警示国人有可能遭受来自海外的政治和学术"污染".因此.美国独立战争后主要的矛盾就在于留学海外的可知风险.本文认为,1780～1800年间,阻止未来的领导者留学海外的希望是推动美国高等教育发展的主要动力.     

Agency,sociomateriality, and configuration work

Social informatics research offers insights into the relationship between information technologies and social contexts. However, the material roles of information technologies, and their interplay with the agentic work of social actors, have not been addressed. Drawing on a field study of 37 mobile knowledge workers, we examine the dual material roles (enabling and constraining) played by information technologies in their work practices. We also investigate how these workers exert agency by fashioning multiple information technologies into a functioning digital assemblage. Although information technologies provide consequential affordances that enable mobilization of work across spaces and times, they simultaneously present design-driven, local, organizational, and temporal technological constraints that require mobile knowledge workers to engage in “configuration work” to make information technologies function effectively. Building on a sociomaterial perspective, we further discuss the interplay of information technologies and work practices enacted by mobile knowledge workers, in which both human and technological agency are materialized.     

Shifting Lenses to Deepen Reflection and Connection in Human Sexuality Education

Photovoice, a participatory action research method, supports deep, personal reflection through the use of photography, personal narrative development, and group discussion. This lesson plan describes the use of Photovoice as a pedagogical tool in an undergraduate human sexuality course. The goal of this activity is to encourage students to 1) think beyond the texts presented in class, 2) make critical connections to their own lived experience and community context, and 3) deepen reflection through sharing and discussing with others. The lesson plan describes the process of bringing Photovoice into the classroom as well as student insights on the activity.     

论技术向工程转化的公共风险

风险是可能发生也可能不发生的危险.技术向工程转化的公共风险是指发明出来的技术转化为工程、变为消费者使用的产品或服务时可能给公众带来的危险,具有不确定性、难以计算性、相对性、广泛性等特征.它可以分为不同的类型,根据风险作用对象的不同可以分为自然(生态)风险、社会风险和健康风险;根据风险产生的技术来源的不同可以分为核风险、化学风险、基因风险等.     

Statistical Procedures Used in Multiple-group Experiments

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine if differences in mental imagery exist among groups of university women varying in experience, interests, and abilities in motor skills. Subjects for this study were 77 women, all of whom were associated with the Pennsylvania State University. Included were 14 physical education faculty members, 18 senior physical education majors, 19 freshman physical education majors, and 26 freshman nonmajors. Mental imagery was measured with three imagery tests developed specifically for this study. Test data were analyzed and treated statistically using analysis of variance and Duncan's new multiple-range test. The four groups did not differ significantly in their ability to recognize previously presented geometric forms or previously presented motor acts. The three major groups were significantly superior in remembering details of motor demonstrations when compared to the least experienced.     

Frequency Distributions and Standards of Anthropometric and Physical Performance Measures for College Women

Abstract

Frequency distributions of the records of a random selection of 200 college women in a nonmajor required program on anthropometric and physical performance measures commonly employed in physical education were compared with best-fitting normal curves for the same data. A table of random numbers was used to secure the sample. A percentile table for the various measurements was constructed. It was concluded that various measurements commonly employed by physical educators give a non-normal distribution. Hence, the obtained distribution as found on various measurements in this study does not warrant treating these data as normal.     

中学英语教学中德育方法初探

在现行的英语教育中,许多教师往往片面的强调学生对英语基础知识的理解和掌握,强调学生英语应试能力而忽略了德育目标在英语教学中的渗透,忽略了对学生思想道德品质的培养.本文就这一问题进行了探讨,着重阐述了产生这种现象的原因,并提出了在中学英语教学中的具体德育方法.     

Teaching social studies to high school students with academic handicaps in a mainstreamed setting: effects of a computerized study guide

This research investigated the effectiveness of a computerized study guide, in comparison to a notetaking condition, as a method to increase textbook comprehension among students with learning disabilities and remedial education pupils enrolled in a ninth-grade world geography class. Results indicated that the computerized study guide produced significantly higher performance than notetaking for both groups of students. There was no significant difference in the performance of the two groups within treatments. Several practical issues concerning the implementation of computerized study guides in secondary programs serving students with academic handicaps are discussed.