ESI研究前沿的科学图谱及在纳米领域的应用

[目的/意义] 运用文本分析与可视化等方法绘制基本科学指标数据库（Essential Science Indicators,简称ESI）研究前沿的科学全景图谱,在此基础上绘制全球研究前沿视野下的纳米研究前沿图谱,分析中国在世界纳米前沿的科研表现。[方法/过程] 计算研究前沿间关联关系,利用OpenOrd布局算法可视化科学图谱,并根据图谱中研究前沿的位置关系自动识别研究前沿群。选取含纳米文章超过60%的研究前沿,结合专家判读绘制纳米研究前沿图谱。[结果/结论] 研究表明,科学图谱揭示的科学结构与作者先前的研究成果和业界已有科学图谱的分布较为一致,能有效揭示ESI研究前沿数据隐含的科学结构特征,反映科学前沿分布情况。以世界纳米前沿全貌图为基图,叠加中美在各研究前沿的论文份额,对比分析了中国和美国在世界纳米前沿上优势及发展重心的差异,结合专家研判给出对策建议,助力纳米领域的发展趋势研究,取得了实际应用价值。     

Lifestyle, body composition, and physical fitness changes in Hungarian school boys (1975-2005)

General socioeconomic conditions as well as the physical environment have undergone remarkable changes in Hungary during the past 30 years. Unfortunately, these positive processes have resulted in a reduction of habitual physical activity along with unfavorable changes in dietary habits. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to compare some selected morphological and functional parameters of 7-14-year-old Hungarian schoolboys living in the middle of the 1970s and at the beginning of the new millennium. It was hypothesized that there would be significant differences in morphological and functional characteristics of the Hungarian schoolboy populations, because they were assessed 30 years apart. Means of height, body mass, body mass index (BMI), the sum of five skinfold tests, percentage of body fat, and two running performance times (400 m and 1,200 m) of the boys (N = 3,672) studied in 1975 were compared to those of the boys (N = 3,758) in 2005. Data were analyzed using two-tailed independent samples t tests (p < .05). We observed significant secular changes in body mass and height. In addition, boys in 2005 had significantly more subcutaneous fat compared to 1975. The running times for the two distances were significantly poorer at the time of the second investigation. The remarkable and unfavorable changes in body composition and cardiorespiratory performance were attributed to the continuously decreasing intensity of habitual physical exercise and a lifestyle that had become more sedentary (watching TV playing computer games, etc.). Radical interventions are necessary to reduce these risks associated with the high prevalence of cardiovascular disease in Hungary, and the challenge to resolve the problem requires combined efforts at the educational, societal, corporate, and governmental levels.     

浅析足球运球突破在比赛中的重要性

足球比赛中运球突破技术的合理运用,不但能直接获得射门的机会．而且在吸引对方防守力量,扰乱对方整体布局．给同伴造成更为有利的突破和射门机会等方面都有很显著的作用,通过对06年世界杯足球赛与04年欧锦赛运球突破技术运用情况的对比分析与研究得出结论。     

西方影响下的香港体育

研究集中于西方影响下之香港社区体育会(体育俱乐部)体制。一般认为会所制度是香港体制中一个较弱范围,在英国及世界上许多国家,社区体育会是体育制度的基石,也孕育出竞争性及团体精神,发掘体育潜能,加以锻炼,力求进步。故此,香港康体发展局设计出一个与西方类似的体育会制度,成功地协助13个不同体育项目成立了60多个社区体育会,会员人数达3000人以上。基于“自己参与自己付帐”的概念,这些社区体育会以自助形式运作,不需要政府额外财政负担。香港康体发展局采纳西方会所制度以推展香港中层体育发展。此计划不但提供机会给体育爱好者及青少年,同时亦有助提高香港整体体育水平。     

Indigenous knowledge practices for sustainable lifelong education in pastoralist communities of Kenya

International Review of Education - Despite setting high hopes on education, very few pastoral nomad children in Kenya transition from primary education to secondary education. This article argues...     

Scan and Learn: Quick Response Code Enabled Museum for Mobile Learning of Anatomy and Pathology

In the past, medical museums played a significant role in anatomy and pathology training. The attraction of medical museums has declined recently due to the emergence of information technology and innovative medical curricula. An innovative mobile learning platform has been developed using quick response (QR) codes for the museum specimens at the Lee Kong Chain School of Medicine, Singapore. High-quality images of the potted specimens were captured and combined into an album and a video using Adobe Acrobat Pro 9 and Windows Movie Maker, respectively. Subsequently, QR codes were generated linking to PDF documents with annotations, pathology, and clinical history concerning the specimens. Quick response codes were piloted in gastrointestinal teaching module for Year 2 medical students. Survey responses were obtained from students to verify the efficacy of QR as a learning tool. The majority of students either agreed or strongly agreed that it was easy to access the information about the specimen with QR codes (4.47 ± 0.84), while 96% of students agreed that they are able to correlate the specimen with the annotated images (4.56 ± 0.56). The majority of students (78%) agreed that QR codes are useful for their learning (4.22 ± 0.87), while 75% of students felt QR codes motivate them to visit Anatomy Resource Centre. Most of the students agreed that QR codes are useful for revision of materials (4.13 ± 1.07) and independent learning (4.38 ± 0.87). These findings suggest that QR codes are not only effective for students learning but also enhance their exploration experience with the museum specimens.     

Understanding and reducing the fear of COVID-19

Journal of Zhejiang University-SCIENCE B -     

我国文本阅读研究的回顾与展望

阅读活动是人类社会的一种重要而独特的活动,文本阅读研究是阅读心理研究的一个重要内容.我国的文本阅读研究虽然起步并不晚,但直到近三十年才有蓬勃发展.我国文本阅读研究的发展可以分为起步期和发展期两个时期.     

国外支撑中小企业信息网络的现状及启示

各国政府、政府间组织和公私机构纷纷创建支撑中小企业的信息网络 ,为中小企业提供政策、法律、技术、管理、金融、市场等信息。直至引导中小企业走向电子商务。对我国的启示 :基于政府的中小企业服务体系的建立和完善需要有自上而下的统一管理机构和规范 ;中小企业只有通过权威部门 ,利用网络技术建立中小企业征集数据库 ,才能真正解决中小企业的融资问题 ,使中小企业走上健康发展的道路