汪曾祺叙事文学中的性爱隐喻

性爱叙事是汪曾祺成长主题的一个组成部分。汪的兴趣不在于合礼仪合规矩的性爱,而在于那些越轨破戒的性爱,性爱也是其叛逆叙事的隐喻。汪小说中的女人大胆地表达出自己的性爱需求,无视所谓清规戒律。＂红杏出墙＂故事细腻地表现了女性在不幸婚姻中的困兽之斗。汪曾祺的叛逆意识构成,是一个复杂而独特的整体。既有民间文化成分,又有西方现代性文化因子,同时也与20世纪的五四启蒙文化有着千丝万缕的联系。买卖婚姻是造成女性主体性丧失的一种典型的婚姻方式。金钱婚姻作为女性＂物化＂的表现形式,最集中地体现了女性深层意识中求安稳的依附性和劣根性。     

Counselor Educators’ Perceptions of and Experiences with International Students

Thirty-six counselor educators’ perceptions and experiences with international student trainees were examined in this online survey research. Findings support the issues identified in the literature as confronting international students and also surface some issues specific to students in counselor training. International counselor education students tend to experience more difficulties in areas related to language, clinical training, adjustment, and cultural differences. Similarities and differences were also found within international student categories involving western and non-western countries and between international and domestic students. Counselor educators in general reported favorably on working with international students. Findings support attention being given to further examine the specific training and supervisory needs of international counseling students.Portions of this article were presented at the 2003 Southern Association of Counselor Education and Supervision Conference, Chattanooga, U.S.A. and at the 2004 American Counseling Association Convention, Kansas City, Missouri, U.S.A.     

网络教学平台使用的师资培动——香港理工大学的经验

面授和网上教学有机结合的整合式教学越来越成为高校教育和培训的主要模式。本文旨在介绍和分析香港理工大学教学发展中心（简称EDC）如何通过网上教学平台的功能,与面授教学结合起来,发挥面授教学和网上教学的各自优势,使教师培训更加有效。EDC的实践表明,在大学教师培训课程中,发挥网上教学的优势,能帮助学员弥补由于有限的面授教学产生的师生之间、学员和学员之间互动的不足。在网上学习中,通过互相的学习观摩和观念碰撞,能激发学员的学习兴趣,有效地促进学员之间进行探究性学习,同时,这种集体学习的方法,能促进在职教师之间的友好交往和学术交流。     

新疆高校民语言班级排球普修课分层教学的研究

新疆高校民语言班级学生因在排球运动基础方面存在较大差异,统一的教学目标、教学方法、练习方法、评定标准不能满足学生需求。分层教学是根据学生个体差异,合理运用因材施教原则的一种教学模式,运用分层教学能很好解决这一矛盾。     

The Quality of Message Ideas,Thinking and Interaction in an Asynchronous CMC Environment

One of the major shifts in education today under the influence of information and communication technologies is that there is an increased tendency toward the use of computer-mediated communications (CMC). CMC has developed an assortment of methods from simple e-mail to wireless instant messages and synchronous and asynchronous discussions. A large portion of the research in this area focuses on the pedagogical aspects of CMC particularly on the use, strategies, effectiveness and the integration of the new technologies for teaching and learning. Some studies investigate different perspectives of interaction like keeping track of asynchronous discussion, quality of participation, interaction and collaborative or group learning. This paper reports findings from the study that examines the quality of message ideas, thinking and interaction in an asynchronous CMC environment in a teacher training institution. The authors suggest some practical strategies in the implementation of asynchronous discussions in CMC environment. La qualité des messages d’idées, de la pensée et de l’interaction dans un environnement CMC asynchrone. Un des changements majeurs dans l’éducation aujourd’hui sous l’influence de l’information et des technologies de la communication est une tendance accrue À l’usage des communications par ordinateur (Computer-mediated Communications CMC). CMC a permis le développement de tout un assortiment de méthodes depuis de simples e-mail jusqu’À des messages sans fil instantanés et des discussions synchrones et asynchrones. Une grande partie de la recherche en ce domaine est centrée sur les aspects pédagogiques des CMC en particulier sur l’emploi, les stratégies, l’efficacité et l’intégration des nouvelles technologies pour l’enseignement et l’apprentissage. Certains études examinent les perspectives différentes de l’interaction. Telles que garder la trace des discussions asynchrones, la qualité de la participation interaction et l’apprentissage en coopération ou en groupe. L’article rapporte les résultats de l’étude qui examine la qualité des messages d’idées, la pensée et l’interaction dans un environnement de CMC asynchrone dans un établissement de formation des enseignants. Les auteurs suggérent des stratégies pratiques dans l’introduction de discussions asynchrones dans un environnement CMC. Die Qualität der übermittlung von Ideen, Denken und Interaktion in einem asynchronen CMC Umfeld Eine der wichtigsten Umstellungen der heutigen Ausbildung ist die unter dem Einfluss von Informations- und Kommunikationstechnologien verstärkte Tendenz, rechnergestützte Kommunikation (computer-mediated communications:CMC)

zu benutzen. CMC hat ein ganzes Arsenal von Methoden entwickelt, von der einfachen E-Mail bis zu drahtlosen Nachrichten und synchron oder asynchron geführten Diskussionen. Die Forschung in diesem Bereich konzentriert sich hauptsächlich auf die pädagogischen Aspekte von CMC, besonders auf die Nutzung, die Strategien, den Wirkungsgrad und die Möglichkeiten der Einbindung der Neuen Technologien zum Lehren und Lernen. Einige Arbeiten erforschen die verschiedenen Perspektiven

der Interaktion wie das Verfolgen von asynchronen Diskussionen, die Qualität der Beteiligung, der Interaktion und Zusammenarbeit oder dem Lernen in Gruppen. In diesem Beitrag wird über Ergebnisse der Studie zur Untersuchung der Qualität der übermittlung von Ideen, Gedanken und Interaktionen in einem asynchron arbeitenden rechnergestützten

System (CMC) einer Lehrerfortbildungseinrichtung berichtet. Die Autoren erläutern praktische Strategien zur Einbindung asynchroner Diskussionen in eine CMC-Umgebung.     

提高语文教师教学监控能力的策略探析

教学监控能力是语文教师教学素质的核心部分,是实现其自我发展的基本前提.本文在分析语文教师教学监控能力内涵及作用的基础上,试图寻求提高语文教师教学监控能力的策略,改善教师的教学行为,促进教师的专业化发展.     

对提高幼儿园教学活动有效性的思考

提高教学的有效性不仅是深化教育改革的基本任务,也是课程改革取得成效的重要保证.当前,在很多幼儿园,由于预设的教学目标空虚不实、教学过程缺少智慧的生成、教学活动的展开浅尝辄止,致使教学活动出现低效、无效甚至负效现象.本文从三个方面对提高幼儿园教学活动的有效性进行了探讨,认为有效的教学活动并不需要太多形式上的标新立异,并提出了其他相应的对策.     

Should I Stay or Should I Go? Examining the Career Choices of Alternatively Licensed Teachers in Urban Schools

In order to address the issue of persistent teacher shortages, urban districts increasingly rely on alternatively licensed teachers who are often viewed as well-suited to work in urban areas because of their greater age, life and work experiences, and understanding of diverse communities. Yet, research on the retention of these teachers remains inconclusive, with some notable studies suggesting that alternatively licensed teachers are as likely as their traditionally prepared counterparts to quit teaching or migrate out of urban school settings. In this study, we explore the process and salient considerations of five alternatively licensed math and science teachers deciding whether or not to continue teaching in a Midwestern, urban school district. Whereas previous studies typically examine teacher recruitment and retention issues through a narrow analysis of labor market incentives and other external inducements, our study situates teachers’ career decisions within a more holistic narrative that illustrates how individual actions are never determined by any single factor, but rather a web of simultaneous and sometimes contradictory forces generated by prior expectations and immediate realities that are professional as well as personal in nature.     

k-clique社区知识创新演化方法研究

提出一种基于k-clique社区的知识创新演化揭示方法。首先,构建科技文献时序关键词共词网络。然后,将共词网络划分为n个最大完整子网络Gs,在Gs中寻找k-clique(2 < k < s)。最后,在给定阈值k的情况下,计算k-clique社区的演化情况,从而揭示知识创新情况。该方法不仅能够有效揭示知识创新演化过程,而且能够通过k-clique社区的关键节点,揭示知识创新过程中的共性知识以及不同知识创新领域的互相影响情况。通过对碳纳米管研究领域2008-2012年SCI数据库论文数据的实验证明,该方法能准确识别出该领域知识创新主要方向,并能准确反映其演化情况。     

支持科技规划优先领域选择的战略情报与服务框架研究

认为国家科技规划优先领域选择需要完备的战略情报及对情报的深度分析,以英国、日本、韩国以及澳大利亚科工组织为例,分析其在科技规划优先领域选择过程中战略情报研究工作。借鉴各国优秀的做法,从科技规划优先领域选择的需求出发,构架支持优先领域选择的战略情报研究与服务框架,并进一步描述战略情报服务的具体内容和方法。