湘西自治州9-12岁农村留守儿童身体形态状况的研究

以掌握湘西自治州9-12岁农村留守儿童身体形态状况为研究目的,对苗族、土家族与汉族9-12岁农村留守儿童身高、体重、坐高、胸围、腰围、臀围6个身体形态指标进行测试。结果表明,在身高、体重、坐高、胸围的均数与年均增长值基本趋势是汉族>土家族>苗族,男生9-12岁各年龄段增长幅度逐年递增,女生10-11岁是增长幅度最大年龄段,出现发育突增期;不同民族在腰围、臀围的增长幅度并不遵循身高增长幅度规律。综合6项身体形态指标与全国同龄儿童比较,反映出湘西自治州9-12岁农村留守儿童属单细、瘦弱的体型。     

基于信号传递理论的在线评论有用性影响因素研究

[目的/意义]在线评论在消费者网络购物决策过程中解决信息不对称的作用日益显著,探索在线评论有用性影响因素对消费者和商家都具有重要意义。[方法/过程]以信号传递理论为框架,从与评论内容、评论者和反馈有关的信号构建在线评论有用性影响因素模型,同时考虑商品类型的调节作用,并分析了信号环境的影响。[结果/结论]通过亚马逊中国网站获取客观数据进行实证研究,发现负面评论、评论字数越多、评论含有图片、评论者对信息有披露、评论者排名越靠前、评论回应数量越多则评论有用性越高,商品类型在评论情感倾向、评论图片对评论有用性影响中起到了显著的调节作用,并且信号影响评论有用性受到信号环境的影响。     

A biomechanical comparison of conventional classifications of bowling action-types in junior fast bowlers

ABSTRACT

Fast bowling is categorised into four action types: side-on, front-on, semi-open and mixed; however, little biomechanical comparison exists between action types in junior fast bowlers. This study investigated whether there are significant differences between action-type mechanics in junior fast bowlers. Three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic analyses were completed on 60 junior male fast bowlers bowling a five-over spell. Mixed-design factorial analyses of variance were used to test for differences between action-type groups across the phases of the bowling action. One kinetic difference was observed between groups, with a higher vertical ground reaction force loading rate during the front-foot contact phase in mixed and front-on compared to semi-open bowlers; no other significant group differences in joint loading occurred. Significant kinematic differences were observed between the front-on, semi-open and mixed action types during the front-foot contact phase for the elbow and trunk. Significant kinematic differences were also present for the ankle, T12-L1, elbow, trunk and pelvis during the back-foot phase. Overall, most differences in action types for junior fast bowlers occurred during the back-foot contact phase, particularly trunk rotation and T12-L1 joint angles/ranges of motion, where after similar movement patterns were utilized across groups during the front-foot contact phase.     

The One and the Many: Enduring Legacies of Spearman and Thurstone on Intelligence Test Score Interpretation

ABSTRACT

Charles Spearman and L. L. Thurstone were pioneers in the field of intelligence. They not only developed methods to assess and understand intelligence, but also developed theories about its structure and function. Methodologically, their approaches were not that distinct, but their theories of intelligence were philosophically very different – and this difference is still seen in modern approaches to intellectual assessment. In this article, we describe their theories of intelligence and then trace how these theories have influenced the development and use of intelligence instruments, paying particular attention to score interpretation.     

Depressive Stories for Children

While stories with a depressing message are now common for teenagers, resistance to them remains where smaller children are concerned. But is this more a case of the publishers and providers concerned protecting their own particular image of childhood? This article looks at the case for books that also convey a sense of sadness to infants, starting with the stories of Hans Andersen and ending with some of the challenging picture books published more recently.     

Making on the Move: Mobility,Makerspaces, and Art Education

Combining the excitement from the maker movement and the novel creation of deployable makerspaces, we review the development of the Mobile Atelier for Kinaesthetic Education (MAKE) 3D. MAKE 3D is a mobile makerspace platform that can be deployed anywhere there is electricity to create a curricular spectacle of digital fabrication in particular additive manufacturing or what is more commonly referred to as 3D printing. Our project combines this notion of curricular spectacle and a mobile makerspace platform, to develop strategies in how to meet the novice user almost anywhere and to entice them into a series of hands‐on activities that would give them a range of knowledge and aptitude for additive techniques in digital fabrication. We review the component parts of our Material to Form curriculum and explore thematic connections between the maker movement and art education including STEAM and interdisciplinarity; design thinking and kinaesthetic learning; and place‐based education and the mobile platform. Informal practices in art education and the mobile makerspace advances forms of place and kinaesthetic learning. Similar curricular setups are therefore encouraged to reinforce and expand prior knowledge, broaden participation and provide an adaptable learning space for STEAM initiatives.     

Fe-Ti-C/ZL108复合材料的制备与性能

采用铸造法制备了 Fe-Ti-C/ZL108铝基复合材料,用SEM观察显微组织,进行了 EDS元素分析以及XRD物相分析,测试了力学性能.结果表明,增强相呈针状、板条状或团絮状,分布较均匀.增强体含量增加,针状和板条状的增强相形状及尺寸大小略有变化,由Al、Fe、Si反应生成,界面清洁;而团絮状的增强相逐渐长大,由Al、Ti、C生成,界面较模糊.增强相由Fe2SiTi、Al0.3Fe3Si0.7、Al4Si3C6等化合物组成;其反应机理为液-固反应.复合材料的力学性能因增强体承载、界面传载机制而提高.