网络反病毒系统的部署与实施

应用网络反病毒系统,网络安全管理者要全面了解、准确掌握计算机网络软硬件基础平台的相关状况,科学制定实施部署计划和管理办法,适时适度灵活调整系统运行配置.     

工程图样中重影点标注常见错误探讨

重影点不仅是工程制图中的一个重要概念,而且也是作图求解某些问题的重要理论依据.近年来出版的教材在作图求解的例图中,存在对重影点标注不规范的现象;甚至有些教材中另外加注的规定还淡化了重影点的概念.该文详细论述了重影点的概念、标注原则,以及如何标注空间点、线、面对某一投影面投影;同时又进一步详细分析了有些教材中在作图求解的例图中出现的重影点标注的错误,并给出了如何正确的标注.     

浅谈网球底线正手上旋球技术教学的重点环节

在网球各项基本技术中,正手上旋球是运用最多的一种击球方式,它的优点在于即有进攻性又有稳定性,通过对底线正手上旋球动作的技术分析并将分析结果运用到实践教学中,明确了上旋球技术教学的重点环节应该是挥拍的过程和击球时球与地面的倾斜角度.     

From abbey to archive: managing texts and records in early modern England

This article investigates the long-term transformations in England’s documentary storage regime wrought by the Reformation. Henry VIII’s Dissolution of the Monasteries famously resulted in the dispersal and destruction of many medieval texts and records, but he and his successors sponsored efforts to retrieve lost materials, which they then used in the formation of ecclesiastical policy. Elizabethan counselors expanded the scope of this project, applying their expertise in gathering records to secular issues and assiduously preserving their own documents. During James I’s reign, the Earl of Salisbury’s patronage gave new authority to the State Paper Office, encouraging the consolidation of a centralizing archive that integrated earlier methods of collection, preservation, and indexing in its operation and construction. The article thus offers an analytic trajectory tying the practices of Reformation to the development of expanding national archives in the seventeenth century.     

健美操结合运动处方教学对体育专业学生身体成分影响

随机选取体育教育专业选修健美操专项24名学生(男生16名,女生8名)为研究对象,采用自身对照法对进行2个月和4个月训练后的体重和肱三头肌、肩胛下、髂嵴上、腹部、大腿以及腓肠肌内侧六个位点的皮下脂肪厚度测试,同时计算身体脂肪百分比。结果表明,4个月长时间健美操运动处方教学能有效减轻学生体重,而且肱三头肌、肩胛下、髂嵴上三处的皮下脂肪厚度在经过健美操运动处方教学训练之后出现了显著性的下降。结论:长时间健美操结合运动处方教学训练可有效的减轻学生体重,且其减脂肪具有侧重性,可有效的降低上肢的脂肪厚度。     

Self-Initiated Learning Activities of Experienced Public School Teachers: Methods,sources, and relevant organizational influences

The self-initiated learning activities of experienced public school teachers are examined in this study. Twenty-two experienced teachers were interviewed to develop a greater understanding of the types of self-initiated learning activities in which they engage and the organizational characteristics that influence their participation in those activities. Analysis of the data showed that experienced teachers engaged in three types of self-initiated learning activities: knowledge exchanging, experimenting, and environmental scanning. Participation in these activities was influenced by the availability of resources, physical layout, and level of centralization in their schools. Implications of these findings for theory, practice, and future research in teacher learning and development are discussed.     

Estimating the Effect on Grades of Using Multiple-Choice Versus Constructive-Response Questions: Data From the Classroom

This study investigates the degree to which grades based solely on constructed-response (CR) questions differ from grades based solely on multiple-choice (MC) questions. If CR questions are to justify their higher costs, they should produce different grade outcomes than MC questions. We use a data set composed of thousands of observations on individual students in introductory economics classes at a large public university. We note that the instructors of these classes made conscientious efforts to write CR questions that assessed higher levels of learning (Bloom, 1956 Bloom, B. S. 1956. Taxonomy of educational objectives: The classification of educational goals, handbook 1: Cognitive domain. New York: McKay..  [Google Scholar]). Despite this, we find relatively little difference in grade outcomes. Our analysis suggests that switching from an all-CR assessment to an all-MC assessment would produce grade variations that are similar to the differences that are observed for students across different tests. Although other studies have focused on test scores, frequently AP test scores, our study is the first to focus attention on university grades. We hope that our inability to identify substantial benefits to CR questions in terms of grades will stimulate further research to identify substantive benefits from using the more costly CR questions.     

On Fitting a Multivariate Two-Part Latent Growth Model

The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of the number of targets specified on the quality of exploratory factor analysis solutions with a complex underlying structure and incomplete substantive measurement theory. Three Monte Carlo studies were performed based on the ratio of the number of observed variables to the number of underlying factors. Within each study, communality, sample size, and the number of targets were manipulated. Outcomes included a measure of congruence and a measure of variability with regard to the rotated pattern matrix. The magnitude of the main effect for the influence of the number of targets on congruence and variability ranged from moderate to large. The magnitude of the interaction between the number of targets and level of communality ranged from small to moderate with regard to congruence and variability. Consistent with theoretical expectations, the minimum number of targets to specify to be reasonably assured of obtaining an accurate solution varied across study conditions.     

湘西自治州9-12岁农村留守儿童身体形态状况的研究

以掌握湘西自治州9-12岁农村留守儿童身体形态状况为研究目的,对苗族、土家族与汉族9-12岁农村留守儿童身高、体重、坐高、胸围、腰围、臀围6个身体形态指标进行测试。结果表明,在身高、体重、坐高、胸围的均数与年均增长值基本趋势是汉族>土家族>苗族,男生9-12岁各年龄段增长幅度逐年递增,女生10-11岁是增长幅度最大年龄段,出现发育突增期;不同民族在腰围、臀围的增长幅度并不遵循身高增长幅度规律。综合6项身体形态指标与全国同龄儿童比较,反映出湘西自治州9-12岁农村留守儿童属单细、瘦弱的体型。