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171.
Massih R. Amini Anastasios Tombros Nicolas Usunier Mounia Lalmas 《Information Retrieval》2007,10(3):233-255
Documents formatted in eXtensible Markup Language (XML) are available in collections of various document types. In this paper,
we present an approach for the summarisation of XML documents. The novelty of this approach lies in that it is based on features
not only from the content of documents, but also from their logical structure. We follow a machine learning, sentence extraction-based
summarisation technique. To find which features are more effective for producing summaries, this approach views sentence extraction
as an ordering task. We evaluated our summarisation model using the INEX and SUMMAC datasets. The results demonstrate that
the inclusion of features from the logical structure of documents increases the effectiveness of the summariser, and that
the learnable system is also effective and well-suited to the task of summarisation in the context of XML documents. Our approach
is generic, and is therefore applicable, apart from entire documents, to elements of varying granularity within the XML tree.
We view these results as a step towards the intelligent summarisation of XML documents.
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Mounia LalmasEmail: |
172.
Laura Trinchera Nicolas Marie George A. Marcoulides 《Structural equation modeling》2018,25(6):876-887
Scales are important tools for obtaining quantitative measures of theoretical constructs. Once a set of measures to be used in a scale is selected, reliability is commonly examined in order to assess their measurement quality. To date, Cronbach’s coefficient alpha is the most commonly reported index of measurement quality for assessing scale reliability. In this paper, an asymptotic distribution of the natural estimator of coefficient alpha is derived. A new interval estimate and a statistical test on the significance of the sample estimate of the coefficient are also presented. The proposed approach is compared to four popular methods commonly used to compute confidence intervals (CI) for alpha using a Monte Carlo simulation study. An R function for implementing the proposed CI approach is also provided. 相似文献
173.
The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between force and velocity parameters during a specific multi-articular upper limb movement--namely, hand rim propulsion on a wheelchair ergometer. Seventeen healthy able-bodied females performed nine maximal sprints of 8 s duration with friction torques varying from 0 to 4 N x m. The wheelchair ergometer system allows measurement of forces exerted on the wheels and linear velocity of the wheel at 100 Hz. These data were averaged for the duration of each arm cycle. Peak force and the corresponding maximal velocity were determined during three consecutive arm cycles for each sprint condition. Individual force-velocity relationships were established for peak force and velocity using data for the nine sprints. In line with the results of previous studies on leg cycling or arm cranking, the force-velocity relationship was linear in all participants (r = -0.798 to -0.983, P < 0.01). The maximal power output (mean 1.28 W x kg(-1)) and the corresponding optimal velocity (1.49 m x s(-1)) and optimal force (52.3 N) calculated from the individual force-velocity regression were comparable with values reported in the literature during 20 or 30 s wheelchair sprints, but lower than those obtained during maximal arm cranking. A positive linear relationship (r = 0.678, P < 0.01) was found between maximal power and optimal velocity. Our findings suggest that although absolute values of force, velocity and power depend on the type of movement, the force-velocity relationship obtained in multi-articular limb action is similar to that obtained in wheelchair locomotion, cycling and arm cranking. 相似文献
174.
John Hedley Brooke Terry Dartnall Celia Roberts Sally Newcomb Rafe Champion Andrew Milne Martin Kelly Wendy Varney Orin Thomas Craig R. Stillwell Leonard G. Wilson Peter Anstey Jay L. Garfield Mark Colyvan Mark Cortiula John Merson Nicolas Rasmussen Nickolas Vakas John Forge Sunny Y. Auyang Clair Scrine Katharina Rowold 《Metascience》1999,8(3):444-514
175.
Casey J. Lister Tiarn Burtenshaw Bradley Walker Jeneva L. Ohan Nicolas Fay 《Child development》2021,92(6):2395-2412
Naturalistic studies show that children can create language-like communication systems in the absence of conventional language. However, experimental evidence is mixed. We address this discrepancy using an experimental paradigm that simulates naturalistic sign creation. Specifically, we tested if a sample of 6- to 12-year-old children (52 girls and 56 boys drawn from an urban, predominantly white population in Western Australia) can comprehend and create novel gestural and vocal signs. Experiment 1 tested children’s ability to comprehend novel signs. Experiment 2 tested children’s ability to create novel signs. Results show that children can comprehend and create gestural and vocal signs, that communication is more successful in the gesture modality, and that older children outperform younger children. 相似文献
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178.
Christelle Devos Gentiane Boudrenghien Nicolas Van der Linden Assaad Azzi Mariane Frenay Benoit Galand Olivier Klein 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2017,32(1):61-77
A central trend in qualitative studies investigating doctoral students’ dropout is to stress the importance of students’ integration and socialisation in their working environment. Yet, few of these studies actually compared the experiences of doctoral students who completed or quit their PhD. In order to overcome this limitation and identify the factors that differentiate these two groups, the present study interviewed 21 former doctoral students: 8 completers and 13 non-completers. The results show that what best differentiates these two groups of participants is the extent to which they feel that they are moving forward, without experiencing too much distress, on a research project that makes sense to them. We assume that this set of factors is central in the dropout process. Support from doctoral peers was found to play a positive role overall but did not contribute to differentiating the two groups, presumably because peers have a limited impact on dissertation progress. Supervisors’ support was central to the participants’ stories; it is thus assumed to play a role in the process, but this role is complex and needs further investigation. These results call for a stronger consideration of the doctoral task itself when investigating the process of persistence and attrition and for a more integrated framework that considers jointly both task- and environment-related aspects. 相似文献
179.
A tale of two logics: social reproduction and mobilisation in university access in Quebec, 1945–2000
Benoît Laplante Pierre Doray Nicolas Bastien Pierre Chenard 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2016,37(2):313-333
The 2012 Quebec students’ protests against university tuition fees fostered a debate on access to higher education in Quebec, and specifically on the Quebec ‘educational lag’. Using census data, we show that degree-holding is the same among Quebec French-speaking and Ontario English-speaking populations. Using event history analysis, we show that, during the second half of the twentieth century, university access increased at a different rhythm in each province and, within each province, within socio-linguistic groups. Quebec current education policy should not focus on the ‘educational lag’, which past policies have helped make up for, but on inequality in university access. 相似文献