关联理论和古汉诗词翻译

从关联理论的角度探讨古汉诗词英译。古汉诗词翻译实质也是一种交际活动，一种言语交际行为，在源语的理解和翻译过程中对语码的选择所依据的是最佳关联。     

鞋匠与银行家

一个鞋匠每天都在自己的歌声中度过.无论是你看到他,还是听到他的歌声,都会使你觉得很愉快.他非常满意这份职业,甚至觉得这种满足感要胜于当上古希腊的七贤人.与之相反,他的邻居却是个腰缠万贯的银行家,他不但很少唱歌,就连睡眠也很少.白天,他偶尔会打个盹,鞋匠的歌声时常会把他从睡梦中唤醒.于是,银行家便痛苦地抱怨上帝,为何不把睡眠也变为一种类似食品或是饮料那样可以买卖的东西呢.     

Hate and harassment in academia: the rising concern of the online environment

Higher Education - Hostile online communication is a global concern. Academic research and teaching staff are among those professionals who routinely give public comments and are thus vulnerable to...     

Language and reading impairments are associated with increased prevalence of non-right-handedness

Handedness has been studied for association with language-related disorders because of its link with language hemispheric dominance. No clear pattern has emerged, possibly because of small samples, publication bias, and heterogeneous criteria across studies. Non-right-handedness (NRH) frequency was assessed in N = 2503 cases with reading and/or language impairment and N = 4316 sex-matched controls identified from 10 distinct cohorts (age range 6–19 years old; European ethnicity) using a priori set criteria. A meta-analysis (N_cases = 1994) showed elevated NRH % in individuals with language/reading impairment compared with controls (OR = 1.21, CI = 1.06–1.39, p = .01). The association between reading/language impairments and NRH could result from shared pathways underlying brain lateralization, handedness, and cognitive functions.     

从白金预认证到三星级:中美绿色建筑分等评级程序的比较分析

2011年,作为全球最大能源使用国以及二氧化碳排放国,中美的建筑业所消耗的能源分别占到全国能源总消耗量的25%和40%。在建筑节能领域,绿色建筑的出现为消除建筑业所带来的对能源以及环境的负面影响提供了解决方法。为了促进绿色建筑的市场转型,推进设计和施工的差异化,中美均制定了国家绿色建筑分等评级程序以及配套政策。1998年,美国绿色建筑协会首次推出能源与环境先导设计(LEED),而中国政府则于2008年建立了中国绿色建筑评价标识(GBEL)。本文对美国LEED与中国GBEL评级程序、流程、评分系统以及扶持政策作了对比分析,研究发现,虽然两国所采用的绿色建筑设计以及操作评级程序的评分等级较为相似,它们在项目管理、评分要求和分配以及扶持政策类型等方面存在差异。美国能源与环境先导设计是由建筑产业利益相关者委员会制定并实施管理的。判断是否达到认证水平的灵活性更高。中国绿色建筑评价标识则是由政府操控的。判断是否达到评级水平的要求更为严格。但是,中国政府将在2014年下半年对中国绿色建筑评价标识的评级程序作出修正。本文对评级程序以及扶植政策的相似点以及差异是如何影响绿色建筑技术以及市场的发展作了分析,还讨论了绿色建筑未来发展可能面临的挑战以及政策导向意义。     

Return to play management after concussion in football: recommendations for team physicians

Abstract

A concussion is a rare but potentially serious injury of football players. Thus, an immediate and valid diagnosis, estimate of severity and therapeutic management is required. To summarise the published information on management of concussion with respect to a safe return to play (RTP), a literature search was conducted. Current guidelines on concussion in sports and significant studies on concussion in football were analysed. After concussion, management and RTP decision should remain in the area of clinical judgement on an individualised basis according to the current international guidelines. If a concussion is suspected, the player should not be allowed to RTP the same day. The RTP programme should follow a gradual step-wise procedure. A concussed player should not RTP unless he/she is asymptomatic and the neurological and neuropsychological examinations are normal. Untimely RTP bears an increased risk of sustaining another more severe brain injury and repetitive brain injury of long-term sequelae. In football, the management of concussion should primarily follow the recommendations proposed by the Concussion in Sports Group. Information and education of players and their medical and coaching team help to protect the players’ health. Future studies on concussion should include validated and detailed information on RTP protocols.     

Universities as partners in U.S. research joint ventures

This paper investigates the conditions when a research joint venture (RJV) will involve a university as a research partner. We hypothesize that larger RJVs are more likely to invite a university to join the venture as a research partner than smaller RJVs because larger ventures are less likely to expect substantial additional appropriability problems to result because of the addition of a university partner and because the larger ventures have both a lower marginal cost and a higher marginal value from university R&D contributions to the ventures’ innovative output. We test this hypothesis using data from the COoperative REsearch (CORE) database, and those data confirm the hypothesis.     

Computer-assisted remedial reading intervention for school beginners at risk for reading disability

The aim of the longitudinal study was to investigate whether a computer application designed for remedial reading training can enhance letter knowledge, reading accuracy, fluency, and spelling of at-risk children. The participants, 7-year-old Finnish school beginners (N=166), were assigned to 1 of 3 groups: (a) regular remedial reading intervention (n=25), (b) computer-assessed reading intervention (n=25), and (c) mainstream reading instruction (n=116). Based on the results, computer-assisted remedial reading intervention was highly beneficial, whereas regular type of intervention was less successful. The results indicated that at-risk children require computer-based letter-name and letter-sound training to acquire adequate decoding and spelling skills, and to reach the level of their non-at-risk peers.