Effect Mechanism of Structure-Changed Water on Heat Stability of Lysozyme

Theeffectofhydrationontheheatstabilityofbiologi calmacromolecules ,forexample ,lysozyme ,hasbeenstudiedbyanumberofresearchers.Thestudiesshowthattheheatstabilityoflysozymeisdirectlyrelatedtothehydrationamountandboundwateramountinlysozyme[1— 7] .Atthesametime ,differentialscanningcalorimetry(DSC)methodwasverifiedtobeaneffectivemethodforstudyingthestructureandheatsta bilityofbiologicalmacromolecules[8] .Inthiswork ,theeffectofmicrostructure changedwateronheatstabilityoflysozymeisstudiedbymeanso…     

论"良心"在道德建设和社会生活中的基础作用

良心是一种道德现象,是社会物质生活条件的反映。良心在人们的社会生活和道德生活中具有十分重要的作用。我们要培养和造就有理想、有道德、有文化、守纪律的一代社会主义新人,就必须充分发挥良心的社会作用,坚持马克思主义良心观的教育,培养和激发人们对社会主义现代化建设事业的高度责任感,自觉为建设高度的社会主义物质文明和精神文明而献身。     

What is good?

“What is the real good?”I ask in musing mood.“Order,”said the law court;“Knowledge,”said the school;     

Mothers of anxious/ambivalent infants: maternal characteristics and child-care context

A general model of the determinants of parenting was employed to explore the antecedents of the ambivalent attachment pattern in Israel. Specifically, three classes of variables were identified: maternal, infant, and child-care context. Participants were 98 mothers and their infants. This research was part of a longitudinal study on sleep patterns. Mothers filled out questionnaires and were observed with their infants in the Ainsworth Strange Situation laboratory procedure. Mothers of ambivalent infants showed lower education level, higher separation anxiety, and higher parenting stress than mothers of secure infants. Infants' perceived difficult temperament did not discriminate between the two groups. Longer hours spent at work and placement in group day-care were both associated with ambivalent attachment. The findings are discussed in light of the importance of considering distal factors such as maternal attitudes and general caregiving strategy in clarifying the antecedents of attachment patterns.     

浅析国外职业教育的“职业能力”培养机制

本文从“培养模式的定位”、“课程的设置”、“构建广阔的实训空间”、“师傅式的教师角色”和“人性化的管理体制”等环节论述了国外职业教育“职业能力”的培养机制。     

《化学选择题习题集》例解

《化学选择题习题集》是供英国高中化学复习和考查化学成绩用的,内容分选择题、分类题、多种组合题、分析和计算题以及实验操作题五部分,共编有一千多道题。这些习题包括有关化学事实材料的、推理的、分析问题的以及实验操作知识和技能的内容。这些习题可以考查学生掌握化学基本概念、基础理论、基本知识和基本技能的理解程度和熟练技巧,也可以培养学生分析问题和解决问题的能力。因此,这些习题可用作检查学生知识质量的试题,也可用作高中化学复习时的练习题。 《化学选择题习题集》从1969年发行以来,近十年里被英美等国广泛采用,1977年经过更新修订,再版发行,深受高中化学教师和大学化学基础课教师的欢迎和赞许。有鉴于此,特选译各部的示范例题和解答,供教师们参考、借鉴。     

产训结合的方方面面

本文是国际劳工组织亚太分局高级职业培训专家麦尔南多先生在今年9月召开的产训结合国际研讨会发言摘要。     

Drainage after total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroidal disorders

Objective: This prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the necessity of drainage after total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroidal disorders. Methods: A total of 116 patients who underwent total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroidal disorders were randomly allocated to be drained or not. Operative and postoperative outcomes including operating time, postoperative pain assessed by visual analogue scale (VAS), total amount of intramuscular analgesic administration, hospital stay, complications, necessity for re-operation and satisfaction of patients were all assessed. Results: The mean operating time was similar between two groups (the drained and non-drained groups). The mean VAS score was found to be significantly low in the non-drained group patients in postoperative day (POD) 0 and POD 1. The mean amount of intramuscular analgesic requirement was significantly less in the non-drained group. One case of hematoma, two cases of seroma and three cases of transient hypoparathyroidism occurred in the non-drained group, whereas one case of hematoma, two cases of seroma, two cases of wound infections and two cases of transient hypoparathyroidism occurred in the drained group. No patient needed re-operation for any complication. The mean hospital stay was significantly shorter and the satisfaction of patients was superior in the non-drained group. Conclusion: These findings suggest that postoperative complications cannot be prevented by using drains after total thyroidectomy or lobectomy for benign thyroid disorders. Furthermore, the use of drains may increase postoperative pain and the analgesic requirement, and prolong the hospital stay. In the light of these findings, the routine use of drains might not be necessary after thyroid surgery for benign disorders.     

Measuring the attitudes of human service professionals toward deafness

The Attitudes to Deafness Scale is a 22-item measure of attitudes toward people who are deaf designed for use with human service professionals. Attitude statements were generated from personal accounts by deaf people in the literature and from a focus group in which deaf people discussed their experience of hearing people's attitudes toward them. A 60-item scale was administered to a group of 121 clinical and forensic psychologists during their training. Item analysis was conducted to select items that effectively distinguished participants with a positive attitude from those with a negative attitude toward deaf people. The scale may be used in any context where a professional group comes into contact with people who are deaf.     

Early intervention for reading disabilities: teaching the alphabet principle in a connectionist framework

Forty-eight children referred by teachers at the end of first grade for difficulty in reading were randomly assigned to three treatments, all of which modeled connections between written and spoken words but did not teach phonics rules, for eight half-hour individual tutoring sessions. The children were taught 48 words of varying orders of spelling-sound predictability (Venezky, 1995) using a whole-word method, for making connections between a word's name and its constituent letters; a subword method, for making connections between each color-coded spelling unit and its corresponding phonemes; or a combined whole-word and subword method. Regardless of the method used, children improved reliably on standardized reading measures and the taught words, showing that they could make connections between written and spoken words at the whole word and subword levels, even when rules were not taught. By posttest, the subword method showed a reliable advantage on a standardized test of real word reading. Knowledge of sounds associated with both multiletter and single-letter spelling units predicted reading achievement. Order of spelling-sound predictability (easy, moderate, difficult) was correlated with standardized measures of reading at pretest and posttest, and the magnitude of the relationship increased as a result of the intervention. Individual differences in verbal intelligence, rapid automatized naming, and phonological and orthographic skills predicted response to the intervention. Instructional implications of the results are discussed.