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71.
72.
Previous studies have shown that the start plays a critical role in sliding events and explains more than 55% of the variance of the final time in luge. Experts evaluate the contribution of the arm strokes to be 23% of the total starting performance. The aim of the present study was to develop a measurement and feedback training tool (Speedpaddler) for the arm strokes of high-performance luge athletes. The construction is an aluminium alloy framework with a customary belt conveyor system, which is driven by two synchronized servo motors. Training is possible with constant speeds up to 12 m · s(-1) or several speed curves, which simulate the acceleration of different luge tracks. The construction facilitates variations in the inclination and speed of the conveyor belts and thereby the resistance and movement speed. If the athlete accelerates the conveyor belts during arm-paddling, the torque of the motors decreases. Torque measurements and high-speed video offer valuable insights into the several technique criteria. Comparisons of arm-paddle cycle durations on ice and on the Speedpaddler with 18 luge athletes (national team and juniors) showed no statistical differences. The Speedpaddler might be a useful tool to improve starting performance all year round. 相似文献
73.
Popadic Gacesa J Dragnic NR Prvulovic NM Barak OF Grujic N 《Journal of sports sciences》2011,29(6):635-641
The aim of this study was to determine whether triceps brachii muscle volume can be adequately estimated from a single anatomical cross-sectional area (ACSA) and can the same model be used for prediction after training. Thirty-five healthy male non-athletes (age 21.6 ± 2.5 years, body mass index 24.8 ± 3.5 kg · m(-2)) volunteered for this study. The volumes of the upper arm extensors were calculated from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence scans and regression models were developed, which were used to predict muscle volumes from single MRI cross-sectional scans taken at different points along the humerus length. The same procedure was repeated after 12 weeks of maximal resistance training of the elbow extensors. Correlation coefficients were calculated for Model A with CSA(max), humerus length (HL), and body mass index (r = 0.919), a model with CSA(50%) and HL (r = 0.922), and a model with CSA(60%) and HL (r = 0.920) (P < 0.001). The standard error of estimate for Model A, Model CSA(50%), and Model CSA(60%) was 8.0%, 7.7%, and 7.8% respectively. Thesame prediction formula can be used for the left arm (r = 0.904). If a single ACSA is used for triceps brachii volume prediction, the best fit is with Model CSA(60%) and HL, both before and after training (r = 0.941). By introducing humerus length into the calculation, we simplify the procedure for volume measurement, since it can be obtained during MRI scanning. 相似文献
74.
Otto Rauh 《Informatik - Forschung und Entwicklung》1997,12(3):117-127
Zusammenfassung. Redundante Komponenten in Entity-Relationship-Schemata führen zu Speicherverschwendung und Fehlern bei der Nutzung der aus
dem Schema gewonnenen Datenbanken. Zwischen Schemaredundanz und dem Konzept der ableitbaren Komponenten besteht eine enge
Verbindung, denn redundante Schemakomponenten sind stets ableitbar. Andererseits ist nicht jede ableitbare Komponente auch
redundant. Es wird deshalb zun?chst das Verh?ltnis zwischen redundanten und ableitbaren Komponenten diskutiert und eine Klassifizierung
eingeführt, welche die Modellierer bef?higt, entbehrliche von nicht entbehrlichen Komponenten zu unterscheiden. Eine spezielle
Art ableitbarer Komponenten, die Verkettung von Beziehungsarten, wird anschlie?end mit allen ihren Erscheinungsformen vorgestellt.
Au?erdem werden Methoden diskutiert, die helfen k?nnen, Verkettungen aufzudecken.
Eingegangen am 30. Mai 1996 / Angenommen am 8. April 1997 相似文献
75.
To determine the energy cost of low impact aerobic dance while varying arm movement height and the use of hand weights, 10 adults volunteered to participate in four choreographed trials. All trials consisted of identical leg movements. Arm movements, however, were performed above shoulder level both with and without 0.9-kg hand weights and below shoulder level both with and without 0.9-kg hand weights. Open circuit spirometry was employed throughout the 10-min videotape guided trials, and heart rate was measured by telemetry. Neither the use of hand weights nor the change in arm position height significantly altered the energy cost of low impact aerobic dance. However, heart rate responses were significantly different. Caution should be observed by aerobics instructors and participants as to the use of heart rate as an indicator of intensity for low impact aerobic dance. 相似文献
76.
Virginia Worley Stacy Otto Lucy E. Bailey 《Educational Studies A Journal of the American Educational Studies Association》2013,49(2):192-223
Rather than using literary texts to evidence an analytic argument, within this piece we read Julia McNair Wright's (US, 1840–1902), Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette's (France, 1873–1954), and Willa Cather's (US, 1873–1947) texts through theoretical lenses that expose their educational meaning and value and that create conversation among them concerning girls’ and women's educations. While we do not claim that one can generalize these women's works and lessons to every life, we contend that these women and the literary products they created offer girls and women powerful lessons about resistance, subversion, and nurturing one's intellect, lessons that in some ways transcend class and race in particular. First, we define and explain Bruner's concept of the more using Rosenblatt, Gallagher, and Gardner's theories and findings to illuminate his concept. Next, we identify and examine three themes that emerge across these authors’ texts—subverting through the everyday, becoming one's own steward, and moving from survival to self-actualization. Establishing these themes first in Wright's texts, we then use them to frame Colette's and Cather's fiction and support these themes by focusing on one lesson that emerges from each author's work(s). Finally, we ask what one might learn about educating girls and women from these texts and others whose educative meaning and value remain hidden. 相似文献
77.
Administrative rhetoric: An undemocratic response to protest 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Theodore Otto Windt Jr. 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(3):245-250
Much of the criticism of protest rhetoric has centered on the protestors themselves. This essay focuses on administrators, particularly those at the University of California at Berkeley, and the rhetoric they used in response to protest. It outlines the major lines of argument that administrators traditionally use. 相似文献
78.
Saskia Kistner Katrin Rakoczy Barbara Otto Charlotte Dignath-van Ewijk Gerhard Büttner Eckhard Klieme 《Metacognition and Learning》2010,5(2):157-171
An implication of the current research on self-regulation is to implement the promotion of self-regulated learning in schools.
Teachers can promote self-regulated learning either directly by teaching learning strategies or indirectly by arranging a
learning environment that enables students to practise self-regulation. This study investigates teachers’ direct and indirect
promotion of self-regulated learning and its relation to the development of students’ performance. Twenty German mathematics
teachers with their overall 538 students (grade 9) were videotaped for a three-lesson unit on the Pythagorean Theorem. Students’
mathematics performance was tested several times before and after the observed lessons. A low-inferent coding system was applied
to assess the teachers’ implicit or explicit instruction of cognitive strategies (e.g., organisation), metacognitive strategies
(e.g., planning), and motivational strategies (e.g., resource management). High-inferent ratings were used to assess features
of the learning environment that foster self-regulation. Results reveal that a great amount of strategy teaching takes place
in an implicit way, whereas explicit strategy teaching and supportive learning environment are rare. The instruction of organisation
strategies and some features of the learning environment (constructivism, transfer) relate positively to students’ performance
development. In contrast to implicit strategy instruction, explicit strategy instruction was associated with a gain in performance.
These results reveal a discrepancy between the usefulness of explicit strategy instruction and its rare occurrence in classrooms. 相似文献
79.
Svobodova Z Reza Mohamadi M Jankovicova B Esselmann H Verpillot R Otto M Taverna M Wiltfang J Viovy JL Bilkova Z 《Biomicrofluidics》2012,6(2):24126-2412612
Determination of amyloid β (Aβ) isoforms and in particular the proportion of the Aβ 1-42 isoform in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients suspected of Alzheimer's disease might help in early diagnosis and treatment of that illness. Due to the low concentration of Aβ peptides in biological fluids, a preconcentration step prior to the detection step is often necessary. This study utilized on-chip immunoprecipitation, known as micro-immunoprecipitation (μIP). The technique uses an immunosorbent (IS) consisting of magnetic beads coated with specific anti-Aβ antibodies organized into an affinity microcolumn by a magnetic field. Our goal was to thoroughly describe the critical steps in developing the IS, such as selecting the proper beads and anti-Aβ antibodies, as well as optimizing the immobilization technique and μIP protocol. The latter includes selecting optimal elution conditions. Furthermore, we demonstrate the efficiency of anti-Aβ IS for μIP and specific capture of 5 Aβ peptides under optimized conditions using various subsequent analytical methods, including matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS), capillary electrophoresis, microchip electrophoresis, and immunoblotting. Synthetic Aβ peptides samples prepared in buffer and spiked in human CSF were analyzed. Finally, on-chip immunoprecipitation of Aβ peptides in human CSF sample was performed. 相似文献
80.
Master data management (MDM) is a topic of increasing prominence both in the scientific and in the practitioners’ information systems (IS) community. As a prerequisite for meeting strategic business requirements, such as compliance with regulations, business integration, or integrated customer management, MDM comprises numerous activities. One of the central activities is designing and maintaining the master data architecture. Interestingly, though, the scientific community has remained almost silent with regard to the question as to how companies should proceed when designing the master data architecture. In order to shed light on this unexplored topic, the paper at hand presents the findings of a case study at Bosch Group. The case study shows that designing the master data architecture is a multidimensional task which requires balancing the interests of various organizational stakeholders, managing an array of technical opportunities, and meeting requirements of numerous master data classes. Also, the case study suggests that taking advantage of architectural design patterns may be an appropriate way to adequately address the complexity of the task. 相似文献