中华妇产科杂志审稿现状及对策

为探讨科技期刊审稿中存在的关键问题及解决对策,抽取200份中华妇产科杂志2000年审稿单及60篇论著类文稿的144份专家审稿意见,分别对审稿时间和审稿质量进行分析.除去初审退稿外,外审时间最短7 d,最长206 d,平均42.7 d,一篇文稿从来稿到刊出平均最快要7个月;60篇论著类文稿的专家审稿单144份,共提出审稿意见263条,最少1条,最多7条,平均1.83条(两审意见重叠时,按1条计算).建议:1)根据来稿总量调整初审退稿比率;2)建立标准化审稿程序;3)完善和扩大审稿队伍;4)建立专业副总编评审制度;5)提高编辑自身素质.     

图书馆危机管理的基本概念及内容

图书馆危机是指对图书馆系统造成严重威胁或破坏、需要图书馆人立即反应的高度震荡状态。它的特点包括隐蔽性、长期性、复合性、难恢复性。根据危机诱因、危机发生发展特点、危机发生领域、危机中主体的一致态度等标准，图书馆危机可分为不同类型。而图书馆危机管理是指对图书馆运行中出现的危机因子和危机事件从发生到消亡全程管理实践。文章比较了图书馆危机管理与相关管理（灾害管理、风险管理、突发事件管理、问题管理）的关系，提出图书馆危机管理的内容应包括五个方面：树立正确的危机观和危机管理观、图书馆危机管理的基础工作、图书馆日常危机管理、图书馆危机事件管理、图书馆危机后续管理。     

Molecular grafting towards high-fraction active nanodots implanted in N-doped carbon for sodium dual-ion batteries

Sodium-based dual-ion batteries (Na-DIBs) show a promising potential for large-scale energy storage applications due to the merits of environmental friendliness and low cost. However, Na-DIBs are generally subject to poor rate capability and cycling stability for the lack of suitable anodes to accommodate large Na⁺ ions. Herein, we propose a molecular grafting strategy to in situ synthesize tin pyrophosphate nanodots implanted in N-doped carbon matrix (SnP₂O₇@N-C), which exhibits a high fraction of active SnP₂O₇ up to 95.6 wt% and a low content of N-doped carbon (4.4 wt%) as the conductive framework. As a result, this anode delivers a high specific capacity ∼400 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 A g⁻¹, excellent rate capability up to 5.0 A g⁻¹ and excellent cycling stability with a capacity retention of 92% after 1200 cycles under a current density of 1.5 A g⁻¹. Further, pairing this anode with an environmentally friendly KS6 graphite cathode yields a SnP₂O₇@N-C||KS6 Na-DIB, exhibiting an excellent rate capability up to 30 C, good fast-charge/slow-discharge performance and long-term cycling life with a capacity retention of ∼96% after 1000 cycles at 20 C. This study provides a feasible strategy to develop high-performance anodes with high-fraction active materials for Na-based energy storage applications.     

人称指示语的语用分析

本文从语用的角度出发,通过一些典型事例,对人称指示语的非常规用法进行分析,指出了它们之间的交叉互指、单复数互用、泛指等用法,肯定了语境对人称指示语的制约作用,揭示出其背后隐藏的语用内涵,总结出其非常规选择的语用原则。     

A Machine Learning Approach for the Simultaneous Detection of Preknowledge in Examinees and Items When Both Are Unknown

Pan and Wollack (PW) proposed a machine learning method to detect compromised items. We extend the work of PW to an approach detecting compromised items and examinees with item preknowledge simultaneously and draw on ideas in ensemble learning to relax several limitations in the work of PW. The suggested approach also provides a confidence score, which is based on an autoencoder to represent our confidence that the detection result truly corresponds to item preknowledge. Simulation studies indicate that the proposed approach performs well in the detection of item preknowledge, and the confidence score can provide helpful information for users.     

英语口译教学的逻辑训练

逻辑训练上承信息听取,下接目的语输出,是口译练习过程中必不可少的中坚环节.为探索英语口译逻辑训练的方法,选取学生口译练习的真实语料进行转写分析,发现口译教学目前存在重字句轻逻辑、语言逻辑理解有误等问题,而逻辑训练方法包括源语言与目的语复述交叉训练、阐释改述练习、运用逻辑思维创作和练后反思及自主纠错等.     

我国投资基金锚定式偏差研究

投资者的认知偏差是有限理性现象的具体体现之一,文章通过采用看涨情绪变动指标(DS),通过该指标分析出开放式基金的经理对未来市场走势心理预期的变动。以BSI作为我国投资者情绪指标,并且结合市场收益率Rm(这里采用深沪300指数季度收益率),利用计量方法对看涨情绪指标变动(DS)和市场收益率(Rm)进行回归分析,证实基金经理人的投资预期是否理性,是否产生锚定启发式偏差。     

生物脱氮除磷工艺的现状及发展趋势

生物脱氮除磷工艺是利用微生物好氧硝化，吸收磷，缺氧反硝化，厌氧释磷的原理，而最终去除水中氮、磷污染的生物工艺。Bardenpho、Phoredox、UCT、A／O、AB、OCO、SBR、氧化沟、CAST、UNITANK工艺具有简洁高效、经济的特点，是今后的发展趋势。     

对中小学科研兴校的一些思考

教育科研对提高中小学教师的素质极其重要，我国的传统教育观念对教师从事科研有着消极的影响，而现代教育呼唤科研型的教师。目前在中小学校中存在有教师对科研不够重视。缺乏科研的知识和技能等问题，这是影响教师素质和科研质量提高的重要原因。