论体育权利与体育公共服务均等化

公民的体育权利是体育公共服务供给的主要依据。当前,我国体育公共服务供给存在明显的区域不均衡、阶层不均衡、城乡不均衡,造成实际上的公民体育权利不平等。为保障公民享有平等的体育权利,必须优化我国体育公共服务供给方式,不断推进体育公共服务均衡发展。     

冰上杂技音乐剧 《爱丽丝梦游仙境》的审美体现

大型冰上杂技音乐剧《爱丽丝梦游仙境》是由黑龙江冰尚杂技舞蹈演艺制作有限公司与融创集团联袂推出的一部精品力作。该剧根据英国童话大师刘易斯·卡罗尔的《爱丽丝漫游仙境》和《爱丽丝镜中奇遇记》及迪士尼以此素材拍摄的3D电影改编而成。经过剪头绪、立主脑,简化了原著的故事情节和人物关系。     

江苏省高职、专科学生和本科学生体质健康现状的比较研究

根据江苏省4所大专院校1 435名高职、专科学生体质健康测试数据和6所普通高校3 924名本科生的测试数据进行比较研究。发现高职、专科学生的身体形态发育水平与本科生接近,而身体机能和素质水平显著差于本科生,其体质健康总体水平在很大程度上差于本科生,其中女生的差距更大.建议有关部门和学校应该高度关注和研究形成这种现状的根本原因及解决问题的对策。     

Hip adductor activations during run-to-cut manoeuvres in compression shorts: implications for return to sport after groin injury

Abstract

Athletes at high risk of groin strains in sports such as hockey and soccer often choose to wear shorts with directional compression to aid in prevention of or recovery from hip adductor strains. Large, eccentric contractions are known to result in or exacerbate strain injuries, but it is unknown if these shorts have a beneficial effect on hip adductor muscle activity. In this study, surface electromyography (EMG) of the adductor longus and ground reaction force (GRF) data were obtained simultaneously on 29 healthy individuals without previous history of serious injury while performing unanticipated 45° run-to-cut manoeuvres in a laboratory setting wearing shorts with non-directional compression (control, HeatGear, Under Armour, USA) or shorts with directional compression (directional, CoreShort PRO, Under Armour, USA), in random order. Average adductor activity in the stance leg was significantly lower in the directional condition than in the control condition during all parts of stance phase (all P < 0.042). From this preliminary analysis, wearing directional compression shorts appears to be associated with reduced stance limb hip adductor activity. Athletes seeking to reduce demand on the hip adductors as they approach full return to activities may benefit from the use of directional compression shorts.     

Preschool children's exposure to story grammar elements during parent–child book reading

Twenty‐three preschool‐age children, 3;6 (years; months) to 4;1, were videotaped separately with their mothers and fathers while each mother and father read a different unfamiliar storybook to them. The text from the unfamiliar storybooks was parsed and coded into story grammar elements and all parental extratextual utterances were transcribed and coded for (1) their relationship to the story grammar elements found within the storybook, and (2) the natural strategies parents used to direct their children's attention to these elements. Children's overall exposure to story grammar elements during book reading was also explored for its relationship to their language abilities. Results indicated that parents focused significantly more on the resolution, attempt, and consequence compared to the initiating event and plan, and most frequently used the text and pictures as strategies for recruiting their children's attention to the story grammar elements within the book. In addition, the frequency of parental utterances related to story grammar elements was negatively correlated with children's language abilities. This study did not examine the complexity or depth of parental utterances related to story grammar elements. These findings provide initial evidence that children may derive their understanding of story grammar at least in part through their parents' extratextual discussions during parent–child book reading.     

A sequential analysis of responses in online debates to postings of students exhibiting high versus low grammar and spelling errors

Given that grammatical and spelling errors have been found to influence perceived competence and credibility in written communication, this study examined how a student’s grammar and spelling errors affect how other students respond to the student’s postings in four online debates hosted in asynchronous threaded discussions. Message-response exchanges were sequentially analyzed to identify patterns in students’ replies to arguments and challenges with counter-challenges, explanations, and evidentiary support posted by students that exhibited low versus high number of grammatical and spelling errors. Although no causal inferences can be drawn from this study, the findings nevertheless suggests that: (a) arguments posted by high-error students are more likely to be challenged than arguments posted by low-error students; (b) exchanges between high-error students can amplify the effects of grammar/spelling errors; and (c) higher levels of argumentation can be achieved by placing students into groups that are heterogeneous in writing skills in general. The findings and methods used in this study lay the groundwork for further research on strategies for managing individual differences in students’ grammar and spelling (and other student behaviors in general) and increasing the level of critical discourse in online discussions.     

苏秦行年试说

苏秦生平事迹,主要载于《战国策》和《史记》,1973年长沙马王堆三号汉墓出土帛书中的《战国纵横家书》又为研究苏秦生平提供了新的重要资料。综合各种史料及古今学者所论,尝试得出苏秦约为前366-前319年间人,年寿在三十七八至四十七八岁之间。其行事略早于张仪。     

工学结合背景下高职实践教学质量评价体系研究与实践

随着高等职业教育的蓬勃发展,实践教学的比重逐渐上升,高职院校对于实践教学质量愈发重视,对实践教学评价体系的研究成为高职院校教学质量监控的中心工作。文章从高职实践教学评价的现状出发,分析了实践教学评价指标、评价内容、评价主体、评价方法、评价反馈的五个方面的变化;并且结合浙江经贸职业技术学院督导室近些年对于实践教学质量监控体系的研究与实践,就如何构建高职实践教学评价体系进行了深入分析。     

叶和芽在柃木扦插不定根形成中的作用

以柃木插条为试验材料,研究了叶和芽对柃木扦插不定根形成的诱导作用。结果表明生根过程中插穗叶片保留的时间越长,其生根率越高;春季和秋季扦插时,无叶无芽插穗的生根率均为0,春插时,无叶有芽插穗的生根率达到23.33%,秋插时,无叶有芽插穗的生根率为0,而有叶无芽插穗的生根率为14.44%,说明活动芽和叶片能促进不定根的形成,适当叶片数量能有效提高柃木生根率。     

Three “centuries”: the context and development of rural construction in China

If the shoe doesn’t fit, it is a mistake to change the foot, but in essence this is what occurred in 20th-century China, in the context of rural construction. Motivated by self-preservation, nationalist forces in China resisted the hasty, indiscriminate and harmful importation (indeed, imposition) of western influences, but these external influences ultimately predominated over traditional domestic practices. Radical ideologies evolved, destroying traditional construction methods while promoting ill-conceived, but ostensibly “modern” counterparts, or chaotic syntheses of old and new. Rural economies were devastated, to the despair of peasants. The internal response to external stimulus had become far more damaging, the cure its own fatal disease. Amid ongoing efforts at reconstruction, local committees were formed that varied in efficiency, and successive waves of rural construction featured a wide array of approaches, far more than merely “top down” or “bottom up (grassroots).” And yet, while conditions have improved, the symptoms of radical response persist. The proper cure should be context-dependent reform.