Examining the effect of positive behaviour support on academic achievement of students with disabilities

Students who engage in challenging behaviour compromise the fundamental ability of schools to educate children. Consequently, teachers face the daunting task of designing effective strategies to promote positive educational outcomes for their students. Since the 1997 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act amendments, the use of positive behaviour supports (PBS) to address the behavioural needs of children challenged by disabilities has expanded. There is evidence to support the utility of PBS in reducing challenging behaviour among students. However, successful schools are also gauged by the academic achievement of their students. Hence, it is important to examine the extent to which behavioural outcomes are related to academic outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which PBS interventions aimed at reducing challenging behaviour result in corresponding improvement in academic achievement. A meta‐analysis of extant research indicated a positive correlation of 0.40 between improvement in problem behaviour and academic achievement. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at: http://youtu.be/c9OUU0GkGrw .     

The Relationship Between Undergraduate Attendance and Performance Revisited: Alignment of Student and Instructor Goals

We revisit the relationship between attendance and performance in the undergraduate university setting and apply agency theory in the instructor–student context. Building on agency theory propositions in the educational setting advanced by Smith, Zsidisin, and Adams (2005) , we propose that the student and instructor must align goals to promote the student's achievement of performance learning outcomes, and attendance functions as a behavior‐based alignment mechanism to encourage the convergence of faculty and student interests. Further, we propose that attendance does not equally affect lower‐ and higher‐performing students and that absences are also negatively related to students' cumulative grade point average. We test these hypotheses with data from undergraduates enrolled in management courses at a state university in the southeast. Our results show that attendance is positively related to exam performance, there are more pronounced negative effects of an absence for lower‐performing students than for higher performers, and absences are negatively related to a student's cumulative grade point average. We discuss the implications of our findings for students, instructors, and universities as well as practice in teaching and learning.     

幼儿园研讨型公开课存在的问题及其解决对策

为教学研究而组织的研讨型公开课是促进教师专业成长的有效途径.然而当前研讨型公开课在实施过程中存在着教学设计花哨,不能真实反映日常教学状况;课后研讨流于形式,不能围绕一个问题深入开展;研究结果缺乏梳理和总结,不能较大提高研究水平等问题.为真正实现研讨型公开课促进教师专业成长的作用,需要明确各方参与人员的角色定位;课后研讨应由评价教师教学行为向研究儿童、研究教学、教师共同建构实践知识转变;研讨后应有反思和整理,在梳理认识与疑惑的基础上生成下一步研讨的问题.     

Adaptive early termination of fast mode decision in MVC based on inter-view correlation

Variable size motion estimation (ME) and disparity estimation (DE) are employed to select the best coding mode for each macroblock (MB) in the current joint multiview video model (JMVM).This technique achieves the highest possible coding efficiency,but it results in extremely large computation complexity which obstructs the multiview video coding (MVC) from practical application.This paper proposes an adaptive early termination of fast mode decision algorithm for MVC.It makes use of the coding information o...     

利用Visual Foxpro6．0制作特效字幕

任何一个软件都需要设计若干个屏幕界面为其包装，本文介绍几个在Visual Foxpro6．0中制作特效字幕的实例。     

《特殊教育提升计划(2014—2016年)》进展报告

2014年1月8日国务院办公厅向各省、自治区、直辖市等转发了《特殊教育提升计划(2014-2016年)》文章以此为主要对象,结合各地出台的"特殊教育提升计划实施方案",分别从出台背景、价值取向、重点任务对《计划》进行解读,在解读的基础上,了解其实施进展情况:特殊教育学校课程标准制定工作开展顺利;特殊教育教师专业化得到进一步加强;2014年特殊教育招生数及在校生数有所增加;特殊教育经费投入显著增加;各地高度重视"实施方案"的制定。     

休闲体育主体性研究

休闲体育是个体摆脱现实生活中的种种限制,感受心灵愉悦,体验自我存在,获得生命自由的主体性活动。当前社会"麦当劳化"和消费主义盛行,人们的休闲体育丧失了主体性、创造性和自由,不能使人们获得全面发展。为此,人们只有增强自己的主体性,才能在休闲体育中获得充分发展。     

平板玻璃再烤成型后的化学磨砂

本文从平板玻璃的化学组成出发，结合再烤成型后玻璃表面性质的变化，提出了一套较为完善的化学磨砂法，经批量生产，成品率达99％。     

Association between polymorphisms of prokineticin receptor (PKR1 rs4627609 and PKR2 rs6053283) and recurrent pregnancy loss

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a condition with complex etiologies, to which both genetic and environmental factors may contribute. During the last decade, studies indicated that the expression patterns of the prokineticin receptor (PKR1 and PKR2) are closely related to early pregnancy. However, there are few studies on the role of PKR1 and PKR2 in RPL. In this study, we purpose to investigate the association between polymorphisms of the prokineticin receptor (PKR1 rs4627609 and PKR2 rs6053283) and RPL on a group of 93 RPL cases and 169 healthy controls. Genotyping of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was performed using a Sequenom MassARRAY iPLEX system. The results revealed a significant association between PKR2 rs6053283 polymorphism and RPL (P=0.003), whereas no association was observed between PKR1 rs4627609 polymorphism and RPL (P=0.929) in the Chinese Han population.