Dynamics of the martial arts high front kick

Fast unloaded movements (i.e. striking, throwing and kicking) are typically performed in a proximo‐distal sequence, where initially high proximal segments accelerate while distal segments lag behind, after which proximal segments decelerate while distal segments accelerate. The aims of this study were to examine whether proximal segment deceleration is performed actively by antagonist muscles or is a passive consequence of distal segment movement, and whether distal segment acceleration is enhanced by proximal segment deceleration. Seventeen skilled taekwon‐do practitioners were filmed using a high‐speed camera while performing a high front kick. During kicking, EMG recordings were obtained from five major lower extremity muscles. Based on the kinematic data, inverse dynamics computations were performed yielding muscle moments and motion‐dependent moments. The results indicated that thigh deceleration was caused by motion‐dependent moments arising from lower leg motion and not by active deceleration. This was supported by the EMG recordings. Lower leg acceleration was caused partly by a knee extensor muscle moment and partly by a motion‐dependent moment arising from thigh angular velocity. Thus, lower leg acceleration was not enhanced by thigh deceleration. On the contrary, thigh deceleration, although not desirable, is unavoidable because of lower leg acceleration.     

试论北京"人文奥运"的赛场文化

2008年在北京举办奥运会,那时将使全世界人民的目光焦点对准北京。我们要努力实现现代人文精神与奥林匹克运动的主体活动奥运会比赛的有机融合。在奥运会比赛的每一个赛场,都应该充盈着人文精神。赛场文化是“人文奥运”的重要组成部分,也是“人文奥运”的直接体现。奥运赛场上,中国体育观众将向全世界展示自己的风采。从赛场展示中国的文化、中国人的素质、中国人的体育精神、中国人民的友好感情。     

生产性外商投资企业的所得税优惠问题

本文主要讨论最广泛享有税收优惠政策的生产性外商投资企业的所得税优惠问题,具体包括税率优惠、定期减免税优惠、再投资退税以及购买国产设备投资抵免等所得税优惠政策。     

陶渊明诗歌的生命主题及哲学思考

陶渊明诗歌既表现了诗人建功立业的伟大理想,又表现了他人生抉择的痛苦与矛盾,在生命意识的消释中,儒家的伦理价值生命观和道家的自然哲学生命观深深影响了他对人生的哲学思考,这些为后代士人努力去追求自身的生命价值意义提供了有力的借鉴。     

大学英语教师跨文化教育的局限性及对策

从80年代初期,我国学者开始研究跨文化交际至今,有关"跨文化交际能力"的文章绝大多数都是讨论和分析如何培养学生的跨文化交际能力,只有极少量的论文提及跨文化交际能力培养的主要实施者——大学英语教师。因此,文章试分析当前一线大学英语教师自身的跨文化交际能力和跨文化教育意识,希望能为进一步推动大学英语教学跨文化能力培养提供一些有益的参考。     

房地产企业营销沟通与消费者决策购买的相关性研究

营销沟通是企业创建品牌和销售产品的重要手段,本文通过对企业形象树立、广告宣传、口碑传播、营销人员与客户面对面沟通等营销沟通方式来研究房地产企业营销沟通与消费者购买决策的相关性。     

多元化发展：中国高校人文社会科学学报的改革路径

中国报刊体制改革是整个文化体制改革的一部分,故高校人文社会科学学报改革势在必行。就高校人文社科学报的改革策略而言,集约化发展、专业整合发展、数字化发展、栏目共建、内涵式发展以及联合办刊等多元化发展路径或许是行之有效的改革方向。     

Texts

Made in America: Immigrant Students in Our Public Schools. Laurie Olsen, New York: The New Press, 1997, 276 pages, $25.00 (hardcover), ISBN 1–5658–4400–9, and $14.95 (softcover), ISBN 1–5658–4471–8.

The Power of Their Ideas: Lessons for America From a Small School in Harlem. Deborah Meier, Boston: Beacon Press, 1995, 190 pages, $12.00 (softcover). ISBN 0–8070–3111–9.

Yesterday, Today & Tomorrow: Meeting the Challenge of Our Multicultural America & Beyond. Paul D. Christiansen and Michelle Young, San Francisco: Gaddo Gap Press, 1996, 376 pages, $29.95 (softcover). ISBN 1–8801–9218–7.